8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period I & II Grammar Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1.To learn some new words.

2. To learn the use of the present perfect tense and time expressions with it.

3. To understand the difference between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense.

Teaching contents:

the present perfect tense and time expressions with it

Important points

The use of the perfect tense: have/ has +p.p.

Difficult points:

The use of the perfect tense: have/ has +p.p.

Teaching methods:

Task-based teaching method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step1.Teach the new words from P13 to P17.

Step2. Lead in the present perfect tense.

T: When did you have breakfast?

S: I had breakfast an hour ago.

T: He had breakfast an hour ago. He has had breakfast. (Bb)

T: Where did you study English last term?

S: We studied English in Shang Xin He Middle School.

T: Yes. You studied English in Shang Xin He Middle School. You have studied here for about two years.(Bb)

→我們用一般過去時談論過去發生的動作,但當過去發生的動作和現在有聯系有影響時,我們用現在完成時態.(Refer to P13)→Structure: have/has +V (過分)

Step 3. How we form the past participles of verbs P13 (Add the simple past forms)

Add: have---had---had hear---heard---heard buy---bought---bought

go---went---gone do---did----done eat---ate---eaten

forget---forgot---forgotten cut---cut---cut read---read---read

Step 4.Explain the use of the present perfect tense.

(一) 基本用法:

1. 到現在為止這段時間已發生的情況.動作從過去延續到現在.

eg. She has been ill for three days. (She’s been…)

We have learned 2,000 English words. (We’ve …)

2. 某個動作雖是過去發生,但其后果和影響及于現在.

eg. Thanks you. I’ve had my supper.(現在用不著吃)

Tom has seen the film.(對這部電影有所了解)

(二) 時間狀語: already, yet(否,疑), since, ever, never, just, before(句尾),for+時間段, recently

eg. She has already finished her work.

I have ever heard about it.

Step 5. Change the above sentence patterns to general questions, negative sentences and question the underlined parts.

Step 6. Make sentences P14 A1

Step 7. Compare the difference between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense.

現在完成時的特點是某一動作發生與現在有聯系,一般過去時則單純談過去發生的某一動作,不涉及對現在的影響.

e.g. Simon has lost his watch./ Simon lost his watch.

Have you bought a pen? / When did you buy the pen?

What did you have for lunch? / Have you had lunch?etc

注:句中有表示過去的時間狀語如yesterday, last week,…ago etc,不能用現在完成時.

Step 8.Chat time P11, A2

Step 9. Time expressions with the present perfect tense. P16. B

Tell students that present perfect tense must have a specific time when it is used. These time expressions include already, ever, for…, just, never, since…, yet, recently. Explain in Chinese ‘already, just, never通常用于have 或has后；而yet 和recently通常放句末。不過，有時already也能放句末。’

Step 10. Different forms of transport P17

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period III Comic strip & Welcome to the unit Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1 To introduce the concept of situations that started in the past and is continuing in the present

2 To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline and ordering information chronologically.

Teaching contents:

To introduce the present perfect tense and transport at different times

Important points

To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline and ordering information chronologically.

Difficult points:

To introduce the grammatical concept of the present perfect tense by focusing on a timeline and ordering information chronologically.

Teaching methods:

Communicative method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step 1: Dictate new words from “ past” to “since”.

Step 2: Review the present perfect tense

1) Translate some sentences (oral practice)

2) Correct mistakes

1 He has come back for two hours

2 Jimmy wrote to me since last week.

3 They got married since 10 years ago.

4 Kate has joined the league for three years.

5 We have never gone to Japan.

6 How long has he gone there? –Since last Friday.

7 He has written two books since he has worked here.

8 How long did you go to the USA? –Five years ago.

Step 3: Warm-up activities

1) Listen to the short dialogue and think about the following questions:

A What did Eddie do? Why?

B How has Eddie changed?

C How has Hobo changed?

2) Listen to the dialogue again and try to repeat after the tape

3) Read the dialogue together and understand the meaning of the dialogue.

Change some sentence patterns according to the dialogue

E.g.: I’ve eaten it ------ I haven’t eaten it.

----- Have you eaten it? Yes, I have /No, I haven’t.

4) Read it again and try to recite it.

Step 4: Welcome to the unit (P7)

1. A Transport at different times

Write the correct names under the pictures.

2. B Back to the past Complete the timeline.Make sentences according to the time table

E.g.: The taxi has been in service in Beijing since 1913/for 94 years. People in Beijing began to use the taxi in 1913.

Step 5 Practice

Finish exercises in Study English.

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period IV Reading (1) Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1 To recognize types of questions used in interviews.

2 To recognize extended answers to open questions.

3 To infer general meaning from title and context.

Teaching contents:

Text: Time have changed

Important points

1. The understanding of the reading

2. Some useful expressions

Difficult points:

1. The understanding of the reading

2. Some useful expressions

Teaching methods:

Task-based method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step 1: Dictate some past participles.

