Word study
1.puzzle n. 智力測(cè)試，難題，另人費(fèi)解的人或事
vt.使迷惑不解
Their reason for doing this is still a puzzle to me.
對(duì)于他們?yōu)槭裁匆龃耸挛胰匀荒涿?/p>
His recent behavior puzzles me.他最近的行為令我迷惑不解
I’m puzzled about this situation.
They are puzzled (about) what to do next.
他們對(duì)接下來該做什么感到迷惑不解
adj. 令人困惑不解的 adj. 困惑的，茫然的
2.step up:
⑴ John waited until the teacher had finished speaking to Mary, and then he stepped up. 走上前來
⑵ The factory stepped up the production. 加快，加速
(3) Their social position had been much stepped up.加強(qiáng)，增加
step n. take a step forward/ back 向前走，向后走
take steps(action, measures) to do sth采取步驟、行動(dòng)、措施做某事
mind/ watch your step謹(jǐn)慎的說話，做事
step by step 一步步，逐漸地
3．search vt.
search sth/sb.
search for sth.
search sp./sb. for sth
in search of 找尋 （引起狀語）
⑴ They searched every part of the forest.他們搜遍了樹林的每一個(gè)角落
⑵ The policeman searched the prisoner to see if he had a gun.
警察給囚犯搜身看他是否攜帶了槍。
⑶ I must search for that lost money until I find it.
我一定要尋找丟失的錢直到找到為止
⑷ The police searched the city for the thief.警察搜索城市尋找小偷
⑸ They started at once in search of the missing girl.
他們立刻出發(fā)去尋找丟失的女孩
5. show up = appear, turn up
⑴ Did everyone you invited show up? 到場(chǎng)，出現(xiàn)，到達(dá)
⑵ White shows up against a blue background. （使）明顯，使顯現(xiàn)，顯示出來
⑶ His speech showed him up as a selfish man. 揭發(fā)，暴露
拓展：show around / round 帶（某人）參觀（某地）
show in 領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)來
show off 賣弄，炫耀
show out 把某人送到門口，送某人出去
(4) Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.
(5) When I am free, I will show you around my school.
on show/ display/ exhibit 在展覽
6. witness n/v
(1). He witnessed the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.
(2) 誰目擊了這場(chǎng)車禍。Who witnessed he accident.
(3) I was a witness to their quarrel.
7．a(chǎn)ccording to 根據(jù)…（所說），按照，隨著+ 名詞/代詞 作賓語
According to the TV , it will be fine today.據(jù)電視報(bào)道，今天天晴
According to Tom, Jane got married last month.據(jù)Tom說，Jane上個(gè)月結(jié)婚了。
I′ll do it according to your instructions. 照你的指示去做
8. research vt./ n. research (into/on) sth.
do/ carry out /make (a) research into/ on 對(duì)。。。 進(jìn)行研究
He has done a good deal of research on that subject.
對(duì)那個(gè)學(xué)科他做了很多的研究
They are carrying out a research into the cause of cancer.
They are researching (into)the cause of the cancer他們正在研究癌癥的原因
9．rule out 把…排除在外，不考慮
We mustn’t rule out the possibility of bad weather.
我們不能不考慮遇到壞天氣的可能性。
10. possible adj. possibly adv possibility n.
a). It is possible that -------
他也許會(huì)及時(shí)來這里It is possible that he’ll come in time.
b). There is possibility of doing sth/that------
There is no possibility that the train will arrive late.__________________
Is there any possibility of our getting there in time. 我們有可能及時(shí)到那里嗎
11． look into ⑴向…里面看 ⑵ 調(diào)查，觀察，= research into/on
⑴He looked into the hole in the wall.
⑵The police are looking into the cause of the traffic.
look out ____小心_______
look through __瀏覽______
look on…as ___把。。。看作 (= consider/count …as)
look up ___查閱_______ look forward to sth. /doing ___期待__
①I _look on____ him _as____my best friend.
②_Look out____! The car is coming!
③__Look up_______ the word in the dictionary.
④Everyone is _looking forward to____ the festival.
