Unit2 雙基默寫
一、 重點(diǎn)單詞
1. 詞匯
2. 現(xiàn)今，如今
3. 官方的，正式的
4. 因素，要素
5. 貼換，代替
6. 沖擊，碰撞
7. 飼養(yǎng)
8. 階級
9. 采用
10. 場合
11. 現(xiàn)代的
12. 發(fā)音（名）
13. 過程，進(jìn)程
14. 記錄
15. 意見不一
16. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
17. 詞組，短語
18. 部門
19. 禁止，取締
20. 代表
21. 象征
22. 方向
23. 相反
24. invade
25. context
26. racial
27. numerous
28. combine
29. physical
30. square
31. simplify
32. complex
33. originally
34. peak
35. reflect
36. element
37. indicate
二、 重點(diǎn)短語
1. 繞圈飛行
2. 將…與…混合
3. 導(dǎo)致，促成
4. 控制
5. 被…取代
6. 對…有影響
7. 做傭人
8. 母語
9. 經(jīng)歷巨大變化
10. 從廣義上講
11. 丟臉
12. 最廣泛使用的國際語言
13. 和某人交談
14. 夢想做某事
15. 為…制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
16. 曾經(jīng)
17. 預(yù)期，由于
18. 占據(jù)，拿起
19. 切題
20. 取笑某人
21. 搖頭
22. 有可能
23. 做錯事
24. 拒絕接受這個想法
25. 再在某方面與…不同
26. 做某事有困難
27. 總體上
28. 拿起，撿起
29. 集中精力于
30. 隨著時間的推移
Unit2
基礎(chǔ)知識復(fù)習(xí)提綱
一、.重點(diǎn)短語
1. 代表 stand for
2. 繞圈飛行 fly in circles
3. 手語 sign language
4. 由…組成 be made up of
consist of
5. 將…與…混合mix…with…
6. 與…相似 be similar to
7. 導(dǎo)致，促成contribute to
result in
8. 控制 take control of
9. 被…取代 be replaced by/with
10. 對…有影響 have an impact on
11. 做傭人 work as a servant
12. 母語 mother tongue
13. 經(jīng)歷巨大變化 undergo huge changes
14. 從廣義上講 in its broad sense
15. 相當(dāng)多 quite a few
16. 丟臉 lose face
17. 最廣泛使用的國際語言
the most widely used international language
18. 把…考慮在內(nèi) take…into consideration
19. 立刻，馬上 right away
20. 和某人交談 have a word with sb.
21. 夢想做某事 dream of doing sth.
22. 查詢，查找 look up
23. 如果…的話，那該怎么辦？ What if
24. 浪費(fèi)時間 a waste of time
25. 為…制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn) set a standard for
26. 關(guān)心，在乎 care about
27. 曾經(jīng) at one time
28. 預(yù)期，由于due to
29. 占據(jù)，拿起 take up
30. 切題 get to the point
31. 取笑某人 make fun of sb.
32. 搖頭 shake one’s head
33. 有可能 be likely to
34. 做錯事 do something wrong
35. 拒絕接受這個想法 refuse to accept the idea
36. 再在某方面與…不同 differ from…in…
37. 因?yàn)?in that
38. 總體上 as a whole, on the whole
39. 依賴，取決于 depend on
40. 拿起，撿起 lift up/pick up
41. 隨著時間的推移 over time
42. 集中精力于concentrate/focus on
43. 做某事有困難 have difficulty in doing sth.
二、重點(diǎn)句子
1.That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.
2.The English language is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.
3.The language they created is what we now called Old English.
4.The question of whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.
5.If a person from the south of England goes to the north, he or she may find it difficult to understand what people there are saying.
6.It is certain that this process will continue, and people keep inventing new words of saying things.
7. The Chinese language differs from many western languages in that it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.
8. Not all characters are used to describe objects.
9.When you are late for a meeting, there is no need to say sorry.
