M6 unit 2 (Part I )
Welcome to the unit
1. make sb/sth + adj (P17)
He has a strange way of_making_his classes lively and interesting.
make 后面還可以跟名詞/do/done 及介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語
He made him_captain_of the football team.(隊長)
若名詞為表示頭銜職位的詞，則名詞前不用冠詞。E.g.
Bush was made President of the USA again in 2004.
We don’t need to make him learn.
The waste put into the river makes the river __polluted_(污染)
He was made at a loss at the question.
Words from Reading to Word power
1. search sb/sp 在…搜查， 在…搜索 (P18標(biāo)題)
The guard searched every corner of the room.
士兵搜查了房間的每個角落。
He was afraid that he might be searched because he had the letter to the Party.
search for sth /sb
They searched for the lost child everywhere.
The police searched everyone for anything banned.
警察在每個過路人身上搜尋禁帶品。
The enemy _ searched_ the mountain for the wounded.
敵人搜山尋找傷員。
search n. 搜查，搜索
in search of/ in one’s search for/ in the search for
They went out in search of a cheap hotel.
A search _for_ the missing aircraft is already going on.
人們正在搜尋那架失控的飛機(jī)。
The police made repeated searches for cancelled (暗藏的) weapons.
警察反復(fù)搜查暗藏的武器。
Volunteers joined the search for the lost child.
有人自告奮勇也來尋找那失蹤的孩子
2. struggle (P18 Line4) 爭斗，搏斗，打斗
struggle with/to do 掙扎 vi n. 打斗，搏斗，斗爭，努力
The two boys are struggling with each other.
The thief struggled _to _ _run_ _away_(逃跑), but failed.
After _a long struggle , she gained control of the business.
經(jīng)過長期努力，她在業(yè)務(wù)上已經(jīng)能夠應(yīng)付自如。
a power struggle 權(quán)利斗爭 the class struggle 階級斗爭
3. disability (P18 Line4) n. 殘疾，無能，無力
people with disability 殘疾人
_Physical_ disability causes mental anxiety.
生理殘疾會引起心理焦慮。
He swims well _despite/in spite of her disabilities.
他盡管身有殘疾卻是游泳高手。
Lacking experience is a severe disability for her.
她缺乏經(jīng)驗，這是個很不利的條件。
disabled adj. 殘疾的
a disabled child in a wheelchair
the disabled 殘疾人
The disabled __are_ well looked after in the country.
be able to do
enable sb to do
The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.
我用這張通行證坐火車半價。
A rabbit’s large ears enable it to hear the slightest sound.
兔子的大耳朵能聽到極細(xì)小的聲音。
4.join + 黨派、團(tuán)體、組織(P18 Line8)
join the Party/ the League/ the club/ the organization/the Students’ Union/ the army
join A to B 把… 和 … 連接起來
South America is joined_ to North America with only a narrow strait separating North America from Asia.
南美洲和北美洲連在一起，北美洲和亞洲只相隔一條狹窄的海峽。
join up 將…連接起來
To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qinshihuang had the walls joined up.
為了御敵于國門之外，秦始皇令人把所有的城墻連接起來。
join sb in sth / doing 和… 一起做
join in 參加活動
Join us in the debate. 和我們一起辯論。
At this time her husband left his own work, in which he has been very successful and joined her _in_ her research for this unknown radiation.
當(dāng)時，她丈夫在自己的實驗室里干得非常成功，但他卻離開了自己的實驗室來和她一起尋找那種不知名的放射元素。
5. injure vt 傷害，損害(P18 Line16)
用于指人體如手、臂、腿等部位受傷。
用于物指損壞、損害。 e.g.:
He injured his left leg while playing football.
Dishonesty injures a business. 欺騙有損生意。
the injured 指受傷的人
The injured _were_ taken to the nearest hospital.
get injured
He got slightly/seriously/badly injured in the fight.
