Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.

Part 1: Teaching design (第一部分：教學設計)

Structures: used to

Target language:

Mario used to be short.

Yes, he did. Now he’s tall.

I used to eat candy all the time.

Did you?

Yes, I did. And I used to chew gum a lot.

Vocabulary: used to, dark, spider, insect

Learning strategies: Brainstorming Comparing

Section A

Goals

●To learn about the use of used to

●To talk about what you used to be like

Procedures

Warming up by learning “used to ”

Hi, everyone. Today we’re going to study Unit 2. Its title is I used to be afraid of the dark. In the title we find a phrase “used to ”. What does it mean? How is it used in English?

used to的用法

“used to加不定式”表示過去常常干某事，現在不在干了。

例如:

I used to go to work by bus. Now I take a taxi.

She used to be very shy.

“be used to doing”表示習慣于干某事。

【例如】

I am used to getting up early and going to bed early.

He is used to being praised by others.

So the sentence “I used to be afraid of the dark.” means in Chinese: 我過去常害怕黑暗。

注意“used to”的疑問形式和否定形式：

-Did you use to be afraid of the dark?

-Yes, I used to be afraid of the dark.

-Did he use to be afraid of the dark?

-No, he did not use to be afraid of the dark.

1a Filling in the chart

Next we are going to fill in the chart below with words to tell about people’s appearance and personality.

Appearance 外表 Personality個性

Tall Outgoing

Straight hair Funny

Beautiful Angry

Black Careful

Dirty Happy

Hungary Hard-working

Sad Strange

Tired Noisy

Now we are going to make sentences to tell about people’s appearances and personalities with the words in the chart.

A: Mario, you used to be tall, didn’t you?

B: No, I didn’t.

A: Wang Hua, you used to have straight hair, didn’t you?

B: Yes, I did.

A: Li Hui, you used to be beautiful, didn’t you?

B: No, I didn’t.

1b Listening and writing

Next you are going to listen to a conversation. In the conversation you will find that Bob is seeing some friends for the first time in four years. Listen and fill in the chart on page 10 with words telling about friends’ appearances and personalities. While listening, pay attention to the form of the sentences.

Tapecripts

Conversation 1

Boy1: Mario, is that you?

Boy2: Yeah it is. It’s Bob! Hey, guys, it’s Bob! I haven’t seen you in four years!

Boy1: Yeah. I’m here with my parents. We’re visiting for a couple of days. Wow, Mario, you look different! You used to be short, didn’t you?

Boy2: Yes, I did. Now I’m tall. And so are you!

Boy1: That’s true… And you used to wear glasses.

Boy2: You have a great memory. Now I wear contact lenses!

Conversation 2

Boy1: Hey, Amy, it’s great to see you.

Girl1: Hi, Bob. How are you

Boy1: Fine. Wow, you’ve changed!

Girl1: Really? How?

Boy1: Well, you used to have short hair.

Girl1: You remember that? Yes, I did.

Boy1: And you used to be really tall!

Girl1: Not any more. You’re taller than me now, Bob.

Conversation 3

Girl2: Hiya, Bob.

Boy1: Hi, Tina. You’ve changed too.

Girl2: Oh, yeah?

Boy1: You have blond hair!

Girl2: Yeah, it used to be red, didn’t it?

Boy1: And it’s straight!

Girl2: It used to be curly.

1c Dong pairwork

Look at the picture on page 10 and make more conversations.

A: Mario used to be tall.

B: Yes, he did. Now he’s tall.

A: Zhao Juan used to be black.

B: Yes, she did. Now she’s white.

A: Zhang Limei used to be sad.

B: Yes, she did. Now she’s happy.

A: Zhu Wenjun used to be dirty.

B: Yes, he did. Now he’s clean.

2a Listening and checking

Next turn to page 11 and we are going to listen to a tape and check the words we hear.

2b Listening and filling in the blanks

On page 11, listen for information to be filled in the blanks. Remember to pay attention to the form of the language while listening.

Tapescript

Girl1: Hey, Steve! Over here! Don’t you remember me?

Boy1: Oh, wow! You’re Paula, aren’t you?

Girl1：That’s right.

Boy1: But you used to be really quiet, didn’t you?

Girl1: Yes. I wasn’t very outgoing.

Boy1: No, you weren’t. But you were always friendly. Wait a minute! Did you use to play piano?

Girl1: Yes, I did. But now I’m more interested in sports. I play soccer and I’m on the swim team.

Boy1: Wow! People sure change.

Do pay attention to the form of the language while listening.

Tapescript

Girl1: My six-year-old brother started school this week.

