Unit10 American Literature (teachers’ edition)

Period 1 New words and expressions

Teaching aims and demands:

(1) To learn some words and expressions .

(2) To use the words and expressions correctly

1.weep (-wept-weeping)

vi. 1.) 哭泣,流淚[(+over/for)]

The girl wept over her sad fate. 那女孩為自己悲慘的命運而哭泣。

Mother wept for joy. 母親高興得流眼淚。

2.) 悲嘆,哀悼[(+over/for)]

We all wept in silence for the deceased. 我們都默默為死者哀悼。

vt. 流(淚);哭泣

The little girl wept herself to sleep.

小女孩哭著哭著入睡了。

n. 哭泣

比較cry， weep

cry 和weep都指發出表示悲傷、不高興或痛苦的口齒不清的聲音，并且cry 和weep 都與流眼淚有關。 cry 則更強烈地表示伴隨的聲音。

When he died ,the little children cried in the streets.

當他死時，小孩子們在街上大聲哭喊起來。

I weep for what I'm like when I'm alone.

我為我孤獨時的樣子而哭泣。

2.furnish vt.

furnish A with B(=furnish A to B) 為某人提供某物

furnish sth with sth 為某物提供家具

1.) 給(房間)配置(家具等);裝備[(+with)]

How are you going to furnish the house? 你將如何布置房子?

2.) 供應;提供[(+with/to)]

I’ll furnish you with all you need. 我將提供你所需要的一切。

She rents a furnished flat. 她租了一套備有家具的單元房。

【拓展】

furnish 的名詞為furniture， 意為“家具”,是不可數名詞。

a piece of furniture / an article of furniture 一件家具

There is no need to buy so much furniture.

3. attend vt.

1) 出席，參加

Although he was still not well, the boy insisted on attending class.

雖然這男孩身體還沒有好，他還是堅持去上課。

I need to dress up a little to attend my friend’s wedding.

我得稍稍打扮一下去出席我朋友的婚禮。

2) 看護，治療，照顧

There was no one to attend him but his niece. 除了他的侄女沒人照顧他。

3）伴隨

Danger attended everything he did. 他做的一切都有危險。

May good luck attend you! 祝你好運！

attend to

1.) 處理，辦理

He offered to go out and attend to the matters. 他提出出去處理這些事情。

2.) 關心;照料;接待

If you go out, who will attend to the baby? 假如你出去的話，誰來照看孩子呢？

3）注意傾聽

You must attend to the instructions before you can use the computer.

你必須注意聽這些說明才會用這臺電腦。

4. rare adj. 罕見的；珍奇的;煮得很嫩的

That bird is very rare in this country.

那種鳥在這個國家很稀有。

Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.

賈斯珀.懷特是那些少有的相信古代神話的人。

rarely .adv. 難得，很少（=hardly）

She is old and rarely goes out. 她年紀大了，很少外出。

He rarely comes here any more. 現在他難得來這兒。

5. pride n. 自負；驕傲;自尊（心）;自豪

She showed us her new home with great pride.

她非常得意地給我們看她的新家。

Pride goes before a fall./Pride will have a fall.

(諺).驕者必敗。

wound a person's pride.傷害一個人的自尊心

have a pride in one's son .為自己的兒子感到自豪

【拓展】

take pride in (=be proud of)對。。。。感到自豪

pride oneself on sth/ doing sth以。。。自豪；對。。。。感到自豪

6．worn adj 破爛的；損壞的

the worn pockets on a jacket 夾克上的破兜

【拓展】wear sth out 消瘦, 穿破, 用壞, 克服/wear sb out 消磨, 疲勞

sth be worn out某東西破了/wear sth away 磨損, 消逝, 衰退, 磨減, 消磨, 虛

wear sb/sth down削弱/wear off 逐漸減弱, 消失, 磨損, 耗損

7．let

let down 掃（某人的）興；失約/let in 讓…進來，放…進來

let off 放（炮），投放（炸彈）;（與with連用）寬恕；赦免；從寬處理

let on 泄漏（秘密）/let out 加寬，放寬（衣服）;放出

let up 放松; 減弱，停止

8.pale adj.

1.) 蒼白的,灰白的

She was pale with fear. 她嚇得臉色發白。

2.) (顏色)淡的

Her beauty seemed pale beside Mary’s.

她的美貌與瑪麗相比似乎顯得黯然失色。

He wore a pale blue tie. 他戴一條淺藍色的領帶

9.approve

vt. 1.) 贊成,同意;贊許

The professor does not approve the government’s foreign policy.

