【知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)】
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯與短語
1． express的用法小結(jié)：
（1）express主要作為及物動詞使用，意思是“表達(dá)；表示”。
例如：
He can express himself in good clear English now after four years' hard learning.
經(jīng)過四年的艱苦學(xué)習(xí),現(xiàn)在他能用清楚流暢的英語表達(dá)自己的意思了。
Her face expressed great joy when Mrs White knew that her son had been admitted to Harvad.
懷特夫人聽說自己的兒子被哈佛大學(xué)錄取了,臉上顯出非常高興的樣子。"
（2）express的常用短語：
express one’s thanks：表示謝意
express oneself：表達(dá)自己的意思
express one’s sadness：表達(dá)某人的悲傷
express one’s opinion：表達(dá)某人的觀點(diǎn)
express one’s thoughts: 表達(dá)某人的想法
（3）express 的名詞形式為expression。
2．with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)小結(jié)：
“with + 介詞短語/名詞/代詞/現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/副詞/形容詞等等”構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作定語、狀語等等。
例如：
With a book in his hand, he left the room.
手里拿著一本書，他離開了房間。
With so much homework to do, I don’t have any time to play computer games.
有那么多的作業(yè)要做， 我一點(diǎn)玩電腦游戲的時(shí)間都沒有。
With the robber caught, we were able to get a night’s sleep at last.
隨著強(qiáng)盜被抓獲，我們終于能夠睡一晚上的好覺了。
3．turn 構(gòu)成的詞組小結(jié)：
turn … over: 把…翻過來
turn to: 轉(zhuǎn)到，翻到
turn against: 背叛
turn away: 把…打發(fā)走
turn on: 開
turn off: 關(guān)
turn up: 開大
turn down: 調(diào)低，關(guān)小
turn in: 交出，上交
turn into: 把…變成…
4．desire：的用法小結(jié)：
（1）desire用做名詞，意思是“渴望；希望；強(qiáng)烈的欲望”。
例如：
He has no desire for being famous. 他對出名沒有什么欲望。
I had a desire to go swimming. 我很想去游泳。
He works hard from a desire to become rich.
他因?yàn)榭释赂欢ぷ鳌?/p>
（2）desire作為動詞，表示“渴望，愿望”的意思。有三種常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
desire to do something
desire somebody to do something
desire that + 虛擬語氣從句
例如：
I desire to go to San Francisco next month. 我非常渴望下個(gè)月去舊金山。
What do you desire me to do next? 下一步你想讓我做什么？
I desire that you (should) complete your homework on time next time.
我希望你下一次按時(shí)完成作業(yè)。
（3）desire作為動詞，還可以表示“請求”，為官方用語。
例如：
It is desired that this rule shall be brought to the attention of the staff.
要求全體工作人員注意本條規(guī)章制度。
二、詞義辨析
1．if only 與only if的區(qū)別：
only if表示"只有"，為if的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式；if only則表示"如果……就好了"用于虛擬語氣，有時(shí)也可用于陳述語氣。 例如：
I wake up only if the school bell rings .
只有學(xué)校的鐘響了，我才會醒。
If only I had a million dollars.
我如果有一百萬美圓就好了。
If only he comes back early.
但愿他早點(diǎn)回來。
2．by， with與 in表示工具或者手段時(shí)的區(qū)別：
（1）by表示“以…的方式”，表示利用某種手段或者通過某種方式，相當(dāng)于“by means of”，后面通常跟名詞原形或者動詞-ing形式。
例如：
She earned money by writing. 她靠寫作掙錢。
We went by air. 我們乘飛機(jī)走。
All the work had to be done by hand. 所有的工作都不得不用手工來完成。
（2）with表示使用有形的工具或者器官，其后的名詞前一般用冠詞。
例如：
I pity the orphans with all my heart. 我完全同情這些孤兒。
Many people like eating with a spoon. 很多人喜歡用勺子吃飯。
We always write with pens. 我們通常用筆寫字。
He opened the door with his key. 他用鑰匙開了門。
Simon filled the bucket with water. 西蒙把桶里裝滿了水。
（3）in 表示使用某種語言或者用墨水、顏色、顏料等原料或者材料，名詞前也不用冠詞。
例如：
The teacher require us to write in ink. 老師要求我們用墨水寫字。
We are required to speak in English in his class. 要求我們在他的課上用英語講話。
It is impolite to write a letter in red ink. 用紅墨水寫信是不禮貌的。
3．power, strength 與force的區(qū)別：
（1）power含義最廣，指政治力量或能力。
例如：
Some animals have the power to see in the dark.