10. There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.
三、重點(diǎn)單詞
1.sense
a.表示生理上的“感覺”，可數(shù)
試譯：我的聽覺不如從前了。
My sense of hearing is not as good as it used to be.
b.表示心理上的“感覺”，后接of或that從句。
例如：I don’t know why, but I had this sense that someone was in the room with me.
sense of humor(sfaty,beauty,music,hunger)
c.表示“意義”，“意思”
例如：The word has several senses.
試譯：這個句子的意思很難理解。
The sense of the sentence is hard to understand.
d. make sense 有意義，講得通，有道理。
試譯：這個句子不通。The sentence doesn’t make sense.
Can you make sense of what he says?你明白他的意思嗎？
e. in a sense在某種意思上
例如：I think he may be right in a sense.我認(rèn)為在某種意義上他是正確的。
f.There is no sense in…沒有道理，沒有好處
例如：There is no sense in going by boat when the plane is just as cheap and much quicker.
坐船去是沒有理由的，因?yàn)樽w機(jī)也一樣便宜而且快得多。
g.用作動詞，表示“感覺到”，“意識到“。
試譯：他感覺到家里出事了。He sensed that something had happened to his family.
The horse sensed danger and stopped.馬感覺到危險就停了下來。
2.opposite
the opposite of heavy 重的反義詞
the house opposite 對面的房子
be opposite to…在…對面；與…相反
opposite the school 在學(xué)校對面
on the opposite side of the road 在馬路對面
----Excuse me, Could you tell me the way to the bus station?
---Go north down the third street and you will find the bus station on your left hand, just_________ to the bank.
A.oppose B.opposite C. opposed D.nearly
3.certain
a.表示“一定”，“確信”，通常作表語：
be certain to do sth. He is certain (_=___sure______) to succeed.
后接of或that, whether：
He is certain of passing the exam.
be sure about…
b.It is quite certain that…
試譯：他肯定會和這個護(hù)士結(jié)婚的。It is quite certain that he will marry the nurse.
He looks old for his age. It is _____ that he has ______ great hardship.
A. sure, experienced B. certain, undergone C. certain, suffering D. sure, suffered from
c.表示“某一”，“某些”，一般作定語。
例如：a certain Mr. Smith certain plants for a certain reason on certain conditions
d. for certain
I can’t say for certain when he will come.
e. make certain弄清楚，有把握
4despite
a.despite 表示“盡管”，為介詞，=in spite of…
__________ all the shortcomings you mentioned, he is a man to be depended on.
A. In spite B. Although C. As D. Despite
b.while
c.as
5.raise
a.常用的意思
raise sb. to feet 把某人扶起來
raise one’s voice 提高聲音
rasie money for 為…籌款
raise a question 提出問題
raise a family 養(yǎng)家糊口
. 試譯：他提高了嗓音是為了讓我們聽到他的聲音。He raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.
The worker was raised to a higher position because of his hard work.
這個工人因?yàn)榕ぷ鞅惶嵘礁叩穆毼弧?/p>
b.raise/rise/arise
raise表示“舉起”，“抬高”，及物動詞
rise(rose,risen)表示“升起，上升，起立，起床”，不及物
arise(arose,arisen) 表示“出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生”。arise from….
In recent years there have arisen traffic problems in big cities.
He _______early the next morning, finding the brook (小溪)_____one foot.
A.raised, raised B.rose, had raised C. had risen, risen D. rose, had risen
6.point
a. on the point of…正要....
I was just on the point of leaving ____when_______ he came in.
= I was ___about_____ _____to____ leave…
b. ___There_______ is no point in arguing with him.
c. 用于定語從句：
1. we have reached the point ____when_______we must make choice, or we will fail.
2. the accident had reached to a point _________where_______ both their parents are to be called in.
3. That was the very point _____that_____he stuck to.
d. to the point 切題，中肯 off /besides the point 不切題 freezing point 冰點(diǎn) a key point 要點(diǎn)
7.word
a. 短語
have a word with sb./have words with sb.
in a word/in other words
keep one’s word/break one’s word/eat one’s words
b.句型
Word came that he couldn’t come.