12.make up
⑴She made up her face to look prettier. __化妝________
⑵The boy made up a story; it was not true. __編造___________
⑶make up the bed for our guest ____給客人鋪床_________________
⑷30 boys and girls make up our class _____組成___________
⑸ Hard work can make up for a lack of intelligence(聰明，才智). 彌補(bǔ)
(6)Why don’t you make up with him? 和好
13.case ⑴情況 （C） ⑵案子，案件 （C）
⑴Take my case for an example ____以我的情況為例_____________________
⑵_The police is looking into the case. 警察正在調(diào)查這個(gè)案件
14. ⑴ lately adv. 最近地，近來，常用完成時(shí)態(tài)= recently
⑵ late adj. 晚的，遲的，接近末期
late last month /year 上個(gè)月/去年晚些時(shí)候
⑶ later adv. 之后，稍后，與時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)放在其后
⑷ latest adj. 最近的 最新的
(5) latter adj. 后面的，較后的 與the 連用表“后者”與the former 相對(duì)應(yīng)
(6) later on 后來
①Has J.K. Rowling been writing her next Harry Potter _lately___?
②Bush visited Africa ___late__ last year.
③Everyone wants to see the _latest_ news. Nobody is interested in yesterday’s newspaper.
④Three years _later__, Tom graduated from Harvard University as a doctor.
⑤ Later on he got a job as a clerk at a bank
⑥ Sooner or later he will know the truth.
⑦ John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer.
15. similar adj. 相似的，類似的
We have similar taste in music. 在音樂方面我和他有相似的品位
be similar to sb./sth. 與某人/物相似的
The dress she bought is similar to mine.___她買的裙子和我的相似__
16. run after
If you run after two hares, you’ll catch neither.
［諺］同時(shí)追趕兩只兔子，一只也捉不到；腳踏兩頭船，必定落空
run across /into /out of/over/out
1). Today I ran across/into an old friend on the street.
2). I’m running out of money but still haven’t have found a job.
3) She ran over her notes before giving the lecture.
4). Tom lost control of his car and ran into a tree.
5). The petrol is running out
be after想得到，尋求/ go after追逐/ look after照顧照料/ take after長(zhǎng)得像，性格上像
1). She is after a job in publishing.
2). The dogs went after the wounded deer.
3). She has been looking after the baby all the afternoon.
4). The boy takes after/looks after his father.
17. support vt. n. 支撐，支持，供養(yǎng)，維持
⑴He was weak with hunger , so I had to support him. ___攙扶/支撐____
⑵The American public stopped supporting the Iraq War. __支持/贊同____
⑶A scientist has to do lots of experiments to support his theory.
作為一個(gè)科學(xué)家需要做很多的實(shí)驗(yàn)來支持自己的理論
⑷As we grow older, we don’t need anyone to support us. ___供養(yǎng)_____
18. exist v. existence n.
There exists a big apple tree at the entrance to the valley.
在山谷的入口處有個(gè)大的蘋果樹
Problems also exist in education. 在教育領(lǐng)域也存在問題
The elephant is the largest animal in existence.
When did the world come into existence?
Module 2 unit 1 language points for reading
1.talk about aliens and conduct an interview
①conduct=lead or guide 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、指導(dǎo)、引導(dǎo)
高小姐領(lǐng)著游客們參觀了博物館. Miss Gao conducted the visitors round the museum.
②conduct管理、主持、經(jīng)營(yíng)、指揮
conduct business 經(jīng)營(yíng)生意 conduct a meeting 主持會(huì)議
conduct a survey 進(jìn)行一項(xiàng)調(diào)查
他處理公事很粗心. He conducts his business affairs in a careless way.
2.…full of mysteries unsolved 充滿難以解釋的神秘
無法解釋的unexplained 未知的 unknown 未完成的unfinished
3.advanced science and technology
advanced adj. ①（文明,思想等）先進(jìn)的,進(jìn)步的 ②（學(xué)問等）高級(jí)的
advanced teaching methods 先進(jìn)的教學(xué)方法
advanced ideas 先進(jìn)的思想
the advanced education 高等教育
advanced mathematics 高等數(shù)學(xué)
in advance adv. 預(yù)先,事先 事先制定計(jì)劃
預(yù)知未來的發(fā)生是不可能的。
It is impossible to know in advance what will happen.