那位教授不贊成政府的外交政策。

2.) 批準;認可

The city council has now approved the scheme for the erection of a new public library.

市議會業已核準建造一座新的公共圖書館的計劃。

The mayor approved the new building plans. 市長批準了新建筑計劃。

vi. 贊成;贊許 [(+of)]

I’m afraid your parents won’t approve of your going there. 我擔心你父母不會贊成你到那兒去。

My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes.我的父母不準許我吸煙。

I don't approve of wasting time. 我不贊成浪費時間。

I don't approve of smoking. 我不贊成抽煙。

approval n. 【U】 贊成；贊許; 批準

He showed his approval by smiling. 他用微笑表示贊成。

sth on approval 供試用的/包退的（不滿意可退貨）

10.shave

vt. 1.) 剃去...上的毛發;刮(臉)等

shave one’s face 刮臉

2.) 刮(胡子等)[(+off/away)]

He shaved off his beard. 他剃掉了胡須。

vi. 1.) 修面,刮臉

He shaves every morning. 他每天早晨刮臉。

2.) 擠過,勉強通過

He shaved through the math exam. 他勉強通過了數學考試。

n.[C]

1.) 剃刀,刮胡刀;刨刀

2.) 修面,刮臉[C]

I need a shave. 我需要修面。

11.comb

n.[C]

1.) 梳子;(羊毛等的)毛刷,馬鬃刷

2.) 女人頭發上梳狀的飾物

3.) (用梳子)梳理 (指動作)

My hair needs a good comb. 我的頭發需要好好梳理一番。

vt. 1.) 用梳子梳理

The mother combed the child’s hair. 母親梳理了孩子的頭發。

2.) 徹底搜查[(+for)]

We combed the city (to look) for our lost dog. 我們搜遍了全城尋找我們走失了的狗。

12.at length

1.) 最后,終于

At length, we began to understand what she wanted. 最后,我們總算弄清楚她到底要什么。

2.) 詳細地

He talked at length about his work. 他詳細地談了他的工作。

13.flash

vt. 1.) 使閃光;使閃爍[(+at)]

Why is that driver flashing his lights at me? 那個司機為何用燈照我?

2.) (向...)閃現出[(+at)]

I flashed a warning glance at them. 我向他們投去警告性的一瞥。

3.) (火速地)發出(電報,電訊等);使迅速傳遍

The news was flashed around the world. 這一消息迅速傳遍世界各地。

vi. 1.) 閃光,閃爍

The stars flashed in the night sky. 夜空中群星閃爍。

2.) (想法等)掠過,閃現

A thought flashed through my mind. 我腦子里閃過一個想法。

3.) 飛馳,掠過

A car flashed by. 一輛汽車疾馳而過。

n. 閃爍,閃光[C]

There was a flash of lightning a moment ago. 剛才有一道閃電。

14.simplify

vt. 使簡易；使易做；簡化

The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand.

這個故事里的英語被簡寫了，可更容易理解。

The subject is immensely complex, and hard to simplify. 這個題目非常復雜,并且很難簡化

【拓展】

simple adj. 樸素的；樸實的;簡單的，不復雜的;單純的；絕對的;正直 的

simple clothes 樸素的衣服

The little boy can already do simple problems in arithmetic.

那小男孩已經能做簡單的算術題。

a woman of simple goodness .純真善良的女人。

simply adv簡單地；容易地；樸素地；清楚地；自然地;僅，只;真地

He is simply a workman.他只是一名工人罷了。

She looks simply lovely.她看起來的確可愛。

That basketball game we watch last night on television was simply divine!

我們昨天晚上電視里看的那場藍球比賽真是好極了!

simplicity n. 簡單；簡易；樸素；樸實；單純

Period 2 Warming up

Teaching aims and demands:

To improve the Ss’speaking and listening skills

Teaching procedures:

Task 1. Guide the students to get to know some famous American writers and their works by the forms of a competition:

The Adventure of Tom Sawyer ---- Mark Twain

The Beast in the Jungle ----Henry James

A Farewell to Arms ----- Ernest Hemingway

The Old Man and the Sea ----- Ernest Hemingway

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ----Mark Twain

The Gift of the Magi ---- O. Henry

The Call of the Wild ----Jack London

The Scarlet Letter ---- Nathaniel Hawthorne

Step 2 Listening

Listen to the tape and finish the exercise on page 65

Step 3 Speaking

Divide the Ss into several groups to discuss and let them report their ideas to the class

Period 3 Reading

Teaching aims and demands:

(1)To get general ideas of the passage

(2)To improve the Ss’ reading skill

(3)To learn some knowledge about learning a foreign language

Teaching procedures

Step 1 Fast reading

1)What is Jim’s wage? Twenty dollars a week.