Step 2: Review the dialogue.

Step 3: Read the text and find the answer the following questions.

1) How long has Mr. Cheng known Sunshine Town?

2) When did Mr. Chen moved away from Sunshine River ? Why?

3) How has the place changed?

4) What was the problem when there was a shoe factory near Sun shine River?

5) How does he think about the life now?

Step 4: Do the exercise on page 6 C1 and correct the false statement.

Step 5: Learn the first half of the text and explain some useful expressions.

1 in fact. 實際上I thought this answer was right. In fact ,it’s wrong.

2 live together/there 一起生活 live on the fifth floor

3 get married to sb = marry sb . 與某人結婚。

e.g.: Tom got married to Mary last year =Tom married Mary last year.

They got married last year.

4 until 直到… not …until 直到…才

e.g. : He did his homework until 7 o’clock yesterday evening.

He didn’t do his homework until 7 o’clock yesterday evening.

5 change a lot

change v. 改變Our city has changed a lot .

change n. 變化，零錢Great changes have taken place in our city .

( the changes to Sunshine Town , the answer to…, the key to…the entrance to…)

6 turn…into…把…變成… turn into變成

e.g. The government turned the factory into a library three years ago.

Water turns into ice when it freezes.

The shop has turned into a hotel

Step 6 Listen to the tape and read the learned part of the text .

Step 7 Do the exercise on page 10 B

Match the words on the left with the meanings on the right.

Step 8 Practice

Finish exercises in Study English

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period V Reading (2) Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1 To grasp some useful expressions

2 To retell the main idea of the text

3 To understand the use of some words through the exercises.

Teaching contents:

Text: Time have changed

Important points

Alone & lonely

Difficult points:

Alone & lonely

Teaching methods:

Task-based method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step 1: review the first part of the text

a) important phrases

b) ask and answer according to the text

c) recite some part of the text

Step 2 learn the rest of the text

1) let students ask questions and find answers together.

2) useful expressions.

1 used to do/be ；過去常常做…/是…

e.g.: He used to be a teacher.

be/get used to doing…現在習慣于做…

e.g.: He is used to having noodles for breakfast.

2 pleasant :指環境，地方，行程的舒適愉快。多用于修飾事物。

e.g.: The weather is usually pleasant here in May. The trip is pleasant.

pleased :指感到愉快。通常描述人。

be pleased with…

e.g.: I’m pleased with your work. The teacher is pleased with us.

同根詞---pleasure. With pleasure. / It’s my pleasure.

3 lonely adj.指人，表示寂寞孤獨，指物，表示荒涼，無人居住的

e.g.: He feels lonely without friends. / This is a lonely house.

alone adj./adv. 獨自的（地） He lives alone .

4 from time to time =sometimes=at times

5 It’s adj ( for sb) to do---- It’s nice to have open space It’s interesting for us to fly kites. It has become more difficult to see my old friends

6.way

1) 方面，方式，方法。 in this way /that/another way

in some ways 在某些方面，在某種程度上

a new way of teaching 一種新的教法。

2） 路 on one’s way to--- on his way to school

by the way 順便問一下

Step 3 Finish the exercises on page 11C2 and D .

Step 4 Practice

Finish exercises in Study English

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period VI Vocabulary Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1. To develop an understanding of opposites.

2. To use appropriate adjectives in context to express positive and negative meanings.

Teaching contents:

Vocabulary---opposites

Important points

Opposites

Difficult points:

Opposites

Teaching methods:

Method of Brainstorm Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step1.Review the opposites

1.Ask the students to give the opposites orally (P12)

2.Explain:

easy---difficult/hard expensive---cheap/inexpensive

happy---sad/unhappy like---dislike(v.)/unlike(prep.)

3. Review the prefixes and suffixes (give more examples besides the ones in the book)

un- unhappy

friendly- able- popular-

welcome- fit- tidy-

clear- safe- comfortable -

dis- disappear

honest- agree-

in- infamous

im-impossible

ir- irregular

-less helpful---helpless

useful- careful-

4. Give more opposites

first---last love---hate noisy---quiet

day---night beginning---end rich---poor

big---small interesting---boring short---long/tall

Step2.Correct the mistakes in Millie’s e-file

Step3.Exercises

1.They ____(be) in New York for seven years. They ____(move) there in 1998.

2. If it ___(be) fine tomorrow, we ___(go) for a picnic.

3. Mr Green ___(teach) English in this city since he ___(come) here in 1995.

4. ___ you ever ___(make) a ship? Yes, I ___(make) one last year.

5. It ___(be) a small village in the past. But things ___(change) a lot over the years.

6. It’s nice ___(have) a pretty garden. We enjoy ___(play) there.

7. I’m afraid I ___ (miss) the meeting. It ___(begin) an hour ago .It ___for half an hour already.

8. He ___(finish) his homework. Now he ___(have) a rest.

Step 4 Practice

Finish exercises in Study English

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period VII Integrated skills Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1. To listen for details about changes to Starlight Town.