4.a sunken ship
sink-sank-sunken sunken adj. 已經(jīng)沉沒了的 sinking adj. 正在下沉的
比較：They tried in every way possible to rescue the sinking boat.
They tried to bring the sunken ship out of the sea.
又如：the rising sun the risen sun the falling leaves the fallen leaves
Last night, his house was destroyed by a fallen (fall)tree.
5.You might run into a Yeti.
①偶然遇見=run across =come across=happen to meet sb.=meet sb. by chance
②撞③跑進(jìn)④流入
Guess whom I ran into today!遇見
He ran into the back of another car the other day.撞
We saw the boy run into the house.跑進(jìn)
The river runs into a lake.流入
6.That’s why … 那就是為什么......,那就是......的原因
那就是它為什么被稱為“不明飛行物”. That is why it is called a UFO .
That’s because… 那是因?yàn)?.....
他今天不在,那是因?yàn)樗×?
He is absent today. That’s because he is ill.
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through.
7. The reason for (doing) sth. / why
The reason for building the pyramids in Egypt is still unknown.
=The reason why people built the pyramids in Egypt is still unknown.
The reason why he was ill was drinking the polluted water.
=The reason for his illness was drinking the polluted water.
For what reason was he late again?= Why was he late again?
reason n. reasonable adj.合理的 unreasonable adj.不合理的
8.believe in unexplained things
believe in 信任 believe相信某人的話
We usually believe him , but this doesn’t mean we always believe in him.
10.Boy missing, police puzzled.男孩失蹤,警察迷惑.
= A boy went missing, and the police were puzzled.
missing 和puzzled分別為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作表語.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語和主語之間往往是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示主語的性質(zhì)；過去分詞作表語和主語之間往往是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,表示主語所處的狀態(tài) .
The news was exciting and the students were all excited at it.
消息很激動(dòng)人心,所以聽到這個(gè)消息學(xué)生們都很激動(dòng).
His shouting was frightening and the boys felt frightened.
他大吼一聲把那些男孩都嚇住了.
11. Police in America have stepped up their search for a fifteen-year-old boy who went missing .Page 2,lines(1-4)
go missing=go lost : go 作聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞,變成某種狀態(tài)（通常指不好的狀態(tài)）
如:go mad (發(fā)瘋) go wrong (出故障) go bad (變質(zhì))
His hair went grey (變得花白)after his son’s death.
夏天牛奶很容易變質(zhì). In summer milk can go bad easily.
12.People have shown great interest in his disappearance due to sightings of puzzling lights in the sky （天空中出現(xiàn)了讓人迷惑不解的亮光）and reports of alien visits around the time of his disappearance.（在他失蹤前后）. Page 2, lines(4-7)
本句中“due to…disappearance”作原因狀語,due to后接了由and 連接的兩個(gè)并列賓語.
appear vi. appearance n. disappear vi disappearance n
have an/no interest in take（no）interest in feel no/much interest in 對(duì)……有/無興趣
develop (one’s) interest in 培養(yǎng)對(duì)……的興趣
lose interest (in) （對(duì)……）失去興趣
13.At first , Justin’s mother, who went to sleep early that evening because of a headache, thought that the teenager was spending the night with a friend. Page 2 lines(13-20)
這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜句,句中who went to sleep early that evening because of a headache作Justin’s mother的定語,而that the teenager was spending the night with a friend則是一個(gè)賓語從句.
14.Mr. Foster , who was working that night, was surprised that his son did not tell everyone that he was staying out late. Page 2 lines(20-22)
這是一個(gè)含有三個(gè)從句的復(fù)雜句,who was working that night是定語從句,that his son did not tell everyone是賓語從句,that he was staying out late也是一個(gè)賓語從句.