2)How much is the rent of the flat per week? 8 dollars per week.

3)How did Della manage to save the money?She saved it by bargaining while doing shopping.

4)What kind of gift had Della been planning to buy for Jim?

Something fine and rare-something worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim.

5)What price does Della pay to buy her present?

21 dollars

6)What are the couple’s two most precious possessions?

One is Jim’s gold watch and the other is Della’s hair.

7)Why do you think she chooses a watch chain for Jim?

Because she thinks it is worthy of the watch and it is right for Jim.With the chain on his watch Jim might be anxious about the time in any company.

8)What is her feeling when she decides to sell her beautiful hair?

On one hand,she is reluctant to sell her hair for it is the very thing that she takes pride in.On the other hand,she has no choice but to do so because she loves Jim deeply.

Step 2 Fast reading

1.Why did Della cry after counting the money she had been saving?

With one dollar and eighty-seven cents,she couldn’t buy a fine and rare gift for Jim.

2.Why did tear fall fom her eyes while Della was standing in front of the mirror?

She decided to cut off her hair and sold it to get money.

3.How much did Della get from the Madame I the barbershop?

Twenty dollars.

4.What did Della look like after cutting off and doing her hair?

Her head was covered with tiny curls that made her look like a little schoolgirl.

Step 3 Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.

1)James Dillingham Young is a rich young man. ( F )

2)One dollar and eighty-seven cents wal all the money that Della had saved for months.( T )

3)Della lives in a house with many trees and flowers around it.(F )

4)The living cost was greater than Della had expected.( T )

5)Jim and Della are a married couple.( T )

6)She hesitates to have her hair cut off and sell it.( T )

7)Della thinks having a haircut will make Jim happy.( F )

8)James Dillingham Young was Della’s husband.( T )

9)Della had a large sum of money to buy Jim a Christmas gift.( T )

10)There were two possessions of this family-Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.( T )

Step 4 While-reading Get the main idea of each passage.

The main idea of the passage: The story tells that a woman called Della sold her beautiful hair to buy her husband a Christmas present ---- a gold watch chain.

Main Idea

Paragraph 1 Della wept because she had little money to buy Jim a present this Christmas.

Paragraph 2 Della and Jim’s living conditions.

Paragraph 3 Della wanted to buy Jim a Christmas present, which was worthy of being own by Jim.

Paragraph 4 The young couple owned two precious things, one was Jim’s gold watch, and the other was Della’s hair.

Paragraph 5 Della’s beautiful hair.

Paragraph 6 Della decided to sell her hair in order to buy a present for her beloved.

Paragraph 7 Della got twenty dollars and then she began to buy Jim a Christmas present.

Paragraph 8 She spent 21 dollars on a gold watch chain.

Paragraph 9 Della did her hair and looked like a little school girl.

Step5 Reading comprehension ： Choose the best answers

1.How much money was saved by Della before the Christmas Day?

A.$ 8. B.$ 1.87. C.$ 2. D.$ 8.7. 答案：B

2.Why did Della cut her hair off? 答案：D

A.Because she wanted to give Jim a surprise.

B.Because she liked wearing short hair.

C.Because she wanted to be looked like a Coney Island Choir girl.

D.Because she needed more money to buy Jim a present.

3.How much did Della get for selling her hair?

A.$ 12. B.$ 18. C.$ 20. D.$ 22. 答案：C

4.What did Della buy for Jim’s present?

A.A gold watch. B.A gold watch chain.

C.A shave. D.A new overcoat. 答案：B

5.What did Jim buy for Della’s present?

A.A shampoo. B.A hat. C.A comb. D.A necklace. 答案：C

6.Which of the following is true according to the story? 答案：D

A.The Christmas day was coming.Della was very happy and she was looking forward to it.

B.Jim and Della were young and rich.

C.Jim didn’t love Della any more when he saw that she had her hair cut off.

D.Jim’s gold watch and Della’s long hair were the two possessions which they both took pride in.

7.The word in the fourth paragraph“hesitated”is closest in meaning to______.