有些動物具有在黑暗中能看見東西的本領(lǐng)。
His powers are failing. 他的體力在衰退。
Power should be used wisely. 應(yīng)明智運(yùn)用權(quán)力。
（2）strength指某人或者某物所具有的內(nèi)在力量，可以指體力、力氣。
例如：
I haven't the strength to lift this table. 我沒有力氣抬這張桌子。
The boy gathered his strength to stand up. 那個(gè)男孩聚集力量站了起來。
3）force也可以指物質(zhì)或者精神力量，多指為做某事而使用的力量，也可以指武力。
例如：
the force of the explosion：爆炸力
You must use force to open that bottle. 你必須用力打開那個(gè)瓶子。
The thief took the money from the old man by force. 小偷用暴力奪走了老人的錢。
the forces of evil：邪惡勢力
三、重點(diǎn)句型
1．People have been playing the blues for many years, but the music has kept many of its characteristics.
本句是一個(gè)并列句，第一個(gè)分句用的是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的持續(xù)進(jìn)行；第二個(gè)分句用的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果。在使用時(shí)要注意這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示的重點(diǎn)。
2．Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world; rock music makes people think about the world and how to make their life better.
這兩個(gè)并列的分句都使用了動詞make引導(dǎo)復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語補(bǔ)足語都是省略了to的動詞不定式。
3．It’s a world of magic and wonders, a world where anything can happen.
此句中的where引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句。Where引導(dǎo)定語從句與where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的標(biāo)記就是其前面有沒有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。有名詞的，往往是定語從句，沒有名詞的，往往是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。
例如：
They reached a place where there were many trees and flowers. （where引導(dǎo)定語從句）
They were sent where they wanted to go. (where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句)
【考點(diǎn)透視 考例精析】
[考點(diǎn)] 考查引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句的連接詞的用法。
[考例1] _________ she couldn’t understand was _________ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.
A．What, why B．What, that C．That, why D．That, that
[解析] Ａ 本句的主語從句缺少主語，that不能引導(dǎo)主語從句并同時(shí)作主語，所以只能選what；第二個(gè)空缺表語從句的連接詞，根據(jù)句子的意思，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)表示原因的連接詞，所以就是why。
[拓展] 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，that不做成分，但是還不能省略，這是一個(gè)值得注意的問題。因?yàn)閠hat在引導(dǎo)定語從句作賓語及其它從句中是可以省略的；而that引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)也不做成分。
再如：
That he is a good official is known throughout the country. （that引導(dǎo)主語從句，不做成分）
The reason why he was late was that he had an unexpected visitor. (why引導(dǎo)定語從句；that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語從句。
[考點(diǎn)] 并列連詞or的用法。
[考例2] Start out right away, ________ you'll miss the first train. [06 四川卷]
A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．or D．while
[解析] Ｃ 解析：并列連詞or表達(dá)的意義是 “否則, 要不然”。
[考點(diǎn)] 考查at表示一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的用法。
[考例3] Don’t call between 12 o’clock and 13 o’clock, _____________ I am usually having lunch.
A．a(chǎn)t which B．a(chǎn)t which time C． by which D．by which time
[解析] Ｂ 本題中的which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞為between 12 o’clock and 13 o’clock， at表示在12點(diǎn)和13點(diǎn)之間的某個(gè)時(shí)間，其表示的是一個(gè)“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，所以選B。
[拓展] 英語中表示時(shí)間的介詞大多是固定的，比如：in the morning/in the afternoon/in the evening, at noon/at night/at midnight, on the morning of next Wednesday/on the afternoon of last Monday, on August 16th等等。
【基礎(chǔ)演練】
一、根據(jù)所給首字母或括號中的漢語意思填寫句子空格中所缺的單詞。
1．The actors who p__________ the play at the theatre were all students from our university.
2．I wasn't s_____________ with our treatment at that hotel, so I shall complain to the manager.
3．The two girls were w_____________ in order not to be heard by others.
4． Si Guangnan was a very famous Chinese ___________ and he wrote many famous songs that were popular in the 1980s.
5． All of them felt _________ when they lost the game which they could win.
6．He made the ________ （建議）that we go there at seven tomorrow morning.
7．There are also people who come to take such courses as Chinese _____(傳統(tǒng)的) medicine, painting, etc.
8．As a middle school teacher, he has no___________(愿望)for wealth.
9．They are coming to the _________( 展覽會) as my guests.
10．He waited for the _______________(宣布)of the result of the competition with bated breath.
二、單項(xiàng)填空：
1．Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _________ your advice.
A．followed B． would followed
C．had followed D．should follow
2．Today’s American music culture mostly ________ many different styles borrowed from other countries.
A．contained B．contains C．including D．included
3．We do think that it ______________ whether you love the performance or not.
A．makes no difference B．makes great difference
C．makes it different D．makes it differently
4．She _______ to have a rest and her motorbike _______ at the same time.
A．needs, needs to be repaired B．need, needs to repair
C．need, needs repairing D．needed, needs to be repaired
5．Mr. Johnson is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _________ his boss.