15.However , police found that Justin did in fact return on Friday night about 11p.m. Page 2 lines(27-29)
他確實(shí)喜歡流行音樂.He does enjoy listening to pop music.
請(qǐng)?jiān)俸缺Х劝?Do have another glass of coffee.
16.Witness also say they saw Justin walking towards his home at 10.45p.m. Page 2 lines(31-33)
see sb. do/ doing sth.
我拉開窗簾看見一個(gè)巨大的宇宙飛船正在外面飛行.
I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside.
我看見他進(jìn)了那家飯店. I saw him go into the restaurant.
有人看見他一小時(shí)前離開了. He was seen to leave an hour ago.
see sb. /sth. done
I’m very glad to see my son taken good care of in the nursery.
看到兒子在托兒所受到很好的照顧我很高興.
The missing boy was seen playing (play)near the East lake.
相同用法的詞：watch, look at, hear, listen to , notice, find, feel ,smell等等.
I smell sth.burning(burn) in the kitchen.
I heard him put on his favorite CD.
①穿上, 戴上
Why don’t you put on the dark grey suit today? 今天你為什么不穿那套深灰色的衣服？
②上演, 演出, 展出
A play written by Shakespeare was put on successfully at the theatre.
一出莎士比亞寫的戲在劇院成功地上演了.
17. Standing inside were lots of white-skinned, strange-looking creatures with large black eyes. Page 3,lines(50-53) (這是一個(gè)倒裝句)
=Lots of white-skinned, strange-looking creatures with large black eyes were standing inside.
①倒裝句,結(jié)構(gòu)是：doing+ be+ subj.
Standing over there was a girl.
Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.
那個(gè)湖周圍種著各種各樣的樹. Growing around the lake are trees of different kinds.
Only when taken according to the direction will the medicine work well .
18.Police have not ruled out the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens, but are also looking into other possibilities. Page 3,lines(73-75)
本句中but前后為并列成分,that Justin was taken by aliens做the possibility的同位語, 是一個(gè)同位語從句.
The news that he had been killed surprised me.
We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.
19.We will not give up until we find convincing evidence. Page 3,lines( 80-82)
convince vt.使信服；說服（后接名詞、代詞、或從句）
convinced adj . 被確信的；堅(jiān)信不移的；被說服的
convincing adj . 有說服力的;令人信服的
誰也沒能說服他. Nobody could convince him.
All this convinced me that he was innocent(清白無辜的)
這些都使我相信他是清白無辜的.
注：convince+n./pron.+of… (使某人相信某事)
但我們沒能使他相信他是錯(cuò)的.
But we failed to convince him of his mistake.
What convinced you of this. 什么使你相信這一點(diǎn)的呢.
That’s a convincing argument.這是一個(gè)有說服力的論點(diǎn).
他的分析是那么令人信服.His analyses were always so convincing.
I’m convinced what you said is quite right.我相信你說的是對(duì)的.
20.I wonder where …. (P5)
①vt. 想知道,不知道,納悶I wonder what you call these flowers.
② 感到奇怪,驚奇 feel surprised
外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)人所取得的成就感到吃驚.
The foreigners wondered the progress made by the Chinese people .
③ I wonder if +從句
我想知道我能否用你的電話. I wonder if I could use your telephone.
④ U 驚奇C 奇跡,奇觀
It’s a wonder that he didn’t lose his way in the forest.他沒有在森林里迷路很驚奇.
The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world.中國(guó)的長(zhǎng)城是世界奇跡之一.
21. since conj. 因?yàn)椋捎冢粡摹院螅浴詠恚?/p>
我想既然到了這里，就不妨順便看看他們。
I think that since we come here, we might as well drop in on them.
It is already 3 years since she became a teacher. 她已經(jīng)當(dāng)了三年的老師了.
It is already 3 years since she was a teacher. 她不當(dāng)教師已經(jīng)有三年了.