他在打斗中傷的很輕/重
比較：
injure身體或精神的傷害，指對身體的傷害時，意為“輕傷”
hurt 尤其指肉體，精神或心靈上的傷害，含較強(qiáng)烈的“疼痛”之意
harm 指對生物的傷害，也指對抽象事物的傷害
wound 常指在戰(zhàn)爭、暴力或災(zāi)害中受傷，（也可指精神的創(chuàng)傷）
作名詞指在戰(zhàn)斗中刀或槍引起的創(chuàng)傷、傷口
damage 指傷害人或物使之失去價值、功能或正常的外觀，用作名詞常指在自然災(zāi)害中的損害
e.g.:
He got his finger injured . 他手指受了點輕傷
He fell and hurt his arm. 他摔了一跤，傷了胳膊。
He was rather hurt by their criticism. 他被他們的批評所傷害。
Smoking a lot of cigarettes can _harm_ health. 吸煙過量會危害身體健康。
The fire badly damaged the city hall. 大火使市政廳遭到嚴(yán)重破壞。
注意：wound sb +介詞+the+ 人體部位
e.g.：
He was badly wounded __in_ the_ leg in the battle.
戰(zhàn)爭中他的腿傷的很重。
6. in hospital (P18 Line16) 生病住院/ in bed臥床/ at school在學(xué)校/ go to town進(jìn)城/in town在城里/ go to school去上學(xué)/go to church去做禮拜
這些表示特定概念的名詞前通常不加冠詞，不表示具體的地方。
7. in case (P18 Line20) 假設(shè)，萬一，以防
in that case 如果那樣 in case of + 名詞
in any case 無論如何 such being the case 情況如此
in no case 在句首要用倒裝句
Bring your dictionary with you in case you will use it.
隨身帶著字典以防你會用它。
In _any case, you must not tell a lie.
無論如何，你都不能撒謊。
In this case, you wouldn’t have a pan on fire.
那樣，你就不會把鍋弄著了。
In no case should we be the first to use nuclear weapons, as was claimed by Chairman Mao.
正如毛主席所聲明的，我們不能成為第一個適應(yīng)核武器的國家。
Such being the case, I’ll have to quit the job.
情況既然如此，我只好辭職了。
8. junior (P18 Line25) 地位或身份低的 （通常無比較級）
be junior to sb
He is several years junior to Mr. Cooper.
他比庫柏先生小幾歲。
用于父子同名時，指兒子在姓名之后用Jur/ Jr/ Jun
如：Sammy Davies Jr 小薩米戴維斯
反義詞senior
be senior to 比某人年長
He is 10 years_ junior to me. 他比我大十歲。
He is senior to me, since he joined the firm before me.
他比我資格老，因為他進(jìn)公司比我早。
子女和父母同名時，用于父母名字前 John Brown Senior 老約翰布朗
9. describe (P18 Line28) 描繪，描寫
describe sb/sth
+ 從句
The police asked the witnesses to describe the two suspects.
警察讓她描述一下那兩名男子。
It’s difficult to describe how I feel.
很難形容我的感受。
describe…as 把…稱為，描繪為，形容為…
She _is_ described as an angel.
她被稱為天使。
Don’t describe him as_ hard and cruel.
不要將他描繪的既苛刻又殘忍。
description n. 描繪 beyond description 難以形容
10. energetic (P18 Line28) adj → energy n.
full of energy 精力充沛
11. apart from(P18 Line29) 除了…之外，若不是
除了…之外，還有
Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.
他除了鼻子，哪兒都好看。
Apart from (Besides/ In addition to) the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
他除了臉部和雙手受傷外，兩條腿也斷了。
12. oneself 自己
One’s life 生命
devote one’s time to sth/ doing sth 向某人/某事奉獻(xiàn)了 時間 等
one’s energy 精力
one’s money 金錢
The doctor is determined to devote his whole life to _researching_(研究)Aids virus.
He devotes all his efforts to the task..
devoted adj. 熱愛的，忠實的，全心全意的
a devoted son/ friend/ supporter
孝子/忠實的朋友/不遺余力的支持者
Her son, to whom she was so devoted, went abroad 10 years ago.
Devoted (深愛) to their children, the parents work day and night for their education.