A.imagined B.dreamed C.felt uncertain D.watched 答案：C

8.Which of the following is NOT true according to the story? 答案：D

A.The day before Christmas Della was worried because she had only saved one dollar and eighty-seven cents for Jim’s Christmas present.

B.The young couple lived a hard life but they loved each other deeply.

C.Della was very nervous and worried before she heard Jim’s step when he came back home from work.

D.When Della saw her present,she was so happy to get the expensive combs that she burst into tears.

9.What does the story mainly tell us? 答案：C

A.How to celebrate a happy Christmas for a young and rich couple.

B.How to choose Christmas presents for couples.

C.A love story between a young and poor couple.

D.Money is love.

10.From the sentence,“She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat walking along a grey in a grey backyard.”we can infer that Della was very______.答案：D

A.angry B.calm C.happy D.sad

Integrating skills

Teaching aims and demands:

(1) To improve the students’ abilities of reading and comprehension

(2) To learn some language points

Step 1 Listen to the tape and read the text carefully, then choose the best answer:

1. What was Jim’s reaction when he saw Della?

A. angry B. shocked C. disappointed D. both A and B

2. What did Jim buy for Della ?

A. a shampoo B. a hat C. A comb D. A new overcoat

3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the story?

A. The day before Christmas Della was worried because she had only saved one dollar and eighty-seven cents for Jim’s Christmas present.

B. The young couple lived a hard life but they loved each other deeply.

C. Della was very nervous and worried before she heard Jim’s step when he came back home from work.

D. When Della saw her present, she was so happy to get the expensive combs that she burst into tears.

4.Which of the following is true according to the story?

A. The Christmas day was coming. Della was very happy and she was looking forward to it.

B. Jim and Della were both cried when they saw each other’s present.

C. Jim didn’t love Della any more when he saw that she had her hair cut off.

D. Jim sold hid gold watch out of his love for Della.

5. What does the story mainly tell us?

A. How to celebrate a happy Christmas for a young and rich couple.

B. How to choose Christmas presents for couples.

C.A love story between a young and poor couple.

D. Money is love.

Step 2 Read the passage in three minutes, and sum up every paragraph with one sentence:

P1: Della was anxious to wait for Jim and was afraid that Jim’s love would go without her beautiful long hair.

P2: Jim was burdened with the family and had no money to buy even e new overcoat or gloves.

P3: Jim stared at Della with a strange expression on his face.

P4: Della explained why she had her hair cut off.

P5: Jim was still confused.

P6: Jim was awake and expressed nothing could make him love Della any less.

P7: Della was so happy when she sea a set of beautiful and expensive combs Jim bought her.

P8: Della showed him her gift---- a gold watch chain that was worthy of his gold watch.

P9: Jim told Della he sold his watch for her combs.

Period 4 Language points in reading

Teaching aims and demands:

(1) To learn and grasp some important phrases in the text

(2) To learn some important language points

(3) ⅡLearing the following points

1. [In the hall below] was a mailbox into which no letter would go.

[Down ] flowed the brown cascade.

[Many happy hours] had she spent , planning for something nice for him.

2.Twenty dollars a week does not go far. (Para.3 p84) 每周20美元根本就不夠用

go far （錢等）耐花，價值大(常用于否定句);效力大，大有幫助；成功

Although he earns 1000 yuan a month, It doesn’t go far for his family.

Your suggestion will go far towards solving the problem.

A man with courage and confidence will go far.

2.Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. (Para.3 p84)

expense: 名詞 意思是“開銷，費用，花費”

1) at great /little/ no expense 花費很大/很少/ 沒有花費

2)at the expense of sb/sth “以… 為代價”

He saved the girl at the expense of his life.

3)at one’s (own) expense 由/讓某人付費The dinner was at my own expense.

3.be worthy of sth/ being done/ to be done (Para.3 p84)

worthy adj. (做表語)值得的，配得上的；（做定語）有價值的，可敬的,優秀的

He did a worthy job.=He did an excellent job.

The park is worthy of a visit.

of being visited.

to be visited.

Cf:

The park is worth a visit.

visiting.

The book is worth 10 yuan.

The book is worth what I paid.

4.She pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.（Para.5 p85）

她披散開頭發，讓它盡情舒展開來

And then she quickly did it up again.（Para.5 p85）她很快把頭發梳理好

do up

1) 扣（紐扣）

Do up your coat and hurry.

把你的衣服扣上，快點！

This dress does up at the back.

這條連衣裙扣子在后面。

2) 整理（房間）

Let’s do up the room first.