Phrases in Unit 1
Welcome to Reading
1. a missing boy; a lost boy 一個(gè)失蹤的男孩
2. conduct/carry out/make an interview 進(jìn)行采訪
3. be full of unsolved mysteries 充滿未解之迷
4. today’s advanced science and technology 當(dāng)今先進(jìn)的科技
5. run into sth/sb =come across sth/sb偶然遇見
6. believe in the existence of aliens 相信外星人的存在
7. step up the research 加速研究
8. show interest in=show an interest in 對(duì)…感興趣
9. go to sleep early/late 早睡/晚睡
10. stay out late 在外面呆得很晚
11. show up=turn up 出現(xiàn)
12. put on his favorite CD播放他最喜愛的CD
13. strange-looking creatures 樣貌奇怪的生物
14. do/make research on sb.對(duì)…進(jìn)行研究
15. rule out the possibility that+句子/of sth 排除…的可能性
16. look into…調(diào)查
17. make up a story/an excuse/a lie/ a dialogue 編造
18. take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
19. find convincing evidence 找到令人信服的證據(jù)
20. according to 根據(jù)
21. make much progress 取得很大進(jìn)步
22. be disappointed with sb; be disappointed at/about sth. 對(duì)…感到失望
23. search for other witnesses 尋找其他目擊證人
Word Power to Grammar
1. begin with 從…開始
2. carry out outer space explorations 進(jìn)行外太空探險(xiǎn)
3. launch sth into space 把…發(fā)射到太空
4. the first human to travel in space 第一個(gè)太空旅行者
5. so far=up to now直到現(xiàn)在
6. go on to do; 接著做另一事go on doing;繼續(xù)做原來的事 go on with 繼續(xù)某事
7. dream of doing sth 夢(mèng)想做某事
8. come true 夢(mèng)想等的實(shí)現(xiàn)
9. look like an aero-plane看起來象一架飛機(jī)
10. separate from 從…分離
11. pick them up把它們拾起; pick up some English學(xué)得一些英語; pick up the news收聽新聞
12. take off their spacesuits;脫下航空服 (a plane)take off起飛; take a day off;休假一天
13. the solar system 太陽系
14. be connected to 與相關(guān)
15. many sunken ships許多沉船
16. chat in an internet chat room在網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天室聊天
17. take the underground 乘地鐵
Task：
1. conduct a survey制作問卷調(diào)查
2. at a time;一次 at one time;曾經(jīng) at times; 有時(shí)at no time;決不 in no time立即
3. divide…into;把…分成… separate …from…把…和…分開
4. avoid doing sth/sth 避免做
5. follow a rule 遵循規(guī)則
6. point out 指出
7. go shopping at Smith’s 在Smith店買東西
8. buy a new top 買一件外套
9. inappropriate questions 不恰當(dāng)?shù)膯栴}
10. in the last/past few months 在過去的幾個(gè)月里
11. greet sb in an appropriate manner 恰當(dāng)?shù)貑柡蚰橙?/p>
12. in return 作為回應(yīng)
13. shake hands with 和…握手
14. intend to do; be intended for; had intended to do=intended to have done打算做但沒做
15. be included in the next issue 包含在下一期
16. ask questions in an order 一某一次序問問題
17. a number of questions;許多 the number of …的數(shù)目
18. draw a conclusion; come to a conclusion得出結(jié)論
19. arouse the students’ interest in doing…引起學(xué)生們做某事的興趣
20. take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做…
21. the most popular activity最受歡迎的活動(dòng)
22. be willing to do 甘心做
23. make recommendations 提出建議
Project：
1. in a remote area 在偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)
2. a man-like creature 一個(gè)長(zhǎng)得象人的生物
3. run after 追趕
4. on average 平均
5. play a joke on sb 開某人玩笑
6. run with amazing speed and strength 以驚人的速度和體力奔跑
7. one of the few pieces of hard evidence supporting the existence of Yeti
8. make its way to…
9. be six feet tall with huge shoulders 六英尺高，寬大的肩膀
10. live on 繼續(xù)存活 11. solve the mystery 解迷
12. exist ---沒有被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) 13. see sth with one’s own eyes 親眼所見
14. leave out 刪除 15. a description of sth 對(duì)…的描述