Madam Curie was devoted to the study of science.
devotion n. one’s children 對子女深愛
the Party 對黨忠誠
devotion to one’s task 全心全意的工作
duty 忠于職守
13. rush vi. (P19Line36) 沖，匆忙的做某事
Don’t rush, take your time. 別著急，慢慢來。
The children rushed out of the school. 孩子們沖出學(xué)校。
People rushed to buy the shares. 人們搶著買股份。
vi. rush sb/sth to sp
Ambulances rushed the injured to hospital.
救護(hù)車將傷者火速送往醫(yī)院。
Relief supplies were _rushed_ in. 救濟(jì)品已急速送到。
rush sb into doing sth 催促某人做某事
I’m not going to be_ rushed into anything.
我不會受人催促草率地做任何事情。
I’m sorry to rush you, but we need a decision by Friday.
我很抱歉催促你，但是我們要在周五之前知道決定。
14. cheer n. (P19 Line42) 歡呼，喝彩，高興，振奮
reply with cheers 報以喝彩聲
She accepted the gift with good cheers. 她欣然接受了那份禮物。
vt. 歡呼，喝彩，使…振奮
The audience cheered for the fine performances.
Cheer up, Frank, it’s not the end of the world.
He cheered me up when I was in trouble.
I’m talking Jane out to cheer her up(使…振作)
. cheerful adj. 快樂的，使人振奮的
a cheerful smile 快樂的微笑 cheerful news 讓人高興的消息
cheerful colors 悅目的色彩 a cheerful room 使人感到愉快的房間
15. spirit (P19 Line43) 精神，心靈
He is troubled in spirit. 他內(nèi)心苦惱。
in poor/ low spirits 心情低落，精神不振 in high spirits 情緒高昂
16. adapt (P19 Line56) 使…適應(yīng)，使.. 適合
adapt sth for /to do
Most of the tools have been especially adapted for use by disabled people.
這些工具大多數(shù)已經(jīng)過特別改裝，供殘疾人使用。
These styles can _be_ _adapted_ to suit individual tastes.
這些樣式可修改。
adapt (oneself ) to 適應(yīng)
We had to adapt quickly _to_ the new system. 我們不得不盡快適應(yīng)新制度。
A large organization can be slow to adapt to change.大機(jī)構(gòu)可能應(yīng)變遲緩。
The organisms were forced to adapt in order to survive. 生物被迫適應(yīng)，以求生存。
It took him a while to _adapt___ _himself_ __to_ his new surroundings.
他過了好一陣子，才適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。
adaptable adj. 有適應(yīng)能力的， 能適應(yīng)的
Successful business are highly adaptable to economic change.
成功的企業(yè)對于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變的適應(yīng)能力很強(qiáng)。
adaptation n.
the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions
沙漠物種對炎熱環(huán)境的適應(yīng)。
17. stay + adj./adv./prep (P19Line61) 停留，保持（某種狀態(tài)）
She stayed awake the whole night at the thought of being sent to the West.
一想到要被派往西部，她整夜未合眼。
The door stayed open all night long.
Put the meat in the fridge. It will _stay_ _fresh_for several days.
把肉放在冰箱里，它會保鮮好幾天。
Why did you stay away from school? 你為何不上學(xué)？
That evening he stayed behind in the office to finish some work.
那天晚上他呆在在辦公室里把工作做完了。
18. inspire (P19 Line63) 激勵，鼓舞
inspire sb to do sth
The actor’s enthusiasm inspired the kids.
演員們的熱情鼓舞著孩子們。
The speech inspired the players to greater success.
講話激勵著運(yùn)動員們?nèi)〉酶蟪晒Α?/p>
By visiting schools, the actors hope to inspire children _to _put_ on_ their own productions.
演員們希望通過訪問學(xué)校鼓勵孩子們演出自己的作品。
inspire 原義表示“ 賦予某人靈感（尤指寫作，繪畫，作曲等）”
The beautiful scenery inspired the poet to write his greatest poem.
inspired adj. 有創(chuàng)造力的，有雄心壯志的，得到靈感的，常修飾人
e.g an inspired poet/ a young man inspired
有創(chuàng)造力的詩人/ 有雄心壯志的的青年
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的， 使人感興趣的
an inspiring thought/ a book on an inspiring subject
鼓舞人心的想法/ 一本題材令人感興趣的書
inspiration n. 靈感
I sat down to write an essay (文章)，but found I was completely without inspiration.