我們先整理房間。

3) 包，扎（包裹）,捆 （東西）

Please do these things up for me.

請幫我把這些東西包扎起來。

4) 修理

The room needs doing up.

這房子需要修繕。

5) 使穿上

She was done up in her Sunday best. 她穿著節日盛裝。

6) 使精疲力盡

He was done up after the long trip. 長途旅行后他精疲力盡。

do away with 擺脫；廢除，取消

do for 照料

do out 收拾，打掃；整理

do out of 搶劫；騙走，騙去

do up 系上；扣上

do with （前面與could, can連用）需要;有關系

have sth. to do with 和…有關系

have nothing to do with 和…沒有關系

do without 沒有某事物也行

5.in any company與任何人在一起

in one’s company與某人在一起

be fond of company好交際

be in good/bad company=keep good/bad company與好人/壞人來往

keep sb.company陪伴某人

for company作為陪伴，為應酬

in company with sb.=in one’s company與某人一起

keep company with sb.與某人結交

part company (with sb.) （與某人）分開/斷絕關系

e.g.As the journey was a long one, he took a friend with him ________.

A.along B.together C.for company D.as a company

6. Della doubled the watch chain in her hand …. (Para.1 p88)

What does double mean in the following sentences:

A. She got double scholarships 雙學位

B. Double the carpet, and cover it on the baby. 折疊

7. Poor fellow, he was only twenty-two ---- and to be burdened with a family! (Para.2 p88)

and to be burdened with a family → He was to be burdened with a family

to be burden with family承擔起養家的重擔

burden sb. with sth. 加負擔于某人

sb. be burdened with sth.使某人負……重擔

I don’t want to burden you with my problems.我不想讓我的問題給你增加負擔。

The students are burdened with heavy load of study.學生們的學習負擔很重。

burden (n.)重擔，負擔

He,a disabled child,is becoming a burden to his mother.

他，一個殘疾兒童，漸漸成了他媽媽的累贅

8. His eyes were fixed upon Della, and there was an expression in them that she could not read. (Para.3 p88)

be fixed upon →__stare at__

in them → in his eyes__

Exercise:

She was _____ frightened that she could not _____ her thoughts on anything.

A. so; fix B. so; spend C. such; fix D. such; spend

stare at sb./sth.盯著看，凝視 glare at怒視 glance at掃視

9. I have my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn’t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present. (Para.4 p88)

have one’s hair cut have sth done

couldn’t have lived through Christmas without giving you a present →

If I hadn’t given you a present , I couldn’t have lived through Christmas.

Translate the sentence:

今天下午我要去修理我的自行車。

I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon.

10. “Don’t make any mistake about me, Della, ”he said.“ I don’t think there ’s anything in the way of a haircut shampoo… (Para.6 p88)

1) make a mistake about →對……誤解

2) in the way of →……這一類東西；在……方面

Step 4 Consolidation (5minutes)

Please find these phrases in the text.

1.對折表鏈 2. 加以……重擔 3. 注視；凝視 4.剪掉頭發 5. 度過圣誕節；

6. 對某人好 7. 對……誤解 8. ……這一類東西；在……方面 9.撕開；扯開

10. 一套梳子 11.最后；終于 12. 把……收起來

Keys:

1. double the watch chain

2. be burdened with

3. fix one’s eyes upon / stare at

4. have one’s hair cut

5. live through Christmas

6. be good to sb

7. make a mistake about

8. in the way of

9. tear at

10.a set of combs

11. at length

12.put away

Period 5 Word study & Grammar

語法系列復習專題-----動詞時態，被動語態

一、一般現在時

在以here,there開頭的句子里，go,come等少數動詞的一般在時表示正在發生的動作。例如：There goes the bell.鈴響了。There comes the bus.汽車來了。Here she comes.她來了。

二、現在進行時

1.代替一般現在時，描繪更加生動。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滾滾向東流。The sun is rising in the east.太陽從東方冉冉升起。

2.大多數動詞可用于進行時，但也有些動詞不用于進行時。常見的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,

believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。

三、現在完成時

注意點：1、現在完成時與一般過去時的區別：

2、短暫動詞（即瞬間動詞），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,

die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成時態中，其肯定式不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如不能說：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻譯“他已完成工作三小時了。”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延續法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.

四、現在完成進行時

1.用來表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續到現在（或今后還要繼續一去）的動作。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.