2. To focus on general meaning by identifying specific details in pictures and general context.

3. To understand and respond to factual information presented in written and oral forms.

4.To respond to information obtained from listening by completing a diary.

Teaching contents:

Changes to Starlight Town and changes in our own lives

Important points

Four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing

Difficult points:

The listening part

Teaching methods:

Listening & speaking method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step1. Revision

1. Review and dictate some past participles.

2. Review the opposites.

3. Check homework.

Step2. Listening

1. Talk about Daniel and Simon’s history project.

2. Compare the two pictures in P18 A1

3. Listen:

①.Listen to get a general understanding of the conversation

②.Listen to complete the sentences in Part A

③.Listen to check by themselves

4. Check the answers

Step3.Complete the diary in A2

1. Complete and check

2. Note:

① lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth.

② There have been many changes to this place.

=This place has changed a lot.

=Great changes have taken place in Hong Kong.

eg. There have been a park near here for four years.

③ be in service = be in use

④ travel to and from town

= go into and out of the town

⑤ over the years = during the years

⑥ see the changes myself

= see the changes on my own

= see the changes by myself

3. Read the diary

Step4 Speak up: talking about changes in your life

1. Read “speak up” part and answer the questions.

Questions:

1) How did Millie go to school when she was in primary school?

Her mother took her to schoolDoes Millie’s mother still take her to school now?

No, she doesn’t.

3) How does Millie go to school now?

By bus on her own.

4) What does Millie enjoy doing after school?

She enjoys chatting with Sandy her and other friends.

5) Does Sandy think school life is really great?

Yes, she does.

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period VIII Speak up &Study skills Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1. To talk about past and present habits

2. To give information about changes over time

3. To become more familiar with the sequence of letters in the alphabet

4. To develop dictionary skills and recognize guide words

5. To use guide words to locate words in a dictionary

Teaching contents:

Speak up & Study skills

Important points

Make their own conversation

Difficult points:

Make their own conversation

Teaching methods:

Listening & speaking method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Revision

1. Dictation

2. Check homework

Step 2 Lead-in

1. How do you usually go to school? (on foot/ by bike)

2. How did you go to school when you were in primary school?

3. What do you often after class and after school?

Step 3 Speak up

1. Listen to the tape

1) Who took Millie to school before ?

2) How did Sandy go to school before.?

3) Does Millie like chatting with her friends ?

4) What do you think of your school life ?

2. Listen and repeat

3. Read and role-play

4. Ask Ss to think about changes in their lives

Primary school Secondary school

On foot with parents On foot on my own

Take me to school by bike By bike

5. New dialogue

6. Useful expressions

1.) when I was …

2.) since I started…

3.) How has/have …changed?

4.) on one’s won = by oneself = alone

5.) have more/ less free time

6.) have the same feeling/ way (as …)

7.) Do you agree (with sb)?

Step 4 Study skills ---using a dictionary

1. Ask Ss to call out “ A-Z” in order; one of them writes them on the Bb.

2. Tell them the rule to look up words in a dictionary.

3. Finish off the exercises

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection

宜興市萬石中學牛津英語初二備課組集體教案

8B Unit 1 Past and present

Period IX Main Task &Checkout Writer: Time:

Teaching Aims:

1. To describe two pictures explaining the differences between past and present situations .

2. To generate ideas to describe specific details shown in pictures .

3. To organize language and descriptions to write a comparison .

4. To select descriptive information to write a report .

5. To describe the changes to a place.

Teaching contents:

Main Task &Checkout

Important points

Writing

Difficult points:

Writing

Teaching methods:

Writing method Teaching Aids:

a projector; a multi-media computer system Notes

Teaching procedures:

Step1： Revision

1. Everyday English

2. Check homework

3. Finish off Checkout (the present perfect tense)

Step 2：Presentation

1.Do you still remember the changes to Moonlight Town. Let’s compare it’s past and present.

2. Some language points.

Step 3：Main task: Moonlight Town: Past and Present

1.Questions about Moonlight Town:

⑴ Where is Moonlight Town?

⑵ What did it use to be ?

⑶ Was it a good place for wildlife ?

⑷ How could people go to Moonlight Town before ?

⑸ How can people go to Moonlight Town now ?

⑹ Do you think the changes to it have brought benefits ?

⑺ Have the changes caused problems ?

2.Useful espressions

1.) no longer = not ..any longer

2.) bring many benefits

3.) cause many problems

Step4： Presentation (Changes to…)

How to write a report about changes to some places.（refer to P22）

Step5 : Writing

Ask students to look at the two given pictures (Jianye District in Nanjing)

Step6: Checkout

1. Complete Part A in page 23.

2. Check the answers.

3. Complete Part B in Page 23.

4. Check the answers.

Homework

Blackboard design

After-class-reflection