Unit Two The Environment
Part One：Useful Words and Phrases
1. debate on/about sth beyond debate: 無疑義/無可爭辯
2. environmental protection/conservation, environmental pollution
3. industrial waste
4. a friendly atmosphere
5. in addition=besides; in addition to… additional=extra
6. The earthquake wiped out the village.
7. follow our usual schedule
8. large amounts of poisonous chemicals
9. flow into the rivers
10. turn into a big problem
11. teach people about environmentally friendly ways of living
12. at the same time
13. turn into a big problem
14．Take responsibility for…; be responsible for…
15. rely on sb to do sth; rely on sb that…
16. be of （great/no） importance= be （very ）important
17. hunt animals, hunt (for) a job
18. endanger your health; endangered species
19. advise/suggest doing sth; advise sb to do sth, suggest sb/one’s doing sth
advise/suggest +從句（ 用should do表虛擬）
20. the remaining food; It remains to be seen whether they will succeed.
They remain seated on the sofa, chatting with each other.
21. prohibit…from doing sth (較正式，法規禁止) forbid/prevent….from doing sth
Part Two: Sentence Patterns
1. Can you think of other ways in which people damage the environment?
I am talking to you today about the way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste.
注： the way + ( in which /that ) 定語從句
2. With me is Mr. Lin (倒裝) from the Society for Environmental Preservation.
3. Then we will open the floor for the discussion.
4. voice （表達）your comments or opinions
5. follow the usual schedule
6. The waste goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick. flow into the water
7. In addition(=Besides) , many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.
8. These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.
lay, laid: 放/鋪；產蛋 lay the table for dinner, lay the map on the desk, lay rails; lay eggs
lie, lied:說謊 lie, lay, lain: 躺， 位于
He found a book lying /laid on the desk.
9. This will have a lasting effect upon/on the number of fish left for us to eat.
10. People who need more land to live on and more food to eat.
注：不定式作定語，注意與前面名詞的拱配要完整 This is a comfortable chair to sit in.
11. The world’s population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.
倍數的表達： A +倍數+比較級+than +B；A+倍數+ as +原級+ as + B
A +倍數+ the +名詞 + of + B (有時用 “what從句”或“one’s +名詞”)
The population of China is double what it was in 1950.
12. My suggestion is that we (should) try to cut back on production
注：凡和“建議/命令/要求”意義有關的從句，用(should) do 表示虛擬.
13. It would be beneficial to expand our recycling industry and teach people about environmentally friendly ways of living.
14. It is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.
15. As an economist, I’m often seen as being against the environment. (be against/for：反對/支持)
16. This doesn’t have to(不一定/必)be true.
17.What I’m here to say is that having worked side by side with many environmentalists（現在分詞的完成形式作狀語）, I know a healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time.
18. The people running these factories (“經營”，現在分詞作定語) are concerned about environment.
We should produce less from materials taken directly from the environment.(過去分詞作定語)
19. We need to stop thinking of companies as the enemy. (think of…as…:把…看作)
比較： think… (to be)… consider/treat/look on…as…
20. But I do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides. （the key to doing sth）
21. preserve/protect the environment; environmental preservation/protection/conservation
22. What we need is more laws to preserve the environment, which still allow the economy to grow.
23. This might make seafood more expensive, but paying a higher price for some things(主語) is not always bad for the economy.
24. pay higher taxes, tax sb/sth
25. Asking around（現在分詞作狀語）, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly. （be willing to do sth）
26. While listening to a debate, remember each speaker’s speech is meant to convince you. (是以…為目的)
27. Just keep in mind (牢記)that you should not make a final decision until you have listened to both sides completely.
28. My aim in life is to save the environment for future generations.（不定式作表語）
29. We should pay more attention to what we eat. People should take responsibility for not buying certain kinds of fish, because there are not many left in the ocean.
30. What if (要是…怎么樣) we run out of space? What if the train is late?
31. run out: (vi）不接賓語, 無被動 Our food has run out.
run out of sth: (vt) 接賓語,有賓語
We have run out of our food 或Our food has been run out of.
32. My dad says he doesn’t mind a little bit of pollution, as long as (只要) it means people have jobs.
33. be in a good /bad state, state of mind
34. shock sb; a shock to sb
35. watch…closely:認真/細細致地； 比較： be/get close to…
36. clap sb on the back; give sb a clap
37. in the form of…; be stocked with…=be equipped with…
38. take measures/steps/actions to do sth
39. at national/international level
40. What (do you think) is the biggest danger to our environment today? (疑問前移)
Who (do you think) is the richest man in our village?
41. You can relax and be sure that there was no damage done to make space for your room.
. There was a short gentleman following her.
There be +sb/sth + doing /done /to do
do/cause damage to…; make space for…= make room for…:為…騰出空間
42. I’m delighter by your newspaper’s decision to start a campaign for protecting the environment.
43. The state(狀態) of our parks is very shocking, with rubbish everywhere.(with復合結構表伴隨)
44. I used to find a trip to the park very relaxing. Now I find it tiring because I have to pick up the rubbish where I am going to sit.(注：where/wherever引導地點狀語從句)
This kind of plant grows where it is warm.
Please put the book where you took it.
45. bring shame on sb; It is a shame +從句, What a shame…!
It would be a shame if they were destroyed because of people’s activities in the park.
46. Having seen this, the customs officer asked the woman to come over to his desk.
47.On/Upon taking off his jacket( 一…就), a sleeping tortoise was found on his stomach.
48. Apparently he traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.(伴隨狀語)
49. I like the idea of taxing factories that pollute although getting them to agree(主語,get sb to do sth ) would be difficult.
50. Having talked to you today(=After talking to you today), I think we should work on some projects
51. Desertification, the name for what happens when farmable land is turned into desert（名詞短語作同位語）, is a growing world problem.
52. China joined the Convention and has taken many steps to stop the process of desertification, including encouraging farmers to build fences which stop wind from blowing the dirt away, and providing money for people in dry areas to plant more trees.
53. There is also another resource in the fight against desertification, in the form of the China National Monitoring Center.
54. The center was set up in 1996 and is stocked with modern technical equipment for environmental research.
55. There are also things that can be done at a national or international level, such as sharing （such as為介詞短語）information and solutions and using satellites to pick out areas likely to be affected by desertification.
56. From my point of view(=In my opinion), you should use recycled materials.
Personally, I agree with Wei Li, because I think he has the right idea.
It seems to me that due to(因為/由于) his mistake, we will get in trouble.
57. It is clear to see why the problems have raised concern both nationally and internationally.
58. Not only is the amount of water taken from the river rising, but (also) the waste being put back into the river has also been increasing.
注：not only于句首+倒裝（采用疑問語序） + but (also)部分不變
59. This is not good news for the people who live in all the towns along the Yangtze River.
60. The pollution has resulted in unsafe drinking water which had led to health problems.
61. It also had harmful effects on the ecology of the area, killing many plants and animals.(結果狀語)
62. Thankfully, many people have recognized the importance, and projects have been set up to deal with the problem.
63. Two special government projects are under way to protect the river.
64. Experts are now trying to work out possible solutions to the many problems.
65. This project resulted in farmers replacing the crops with trees or grassland.(動名詞的復合式:one’s/sb doing sth)
66. The Yangtze River is home to a diverse range of fish and animals.
67. We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems concerning（介詞） the Yangtze River.
68. We believe that the efforts of the Chinese people to protect the river(主語部分) will be appreciated for years to come (=for the coming years)by future generations.
make an effort to do sth； spare no effort (不遺余力)
appreciate (one’s/sb) doing sth