2.凡是不能用于現在進行時的動詞均不能用于現成完成進行時。

五、一般過去時

六、過去進行時

1.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作（這一過去時間須用時間狀語表示）。例如：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.

2.表示動作在另一過去動作發生時進行。例如：They were still working when I left.

3.用在兩個過去進行時動作同時發生。例如：I was writing while he was watching TV.

4.表示過去將來動作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.

七、過去完成時

1.表示在過去某一時間以前已經完成的動作。例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.

2.表示動作或狀態從過去某個時刻開始一直延續到另一個過去時刻才完成，甚至還要繼續下去。例如：At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.

3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等動詞的過去完成時來表示未實現的希望、打算或意圖。例如：We had expected that you would be able to win the match.

八、一般將來時

一般將來時表示將來要發生的動作和存在的狀況。有下列一些形式：

1.will/shall do （側重將來行為，不突出計劃安排去做某事）

2.be going to do (主觀上打算或客觀上有跡象可能發生)

3.be doing (按計劃將要發生，常用于表示位置轉移的動詞)

4.be about to do (按計劃即將發生，不和表示最近的將來時間連用)

5.be to do(按計劃即將發生，這種動作通常是為人們意志所能控制的。或者用于條件句中表示將來)

九、將來完成時

用來表示在將來某個時刻（前）將完成的動作。常和by短語，when,before引起的時間狀語連用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.注：當句子的謂語為say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等時，被

動語態有兩種形式：（A）謂語動詞用被動語態，動詞不定式作主補。（B）用it作形式主語，真正的主語在后面用主語在后面用主語從句來表示。如：

People say he is a smart boy.

It is said that he is a smart boy.

He is said to be a smart boy.

People know paper was made in China first.

It is known that paper was made in China first.

Paper was known to be made in China first.

類似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that

時態考點分析

1．--Can I join your club, dad?

--You can when you______a bit older. (NMET)

A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got

析：“You can”是將來意，when引導的時間狀語從句要用一般現在時表將來所以此題答案為A.

2．--Oh,it’s you!I______you.

--I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.

A.didn’t recognize B.hadn’t recognized C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize

析：從“Oh,it’s you!”可知說話時已認出對方。“沒有認出”是在此之前為過去情況，所以應選A.

3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space. (NMET)

A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared

析：在空白處應選一個與“saw”相配，能解釋Jim didn’t see me 這一原因的選項，只有著眼于A、B。若選A不能體觀他“當時正在做”某事，故排除A而選B。這樣因為“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。

4.--______my glasses?

--Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET)

A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen

析：現在完成時可表過去發生的事情對現在產生的影響或結果，問話人以這樣的時態發問可作現焦急的心情。故答案為D。

5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times. (NMET)

A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet

析：答案B。道理同4。

6.--Do you know our town at all?

--No,this is the first time I______here.

A.was B.have been C.came D.am going

析：根據this/it is the first/second/…time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案為B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.

7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives. (NMET)

A.just help out B.have just helped out

C.am just helping out D.will just help out

析：根據I don’t really work here.以及…until the new secretary arrives,可知說話人所要做的事是計劃安排行為，C、D兩個選項都表將來動作，但D非計劃安排，C則體現按計劃去做，所以此題答案為C。

8.--Is this raincoat yours?

--No,mine______there behind the door. (NMET)

A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung

析：此題的“懸掛”是指現狀而言，故表過去“掛”的B、D項可排除。C項雖指“現在掛”，但側重在常規，習慣。為了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正掛在門后”這一意思，選A是極為合情理的。

被動語態

一、被動語態的句型

1.常見句式是：主語（受動者）＋be＋過去分詞＋（by＋施動者）

例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.

2.主語＋get＋過去分詞＋其它成分

例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.

注意：使用這種結構不能帶有“by＋施動者”

3.帶有雙賓語（直接賓語和間接賓語）的主動句變為動句，其主語可以是直接賓語，也可以是間接賓語。例如：She lent me a bike.被動：1）I was lent a bike(by her).

2）A bike was lent to me(by her).

4.情態動詞＋be＋過去分詞

例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.

5.雙重被動式：主語＋被動式謂語＋不定式的被動式＋其它成分

例如；These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.

二、主動表示被動的幾種情況

1.不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質和狀態。常見動詞是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.這把刀好切。These books sell well.這些書好賣。The pen writes smoothly.這支筆寫起來流暢。Meat wont keep long in such hot weather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長久。The cloth washes well.這種布好洗。

2.一些連系動詞的主動式＋形容詞。常見動look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被動式，如：His answer(was) proved right.