A．serves B．satisfies C．promises D．supports
6．While working in the countryside, the students ________ a great deal of knowledge on plant life.
A．looked up B．picked up C．put up D．called up
7．She was afraid _______ the big glass vase because she is afraid __________ it.
A．to carry, of breaking B． of carrying, to break
C．of carrying, of breaking D．for carrying, to break
8．I ________ shopping when a friend of mine came to see me.
A．a(chǎn)m going B．has gone C．went D．was about to go
9．The woman takes good care of me as if I ____________ her own daughter.
A．a(chǎn)m B．had been C．have been D．were
10．You can call me _________ you like. I will always be available to see you.
A．whoever B．whatever C．wherever D．whenever
【能力拓展】
完形填空：
Christmas was a wonderful time in Brooklyn. But holiday was in the air long before it came. The first sure (1) of it was the windows of the stores. You have to be a child to know the wonder of a store (2) filled with dolls, sleds and other playthings. And this wonder was (3) for a girl named Fancy. How (4) it was for Fancy to walk down the street and see another store all (5) for Christmas!
The clean (6) window was filled with cotton to look like snow. On this cotton snow (7) with dolls, dolls with golden hair, and other dolls which Fancy liked (8) better, their hair with the (9) of rich coffee with lots of milk in it, owned the deep blue eyes that (10) straight into a little girl’s heart. Fancy had never had such a doll. Her doll was a little (11) that cost only 5 cents.
Then there were the sleds for (12) across the snow. One sled had a flower (13) on it, a deep blue flower with bright green (14) . The sleds had wonderful (15) painted on them too, Rose Board, Megnolya, Snow King, the Flier and so on. Fancy thought,“ (16) I could only have one of those, I would never ask god for another thing (17) I live.” There were other beautiful toys in the store windows. And Fancy (18) weak from looking at so many wonderful things and thinking about them so hard. A week before Christmas, evergreen trees (19) in Fancy’s part of Brooklyn, Christmas tree sellers (20) ropes along the street. They put the green trees against the ropes and sold them to people who want to buy.
1． A．signal B．sign C．wonder D．mark
2． A． window B．living-room C．house D．store
3． A．expensive B．cheap C．free D．strange
4． A．exciting B． disappointing C．moving D．inspiring
5． A. good B．eager C．busy D．ready
6． A.shining B．recycling C．cleaning D．reflecting
7． A．boxes were filled B．were boxes filled
C．boxes were covered D．were boxes covered
8． A．fairly B．little C．ever D．even
9． A．factor B．kind C．color D．smell
10．A．focused B．went C．looked D．fell
11．A．girl B．one C．eye D．cotton
12．A．walking B．coming C．boating D．sliding
13．A．painted B．stuck C．tied D．pinned
14．A．fruit B．branches C．leaves D．grass
15．A．names B．flowers C． boxes D．dolls
16．A．until B．if C．unless D．before
17．A．a(chǎn)s good as B．a(chǎn)s far as C．a(chǎn)s well as D．a(chǎn)s long as
18．A． got B．felt C．became D．turned
19．A．stopped arriving B．began arriving C．died out D．grew up
20．A．kept B．cut C．tied D．broke
參考答案
高一部分
Units 11-12 (B1)
基礎(chǔ)演練
一、1. performed 2. satisfied 3. whispering 4. musician 5. unhappy 6. suggestion 7. traditional 8. desire 9. exhibition 10. announcement
二、1-5 CBAAB 6-10 BADDD
能力拓展
1-5 BACAD 6-10 ABDCC 11-15 BDACA 16-20 BDBBC
1． B．圣誕節(jié)到來的第一可靠的標(biāo)志（sign）是商店的窗戶。
3． C．這個(gè)奇跡就是（櫥窗里這些洋娃娃和其他的玩具）對小女孩Fancy是免費(fèi)的（free）。
9． C．這些洋娃娃的頭發(fā)的顏色（color）是深咖啡色參合有濃濃的牛奶色。
10．C．那雙深藍(lán)色的眼睛直接看透（look straight into）了小女孩的心思。
12．D．然后那些雪橇（sleds）在雪上滑行（sliding）。
13．A．結(jié)構(gòu)have sth. done;它上面畫（painted）有一朵花。
16．B．Fancy心里想如果（if）我僅有一個(gè)這樣的雪橇，我一輩子（as long as I live）決不再要?jiǎng)e的什么玩具。
18．B．Fancy因?yàn)橐恢痹诳茨敲炊嗟木饰锲泛涂嗫嗟南胫鼈兌械剑╢elt）虛弱。
19．B．圣誕節(jié)之前一個(gè)星期，常青樹就開始出現(xiàn)在（began arriving）Fancy居住的Brooklyn街區(qū)，即有人開始賣買常青樹了。