Boy1: He’s really lucky. Life was great when I was six.

Girl1: Really? Why?

Boy1: Oh, schoolwork was really easy.

Girl1: Not for me. I didn’t use to like tests. Now I don’t worry about tests.

Boy1: And we used to play every day after school. Now we just study all the time.

Girl1: Yeah, but we used to walk to school. Now we have to take the bus.

Boy1: I remember one bad thing. I used to hate gym. Now I love gym class.

Girl1: Me, too.

2c Doing pairwork

Practice the conversation in activity 2b on page 11. Then make conversations about yourselves.

Girl: Hey, Tom! Over here! Don’t you remember me?

Boy: Oh, wow! You’re Paula, aren’t you?

Girl: That’s right.

Boy: You used to be really short, didn’t you?

Girl: Yeah, I wasn’t very tall .

Boy: No, you weren’t. But you were always busy.

Wait a minute! Did you use to play ping-pong ?

Girl: Yes, I did. But now I’m more interested in ping-pong.

I play basketball and I’m on the singing team.

Boy: Wow! People sure change.

Girl: Hey, Jack! Over here! Don’t you remember me?

Boy: Oh, wow! You’re Mary, aren’t you?

Girl: That’s right.

Boy: You used to be really happy, didn’t you?

Girl: Yeah, I wasn’t very sad .

Boy: No, you weren’t. But you were always excited.

Wait a minute! Did you use to cook the meals?

Girl: Yes, I did. But now I’m more interested in cooking the meals.

I sweep the floor and I’m on the housework team.

Boy: Wow! People sure change.

3a Talking and checking

On page 12 is a list of things people are usually afraid of. Put checks √ in the first two columns to mark the ones you used to be afraid of and the ones you are still afraid of.

Everyday is afraid

We all have fears from time to time. That's true no matter how big we are or brave we can be. Fear can even be good for you sometimes and even help you stay healthy. Fear of getting too close to a campfire may save you from a bad burn. And fear of getting a bad grade on a test may make you study more.

Being a bit on edge can also sharpen your senses and help you perform better in a recital or during a track meet. Some people even enjoy being a little scared. That's why they like to watch scary movies - or go on roller-coaster rides.

3b Doing pairwork

In pairs ask and answer questions as are shown (below) on page 12.

A: Did you use to be afraid of the dark?

B: Yes, I did.

A: Are you still afraid of the dark?

B: No, I’m not. How about you?

A: Me? Oh, yes! I’m terrified of the dark.

B: So, what do you do about it?

A: I go to sleep with my bedroom light on.

A: Did you use to be afraid of the examinations?

B: Yes, I did.

A: Are you still afraid of the examinations ?

B: No, I’m not. How about you?

A: Me? Oh, yes! I’m terrified of the examinations.

B: So, what do you do about it?

A: I make a good preparation before the examination.

4 Doing groupwork

What did you use to do when you were younger? What do you do now? Fill in the chart on page 12 and talk with your classmates about how you have changed.

Activity Past Now

eat … eat rice eat bread

Read… read stories read newspapers

watch …on TV watch news on TV watch movies n TV

Do… at school do homework at school do cleaning at school

Closing down by telling a past story

To end the period we shall have a fun activity by telling about our past beliefs.

I used to believe that if a burglar broke into your house you could easily persuade him to have a seat and wait while the police were called.

我過去以為，如果盜賊闖進你家，你可以輕而易舉地勸說他坐下并且等待報警。

Section B

Goals

●To talk and listen about past likings

●To Read about past life

Procedures

Warming up by reviewing “used to”

To start with we shall make a review of “used to.

used to do結構, 過去慣常, 以前習慣于We used to grow peanuts. 我們過去是種花生的。

verB: habitually do something (use only in the past tense) (Example: "She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally")

1a Checking and listing

Look at the pictures on page 13 and check the things you used to like when you were a child.

Taking a rest Taking photos together Dancing together

1b Doing pairwork

What other things did you like to do when you were a child? Write sentences in the box on page 13. Then discuss them with a partner.

I used to go to the gym class.

I used to paint pictures.

I used to attend the music class.

I used to study spiders and other insects.

I used to raise big dogs.

I used to fly in an airplane.

…

2a Listening and checking

You are going to listen and check on page 13 the sentences you hear.

2b Listening and filling

Now you are going to listen again and fill in the charts on page 13

2c Doing pairwork

You are going to compare yourself with your partner.

A: I used to eat candy all the time.

B: Yes, I did. And I used to chew gum a lot.

A: I used to study hard for a big test.

B: Yes, I did. And I used to do well on the last English test.

A: I used to make flashcards.