Word came of his success abroad.
8.if
What if…?
例如：如果他們拒絕我的想法，那該怎么辦呢？
Wht if he refused to accept my idea?
If only…
例如：If only I ____had had_____(have) a word with him yesterday.
Only if
Only if ____________out regularly ___________be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. do you work, you will B. you work, will you
C. will you work, you will D. you work, you will
If虛擬語氣
____were__ I you, I____would accept_____(accept) his advice.
If it_rained/were to rain/should rain____(rain) tomorrow, I would stay at home.
If I____had made____(make) preparations for the interview, I ___would be__(be) manager of the company now.
9.due to
The plane is due to leave at 7 o’clock.
He arrived late again because he was caught in an unexpected storm.
10.difficulty
with difficulty
without difficulty
have difficulty in doing sth,/have no difficulty in doing sth,
have difficulty with sth.
類似的結(jié)構(gòu)：
have trouble in doing sth.(with sth.)
have a hard time in doing sth.
試譯：因?yàn)橛羞@個小孩帶路，我們好不費(fèi)力地找到了這個地方。
With the little boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the place.
你能夠想象出我們解決這個問題的困難嗎？
Can you imagine the difficulty we have in dealing with the problem?
11.turn 的短語
turn down 調(diào)低，拒絕 turn in 上交 turn out 結(jié)果是，證明是，生產(chǎn)
turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)，移交 turn up出現(xiàn)，露面 turn on 打開
turn away 把…打發(fā)走 turn to 翻到… 向…求助 turn off 關(guān)閉
12.differ
differ from… differ in… be different from make a difference to…
make no difference tell the difference between A and B
13.contribute
contribute… to… 向…捐助/捐贈；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿
contribute to…促成，是…的成因之一(lead to, result in,bring about, cause…)
n.contribution, make contributions to…
四、詞性變化
1.confuse------confusing(令人迷惑的)-----confused(感到迷惑的)----confusion_(迷惑，n.)
2.Europe----______European__(歐洲的，歐洲人的)
3.creation---____create____(創(chuàng)造，v.)-----_creativity_(創(chuàng)造力)------_creative_(創(chuàng)新的,adj.)---創(chuàng)造者（creator）
4.develop---___development______(發(fā)展，n.)-----developing__不斷發(fā)展的__----developed____發(fā)達(dá)的_____
5.replace---_______relacement________(代替，n.)
6.pronounce----____pronunciation____(發(fā)音，n.)
7.promise---______promise____(諾言，n.)-----promising____有前途的___
8.access---_______accessible________(可得到的，可利用的，adj.)
9.differ---difference(不同點(diǎn)n.)----different(不同的) diffenently (不同地，adv.)
10.denpend---denpendence(依靠，依賴n.)---dependable(可靠的，可信賴的adj.)
五、單項(xiàng)選擇
1.The best way to do with your spare time is to________ you up. Being healthy is on your way.
A. bring B build C make D lift
2.It seemed that only John could _________ us with what we needed.
A depend on providing B be depended to provide
C be depended on to provide. D.be depended on providing
3.--Can you persuade him to take me along?
--__________ I’m not sure.
A it doesn’t matter B it all depends
C it is a piece of cake D that looks at things
4.It’s important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the ______ in language studies.
A situation B expression C condition D occasion
5.----I drove to Guangzhou for the painting show last week.
----Is that ______ you missed the match?
A where B which C what D why
6.________ the fact that she was very ill. She still went to work on time.
A Although B Despite of C In spite of D Because of
7.The clear sky_________fine weather. Let’s go swimming.
A.promises B.wants C.expects D. allows
8.It is not yet well understood _______ made the rainforest disappear year by year.
A what B which C that D how
9.Only insiders have ______ to this system Otherwise, no way.
A right B chance C access D occasion
10.---Thank you so much for the lovely evening, Jim. Mary and I had such a good time.