19. admire v. (P19 Line64)欽佩 → admirable adj. 令人欽佩的，令人羨慕的，值得羨慕的
admiration . n . 欽佩，羨慕，贊美
admire sb for sth 因…而羨慕，贊美，欽佩某人
They admire our neat garden.
他們稱贊我家整潔的花園。
I admire him _for__ his courage in reform.
我欽佩他改革的勇氣。
admirable adj. 令人欽佩的，極好的
an admirable performance 優(yōu)美的表演
admiration n.
Her handling of the crisis fills me with admiration.
她對這一危機(jī)的處理使我贊嘆不已。
I have great admiration for his courage.
我十分佩服他的勇氣。
20. sympathy n. (P21) 同情心 （不可數(shù)）
show/feel great sympathy for / towards sb
She has never showed any sympathy for the poor.
她從不同情窮人。
Out of sympathy for the homeless child, she gave him shelter for the night.
出于對這個無家可歸的孩子的同情，她留他過夜。
sympathize v. sympathize with sb/sth 同情，支持
21. relate (P22) vt. “講述，敘述”
He related his trouble to his teacher and asked for his advice.
vi. 涉及，關(guān)系到，與…有關(guān)
To what events did your remarks relate_?
你的話指的是什么？
This paragraph relates to the October Revolution.
這一段涉及十月革命。
This plant is said to be related to that one.
據(jù)說這種植物與那種植物同屬一類。
be related to 與… 有關(guān)
relating to 關(guān)于
relations 關(guān)系，聯(lián)系，親戚
relative n./ adj. 親戚，相對的，相關(guān)的
relationship n. 關(guān)系
The relationship of these two neighbors has long been difficult.
We’ll discuss the paragraph related/relating to (涉及) the October Revolution.
Words(word power, grammar and project)
1. obey vt. 服從，聽從，執(zhí)行
obey orders 服從命令 obey the law 遵守法律
Solders are trained to obey without question.士兵們訓(xùn)練得絕對服從命令。
2. arrange vt,/vi 安排
①arrange sth 安排。。。 整理好。。。
She arranged all her business affairs before going on holiday.
她在度假前把業(yè)務(wù)都安排好了。
②arrange for sb/sth to do sth 使某人或某物做某事
I’ve arranged for a car to meet you at the airport.
我已經(jīng)安排了車子去機(jī)場接你。
③arrange with sb about sth/to do sth 與某人約定，商定
I’ve arranged with the neighbours about feeding the cats.
我已和鄰居商量好喂貓的事。
I arranged with my parents to borrow some money.
我與父母商定借些錢。
3. coach vt 輔導(dǎo)，訓(xùn)練
coach sb for /in sth
coach a swimmer for the Olympics
訓(xùn)練準(zhǔn)備參加奧運(yùn)會的游泳運(yùn)動員。
coach sb in maths 輔導(dǎo)某人數(shù)學(xué)
n.教練 a football ,tennis, swimming coach
4. believe in
（1）believe in sb 相信某人
（2）believe in sb/ sth 相信某物的存在
（3）believe in sth /sb /doing 相信某物是對的
You can believe in him. He is reliable.你可以信任他。他是可靠的。
Do you believe in God?你信上帝嗎？
He believes in getting plenty of exercise.他認(rèn)為進(jìn)行大量的鍛煉是對的。
而 believe 相信某人所說的話
I don’t believe you.我不相信你（的話）。
5. allocate vt. 分配
allocate sth to sb/sth 分配某物給某人
He allocated tasks to each of us.
他給我們每個人都分配了工作。
allocate sth for doing 劃出（時間，金錢）做。。。。
A large sum of money has been allocated for buying books for the library.
一大筆錢已劃撥給圖書館買新書。
allocation n.分配，撥出
We’ve only been given a small allocation of seats this year.