3.不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語有動賓關系。常見形容詞有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比較：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.沒有形容詞時，雖然不定式與主語是動賓關系，但必須用被動式。

三、容易誤用被動語態的幾種情況：

1.I teach myself French.不可變為Myself is taught French.因為反身代詞不可作主語。

2.We help each other/one another.不可變為Each other/One another is helped by us.因為相互代詞不可作主語。

3.He lost heart.不可變為Heart was lost by him.因為象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought這類動賓結構的固定短語只能用于主動式，不能用被動式。

4.She took part in the sports meet.不能變為The sports meet was taken part in by her.因為象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表狀態動詞沒有被動語態。

被動語態考點分析

1.I need one more stamp before my collection______. (NMET)

A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed

析：complete是及物動詞，“郵集”是被人完成的，須從表被動意的C、D中選擇。又因before等引導的時間狀語從句中謂語要用一般現在時表將來，所以此題答案為D。

2.--Do you like the material?

--Yes,it______very soft. (NMET)

A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt

析：觀察題干，空白線后無賓語，可知feel是不及物動詞，表“（某物）摸起來…”意思,是連系動詞，不能用于被動式，也不用進行時。根據此題對話情景，是指某種材料的常規特性，要用一般現在時，不能用過去時，故答案為C。feel作“感覺”、“認為”、“摸”等意時是及物動詞，可帶賓語，有時態，語態等變化。

3．Great changes______in the city,and a lot of factories______. (NMET)

A.have been taken place…have been set up

B.have taken place…have been set up

C.have taken place…have set up

D.were taken place…were set up

析：take place（發生）是不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態，于是可排除A、D，又因set up(建造)是及物動詞，在此題中應該用被動式，故排除C，答案為B。

4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa. (NMET)

A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited

析：首先可排除B。因為它不表示“被邀請”。又因D項少引導詞who，也應排除。A項＝who were invited,C項＝who were being invited,由象invite這類短暫動詞的現在分詞被動式不可作后置定語，故也應排除。因而可定答案為A。

5.I dont know the restaurant,but its______to be quite a good one.(NMET)

A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked

析：根據“某人/某物據說…”英文句式為“sb/sth.is said…”可定答案為A。又如：He is said to be a clever boy.據說他是一個聰明的男孩。

6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.(NMET)

A.has broken into…has been stolen B.has broken into…had been stolen

C.has been broken into…stolen D.had been broken into…stolen

析：“房屋被人闖入”，“東西被偷”都是被動語態，故可排除A、B。因C項中的has been broken into不能置于found之后，則答案只能是D。

7.I promise that the matter will______. (NMET)

A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of

析：take care of…是固定短語，若無of則不可帶賓語，只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為B。

8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (NMET)

A.are not kept…will have to B.are not kept…have to

C.do not keep…will have to D.do not keep…have to

析：觀察題干，第一處必須用被動式，答案只能在A、B中選一。條件句用一般現在時，主句應為一般將來時，故答案為A。

9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET)

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

析；要表達“被舉行”，只能在B、C中選。B意“將要首次舉行”。顯然不合in 776 BC這一過去時間，只有C，first played(＝which was first played)才合用。故答案為C。

10.This sentence needs______.

A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved

析：初看此題似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音開頭詞，其前要用an,故排除。need作實義動詞，和require,want一樣，后面可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被…”意。如：The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(這扇門需要漆一下。)

11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.

A.am not B.havent been C.was not D.will not be

析：should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”，例如：I should like to have seen the film,but it wasnt possible.由于這種句式表示“過去想”，所以but后的句子也應該是過去時態與之相配合，故此題答案是C。

12.--______the note______to Mr Smith?

--No,It is still in my pocket.

A.Is…being given B.Was…given C.Has…been given D.Hasnt…been given

析：根據問句與答句，問話人顯然是注重結果，故要用現在完成時。似乎D作為反詰句“難道條還沒給史密斯先生嗎？”也成立，但若是這種口氣發問，答話人就應答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此題答案應為C。

13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.

A.say B.said C.to say D.be said

析：It was said that…可以改為We heard it said that…(都表示“據說…”之意)。前一種說法中It 是形式主語，后一種說法中it是形式賓語。故此題答案為B。

動詞時態、語態專練

1.The maths problem can be______.

A.easy worked out B.easy to be worked out C.easily worked out D.easily to work out

2.Every possible means______,but none proves successful.