B: Yes, I did. And I used to study by listen to cassettes.

3a Reading and completing

Read the story on page 14 for the first time and divide the article into parts.

My biggest problem

My biggest problem is that/ I'm too busy. When I was young, I used to have so much time, but/ these days/ I get up early/ and stay in school/ all day. Then/ I go right home /and eat dinner. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time/ playing games/ with my friends, but/ I just don’t have the time/ anymore. In the evening, I used to watch TV/ or chat with my grandmother, but now/ I have to study. I love music, and my father used to take me to concerts. These days/ I hardly have time/ for concerts. I do my homework/ and go to bed. I really miss the old days.

Read the article the second time and underline all the useful expressions.

Read the article the third time and circle all the linking words.

Bow you are going to complete the chart on page 14 with information from the story read.

3b Completing the letter

Let’s go to page 14 and complete the letter using information from the chart in activity 2b.

How I’ve changed!

My life has changed a lot in the last few years. My daily life is different and I used to like different things when I was a child. For example, I used to like tests. Now, I don’t mind them. I used to hate gym. Now it’s my favorite class. I used to play basketball. Now, I just play the violin all the time. I used to run to school. Now, I have to take the bus.

3c Writing about changes in life

You are going to use the information in this unit to write about how your life has changed since primary school in your life.

Many changes have taken place in my life since primary school.

I used to live with my parents. Now I have to find time to visit them at weekends. I used to wear glasses. Now my eyes have become better. I can work without glasses.

I used to like short hair. Now, I don’t mind it.

I used to play piano. Now, it isn’t my favorite music instrument. I like playing violin very muchnow.

4a Asking and filling

When you are home talk to your parents and fill in the chart on page 14 to find out what your parents used to do when they were children and how it is different from what you do.

I… My parents used to…

Books I like reading the textbooks. My parents used to read newspapers.

Music I like playing violin. My parents used to play er’hu.

Sports I like watching football match on TV. My parents used to run on the playground in the morning.

Food I like eating rice. My parents used to have bread for lunch.

Favorite subject at school I like studying English at school. My parents used to study Chinese at school.

Favorite things I like computers. My parents used to be fond of bikes.

4b Doing groupwork

Now you shall talk with your classmates about your parents. Take notes of their life stories.

My parents used to take me on their back.

My parents used to hold me in their arms.

My father used to carry me on his bike.

My father used to help me with my English.

My father used to watch TV with me.

My father used to read me stories in English.

Closing down by learning a poem by heart

To end this period we shall learn a children’s poem about peace.

What is Peace?

Peace is a bird chirping

in the warm Spring sunshine.

A silver fish darting from one clump

of underwater weeds to another, in the cool spring water.

Peace is a butterfly flying in the wind,

against a soft blue sky of summer.

SELF CHECK

1. Fill in each blank with the correct word given. Change the form of the word if necessary. Then make your own sentences with each word.

miss, be afraid, used to, have to, worry about

1.I am afraid of the sea. I don’t know how to swim.

2.Don’t worry about things so much. It will make you stressed out.

3.Sorry, I can’t join you. I have to study for a test.

4.I really miss my friend Tina. She moved to another town.

5.I used to have short hair but now I grow it long. 1.I am afraid of being too busy.

2.I used to get up early and stay in school/ all day.

3.My little sister worries about eating dinner.

4.I have to spend a lot of time doing homework.

5.I miss my father. He used to take me to concerts.

6.I have to do my homework.

7.I really miss the old days.

2. Look at the pictures on page 15 and write about Yu Mei.

It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. She used to be short when she was younger, but now she is tall. She used to be alone, but now she has many good friends. I remember she used to play football, but now she likes playing tennis. She used to have short hair, but now she grows it long. She looks more beautiful than before.

Just for fun!

To end the period let’s sing a English song Its name is I will go with my father a-ploughing (我和我爹去耕田).

Reading: He used to cause a lot of trouble.

Before you read-please go over the vocabulary list for unit 2 on page 147.

While you read-read aloud to the recording of the text and underline all the useful expressions. Discuss your problems with your partner if you have any difficulties with the reading passage.

He used to cause a lot of trouble.

Martin Murray is a fifteen-year-old boy. He used to be a "problem child', but a recent conversation with his mother changed is life. He didn't use to give his mother many problems. However, after his father's death a few years ago, Martin’s life became much more difficult. His mother couldn’t afford to pay for her children's education. To do this, she had to work, and so was not often at home.