今年我們只分配到了小部分席位
6. adequate adj. 足夠的，充分的
adequate time / money
adequate for/to sth
Their earnings are adequate to their needs.
他們掙的錢足夠需要。
adequately adv.
adequacy n.
7．quit v. (quitted, quitted)停止，推出
quit sth I heard that he quitted his job.我聽說他辭去了工作。
quit doing You should quit making fun of people on these occasions.你不要在這種場合捉弄別人
adj. 擺脫，了結(jié) be quit of sth
She is glad to be quit of him.她為擺脫他而高興。
8. be tired of 厭倦，厭煩
be tired of sth/doing sth
He is tired of this kind of life without love.他厭倦這種沒有愛的生活。
She has been tired of listening to classical music.她聽厭了古典音樂。
be tired from 由于。。。而累了
I’m tired from the long journey , so I don’t want to walk.
由于長途跋涉我已經(jīng)累了，所以我不想走了
9. encouragement n. 鼓勵，激勵，支持
encourage v.鼓勵，鼓舞
encourage sb to do sth
encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的，
encouraged adj.受到鼓舞的
用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空
The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him.教師的話對他是極大的鼓舞。
His friends encouraged him to lose weight.他朋友鼓勵他減肥。
He felt encouraged by the progress he’d made.他因取得成績而歡欣鼓舞。
We were encouraged by the encouraging news.我們對這個令人鼓舞的消息所鼓勵。
10. ahead of…在…之前，領(lǐng)先，其前面可用well，far，等修飾
ahead of time 提前
He is well ahead of me in maths.她的數(shù)學(xué)比我好得多。
His education theory was far ahead of their time.他的教育理念遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)走在時代前面。
There were six other people ahead of him in the waiting room.在等候室里，他前面還有六個人。
11. at the point 在那時，在那個階段
At the point, he was a naughty boy.
At that point, we led a hard life.
on the point of 將近…的時候
She was on the point of leaving when I arrived.她正要離開的時候我到了。
12. rush n.（身體）一陣感覺，（感情）（）一陣激動
a rush of excitement/happiness/pain….
I felt a rush of excitement as she walked by.她走過時，我感到一陣激動。
They made a rush for the door. 他們沖向門口。
I always try to get to work before the rush hour starts.我總是力圖在交通高峰之前上班。
13. accomplishment n.完成，成功
accomplish v. 完成，實現(xiàn)
celebrate your accomplishment 慶祝你的成功
accomplish one’s aim/task 達(dá)到目的，完成任務(wù)
He is a man who will never accomplish anything.他是一個永遠(yuǎn)一事無成的人。
14. guarantee vt. 保證，保障
guarantee sth
There is no doubt that our government can guarantee our basic human rights.毫無疑問我們的政府能夠保障我們的基本人權(quán)。
guarantee to do sth
We guarantee to look into the case at once.我們保證馬上調(diào)查此案。
n. 保證，保單，抵押品
a guarantee of quality質(zhì)量的保證
It was still under quality.這.還在保修期內(nèi)
I offer my house as a guarantee.我拿房子作抵押。
15. assist vt. –help 幫助
assist sb to do sth
assist sb with sth/ in doing sth
Good books will assist you to get more knowledge.好書會幫助你獲得更多知識。
He assisted me with good ideas and encouragement.他幫助我出好主意并加以鼓勵。
The police will assist you in finding your daughter’s address.警察會幫你找到你女兒的地址的。
用assist, help, aid填空
(1)They aided the people in the floored area with money.
(2)Would ten dollars help you out?
(3)I did my best to comfort her, but it didn’t seem to help.
(4)I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.