---You’re quite welcome John. _______. we’ve been looking forward to seeing you
A.We’re glad to meet you B. I’m afraid you didn’t have a good time
C.Just stay a little longer D.Thank you for coming
11.You cannot imagine how many difficulties we have______ these complex problems.
A to solve B solving C solved D been solving
1211.He’s now running his own research company.______,he works in a university.
A in fact B in addition C in reality D in truth
13.In 1492, Christopher Columbus arrived in _____ we now call America.
A .where B that C what D which
14.Coffee,_________ some sugar, will taste better.
A.mixed with B.added to C.stirred up D.dropped down
15.The news of Pakistan’s former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’ death________like wildfire.
A. extended B.spread C.stretched D. developed
16._______by his sudden appearance, I had no idea what to do with it.
A. Confusing B. Confused C.Confuse D.Confusion
17.---They say Philip’s brother is a billionaire.
---_________? Phillip wpuldn’t accept any help from his brother, even if it were offered.
A. What if B. What for C. So what D. For what
18.-It is getting late.I think I must be off now.
---__________.
A.Look out B. Take care C. Never mind D. That’s all right.
19.It was not ____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A when; that B until; that C until; when D when; then
20.Let’s get through the work quickly. ________ seems to be little time left now.
A It B There C That D They
21.He made _______ rapid progress that he did well in the exam.
A. such B. such a C. so D. so a
22.-It’s thirty years since we last met.
-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
23. We had a really a bad time about six months ago, but now things are__________.
A. looking up B. coming up C. making up D. turning up
24. The soldiers soon reached ______ was once an old temple ___ the villagers used as a school.
A. where; what B. what; which C. where; which D. what; where
25. Human beings are different from animals________they can use language as a tool to communicate.
A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which
26. ---You know I gave up the job as a bus driver and went to that little company.
---That is _______ you have made a mistake. That company is well managed.
A.what B. where C.why D.how
27.________he survived the earthquake is a miracle.
A. That B.It C.Whether D.／
28.There are signs_________reading class is becoming more and more popular with students.
A.which B.in which C.that D.when
六、句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.English is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.
The English language _consists__ of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.
2.Even today, where a person comes from will have effect on their style of speech.
Even today, where a person comes from will___affect/influence___ their style of speech.
3.Even though he was ill, he wasn’t absent from school..
_Despite___ the fact that he wall ill, he wasn’t absent from school.
4.It is difficult for me to solve the problem.
I have great ____difficulty______ in sloving the problem.
5.Looking up every new word will certainly a waste of time.
It will be a waste of time if you____consult____ the dictionary every time you meet a new word.
6.In Old English,the German way of making words plural was used, for example, house/housen and shoe/shoen
The examples were given to______prove/show______that German had great effect on the words plural of Old English.
7.He was injured in the game and another player took his place.
He was ____replaced_____ by another player because he was injured in the game.
8. You don’t need to say sorry to me if you are late for the meeting.
___There___ is no need to say sorry if you are late for the meeting.
六．句子翻譯
1.盡管在你的作文里有很多拼寫錯誤，但總的說來，它是很值得一讀的。
There are many spelling mistakes in your composition, but as a whole, it is well worth reading.
2.政府采用了新的方法來鼓勵更多的人領(lǐng)養(yǎng)無家可歸的孩子。（adopt）
The government has adopted new methods to encourage more people to adopt homeless children.
3.這部受學(xué)生歡迎的書由三部分組成，包括對于這本書的簡單介紹。（consist, include）
The book popular with students contains three parts, including a brief introduction to it.
4. 除了食物，你還應(yīng)該把旅行的費(fèi)用考慮進(jìn)去。（additon, consideration
In addition to food, you should also take the expenses of the trip into consideration.
5.一旦被中國人發(fā)明以后，紙張就在全世界被廣泛使用起來。
Once invented by Chinese people, paper was widely used all over the world.
6.昨晚上有一起車禍發(fā)生了，導(dǎo)致8人死亡，包括兩名兒童。
An accident happened last night, killing eight people, including two children.