His mother looked after him as well as she could. Unfortunately, Martin still caused problems for himself and his family. He was not interested in studying, and he often got into trouble with the police. Luckily, his mother was very patient, and didn’t give up trying to help him. In the end, she made a difficult decision: to send him to a boys' boarding school. Martin hated it and used to cause a lot of trouble. One day, he told his teacher he wanted to leave the school. Even the teacher agreed that Martin was wasting his time.

The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. Martin called his mother, but to his surprise, this phone call changed his life. “It was exactly what I needed,” he said. “My mother helped me to understand how much she had given me. She also told me that even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do. That’s when I decided to change. I realize that since my father died, I have been afraid of being alone, and have tried to make my mother pay more attention to me.”

Now Martin has really changed. He has been working hard, and is now a top student in his class.

How was he able to change? His mother’s love helped him to feel good about himself, and as Martin himself says, “It’s very important for parents to be there for their children.”

After you read-copy all the underlined expressions into your notebook.

Expressions from He used to cause a lot of trouble.

a fifteen-year-old boy, a "problem child', a recent conversation with…, changed is life, give… many problems, after…’s death, a few years ago, become much more difficult, not afford to pay for…, not often at home, look after…, caused problems for…, not interested in studying, get into trouble with…, give up trying to help…, in the end, made a difficult decision, send…to a boys' boarding school, cause a lot of trouble, one day, leave the school, waste one’s time, talk with…, called…, to one’s surprise, change one’s life, be no longer with…, watch …, pride in…, be afraid of being alone, make… pay more attention to…, work hard, a top student in one’s class, feel good about…

Part 2: Teaching Resources(第二部分:教學資源)

I. List of simple adjectives

Able, Afraid, Bad, Big, Brave, Bright, Careful, Careless, Cheap, Clean, Clear, Clever, Cold, Comfortable, Cool, Close, Dangerous, Dark, Dead, Deep, Dirty, Dry, Difficult, Early, Easy, Empty, Exciting, Expensive, Fair, Famous, Far, Fast, Fat, Free, Fresh, Fine, Flat, Full, Funny, Good, Great, Happy, Hard, Healthy, Heavy, High, Hot, Hungry, Important, Interesting, Kind, Late, Large, Lazy, Light, Long, Loud, Low, Lucky, Narrow, Near, Noisy, Old, Polite, Proud, Quick, Quiet, Rich, Sad, Safe, Strong, Sweet, Thick, Thirsty, Tidy, Useful, Warm, Weak, Whole, Windy, Retrieved

II. List of emotions

fear - feeling afraid. Other words are terror (strong fear), shock, phobia (fear of one thing)

anger - feeling angry. Another word is rage. You can be angry with yourself or with others.

sorrow - feeling sad. Other words are sadness, grief (a stronger feeling, for example when someone has died) or depression (feeling sad for a long time). Some people think depression is a different emotion - see depression.

joy - feeling happy. Other words are happiness, glee (when something good happens to you. or something bad happens to someone else), gladness.

disgust - feeling something is wrong or dirty.

acceptance - feling happy with something.

anticipation - feeling happy because of something in the future.

surprise - how you feel when something happens quickly or when you did not think it would happen.

III. Emotions are:

Anger, opposite Calmness (not feeling excited)

Friendship (Love), opposite Enmity (feeling hate)

Fear, opposite Confidence (having no fear)

Shame, opposite Shamelessness (shame: how you feel when you think you are wrong or stupid; shamelessness: you do not feel shame, but others think you should.)

Kindness, opposite Unkindness (kindness: when you are good to other people)

Pity (when you feel sorry for other people)

Indignation (feeling angry because something is not fair)

Envy (how you feel when other people are luckier than you are)

IV. Simple emotions

discovery – confusion; gain – loss; surprise - no surprise – expectation; wonder surprise – commonplace; happiness – unhappiness; amusement – weariness; completion – incompleteness; courage - timidity – cowardice; pity – cruelty; repentance - lack of regret - innocence

V. Complex emotions

pride - modesty- shame; closeness - detachment – distance; complaint/pain - doing OK – pleasure; caution - boldness – rashness; patience - mere tolerance – anger; relaxation - composure - stress

VI. Pure emotions

fear - nervousness – security; togetherness – privacy; respect – disrespect; appreciation – envy; love - no love lost – hatred; familiarity – mystery;

VII. Propositional attitudes

attentive - inattentive – avoiding; alertness – exhaustion; intent - indecision - refusal

effort - no real effort – repose; hope – despair; desire - indifference – reluctance; interest - no interest - repulsion

VIII. Complex propositional attitudes

permission – prohibition; competence – incompetence; obligation – freedom; constraint - independence - resistance to constraint; request - negative request

suggestion - no suggestion – warning