16. instant adj. 立即的，速食的
instantly adv.
instance n.
instant noodles 方便面 instant coffee 速溶咖啡
The telegram asked for an instant reply.這封電報要求立即回復(fù)。
He will be back in an instant.他一會兒就回來。
the instant =the moment=instantly 作連詞，意為“一… 就”
The instant you press the switch, the light comes on.你一按開關(guān)，燈就亮。
Instantly I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for.我一看這人，就知道他是警察要找的人。
17. company n. 陪伴
I enjoy his company.我喜歡他的陪伴。
for company 作伴，一起
I hate going out alone, so I take my daughter for company.我不喜歡單獨出去，所以待女兒作伴。
in company 當(dāng)著別人的面
It’s bad manners to whisper in company.當(dāng)著別人的面竊竊私語是不禮貌的。
Language points（Grammar and usage, Task, Project)
1.. I knew I wanted to go for it.(P23L2)
go for 爭取，試圖得到
John is going for his second gold medal.約翰正在爭取他的第二塊金牌。
It sounds a great idea . Go for it! 這聽起來是個好主意。努力實現(xiàn)吧.
2. feel caught 左右為難(P26L2)
I felt caught between further study and work when I graduated
.當(dāng)我畢業(yè)時，我在繼續(xù)深造和工作之間感到左右為難。
My bike was caught between two buses.我的自行車夾在了兩輛公共汽車之間。
He got caught in a rainstorm on the way home.在回家的路上他遇到了暴風(fēng)雨。
3. work on 從事于，致力于(P26L11)
He began working on the book in 1998.他是1998年開始寫這本書的。
The scientists are still working on inventing new methods of reaching outer spaces.
科學(xué)家們正在研究到達(dá)外層空間的新途徑。
Some pills work on the nerves and make people more relaxed.
有些藥對神經(jīng)產(chǎn)生作用，使人感到更加輕松。
work out 算出，解決，鍛煉
4．Whichever way I look at it, I’ll never be really good at anything unless I quit doing everything else.(P26 17)
Whichever ①any that
Take whichever seat you like.坐你喜歡的位子。
②no matter which
It has the same result, whichever way you do it.無論你用哪種方法做，結(jié)果都是一樣的。
( D )_________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.
A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever
5. I wish I knew what to do.我希望我知道該怎么做。(P26L20)
wish后跟賓語從句，表示與事實相反的情況，要用虛擬語氣。
I wish I were rich _..我希望我很富有。
He wished he hadn’t gone to the party last night..他希望昨天晚上沒有去晚會。
wish to do
We wish to go to the island.我們希望去那個島。
wish sb to do sth
I wish you to inform the manager at once.我希望你馬上告訴經(jīng)理。
wish sb+adj.
I wish him safe at home.我希望他安全到家。
6. look back on 回顧(P30L1)
look back on one’s childhood, one’s old days回顧小時候/過去的日子
They like to look back on those unforgettable years in the army.
他們喜歡回憶在部隊度過的難忘的歲月。
As we look back on the month we spent there, our hearts are filled with gratitude.
回想起我們在那里度過的一個月，我們心中充滿感激之情。
look back向后看（用于否定句）
After he won the first game, he never looked back..
他首次比賽取勝之后，便一發(fā)不可收拾。
look on 觀看，旁觀
Many people looked on as a man was fighting with a young woman.
當(dāng)一個男的與一個年輕女子打架時很多人在旁觀。
look on …as 把…看作…。
She is looked on as a servant in his home.在他家里她被看作是仆人。
7. All I had to do was go to school.(P30L11)
當(dāng)主語中含有do時，其表語如果是動詞不定式，則往往省略to.
All I had to do was enjoy my adolescence.我要做的就是享受我的青少年生活。
What I want to do is return the books to the library.我想做的是把書還給圖書館。
但All I wanted was to help him.
8. No one will be sad because humans will have learned to fix many of the problems that affect us now.(P31L38)
fix ①此處為“解決”“處理”
It’s not too late to fix the problem , although time is clearly getting short.
盡管時間已明顯變得很少，但還是來得及解決這個問題。
②決定，確定，歸罪于
Have you fixed a place for the meeting?你確定了開會的地點沒有？
Don’t fix all the blame on other people.不要將一切錯誤都?xì)w罪于別人。
We fixed on you to break the news to him.我們決定由你去把這個消息告訴他。
③fix sth on sb 注視，吸引
He fixed his eyes on me as I began to answer his questions.
當(dāng)我開始回答他的問題時，他的兩眼直盯著我。