A.has been tried B.tried C.is being tried D.has tried

3.The girl is to______a rich man.

A.marry with B.be married C.marry to D.be married to

4.He received a telegram that______“Mother sick”.

A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read

5.Who can you imagine______to his wedding party?

A.inviting B.being invited C.was invited D.to be invited

6.I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.(NMET)

A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given

7.--Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

--Hes already been______.(NMET)

A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for

8.A conductor______to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.

A.needs B.is needing C.was needed D.has been needed

9.When and where to build the new factory______yet.

A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided

10.Ways______to stop pollution by now.

A.must find B.will be found C.are found D.have been found

11.I dont want anything______about it.

A.to say B.said C.saying D.having said

12.--______that the sports meet might be put off.

--Yes,it all depends on the weather.

A.I’ve been told B.I’ve told C.I’m told D.I told

13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.(NMET)

A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered

14.Betty has never been heard _______ill of others.

A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.was said

15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.

A.said B.says C.is said D.was said

16.--What do you think of the book?

--Oh,excellent.Its worth______a second time.(NMET)

A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read

17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.(NMET)

A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking.

18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(NMET)

A.Given B.to give C.Giving D.Having given

19.--where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.

--I______it right here but now it’s gone.

A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put

C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;have put

20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.

A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.studies

21.How long______the English party______?

A.has;been lasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;be lasted

22.What______you______this time next Friday?

A.will;do B.have;been doing C.are;doing D.will;be doing

23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.

A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung

24.It______and the streets were still wet.

A.had been raining B.rained C.had been rained D.would rain

25.The book______on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.

A.is lying B.has lain C.lay D.has been lying

26.We______there when it______to rain.

A.were getting;would begin B.were about to get;began

C.had got;had begun D.would get;began

27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.

A.should have studied B.were going to study

C.have studied D.should study

28.--she told me she had met you in London last year.

--______you______her since?

A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen

29.--When______again?

--When he______,I’ll let you know.

A.will he come;will come B.will he come;come

C.he comes;comes D.will he come;comes

30.Tom______for more than a week.

A.has left B.had gone away C.went away D.has been away

31.--What happened to her teeth?

--She______the apple more than she could chew.

A.has bitten B.bit C.had been bitting D.bites

32.Shakespeare was said______37 famous plays in his lifetime.

A.finishing writing B.to finish writing C.having written D.to have written

33. --You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?

--But I______that you______me to start at once.

A.don’t realize;want B.don’t realize;wanted C.haven’t realized;want D.didn’t realize;wanted

34. --I missed the lecture last night.

--Oh,what a pity!I wish______.

A.you heared it B.you had heard it C.you never heard it D.you hadn’t heard it

35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.

A.finished B.am going to finish C.will finish D.have finished

36. --Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.

--It’s 9586442.(NMET)

A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t

37. --I’m sorry to keep you waiting.

--Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.

A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.

A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoedn;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten

39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.

A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving (NMET)

40. --Who is Jerry Cooper?

--______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.(NMET)

A.Don’t you meet him yet B.Hadn’t you met him yet

C.Didn’t you meet him yet D.Haven’t you met him yet

41. --We could have walked to the station.It was so near.

--Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.(NMET)

A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D.won’t be

42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her?(NEMT)

A.was happening B.to happen C.has haqqend D.having happened

43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.(NMET)

A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy

44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)

A.read;was falling B.was reading;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell

45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.

A.caught B.have caught C.have D.have had

46.I______the time______so quickly.

A.didn’t realize;had passed B.don’t realize;passed

C.haven’t realized;passed D.hadn’t realized;had passed

47.--My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late. --Let’s hurry up.

A.is said B.says C.is told D.tells

48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.(NMET)

A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come

49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET)

A.think;lost B.thought;had lost C.think;had lost D.thought;have lost

50.--Jane has just arrived. --I didn’t know she______.

A.is coming B.was coming C.had been coming D.will come

動詞時態、語態專練答案

1－5 C A D D C 6－10 B B C A D 11－15 B A A C C 16－20 C A A B A

21－25 B D D A D 26－30 B A D D D 31－35 B D D B D 36－40 A A B B D

41－45 A C A B D 46－50 A B C B B

Period6Integrating Reading and Writing Skills

Regret (p221-222)

Step 1. Warmming-up

Task 1 :

Do the oral pratice on p218, and enable the students to practise predicting and describing what a story might be about

Step 2. Reading

Task 2: Read the passage and finish the exercises. If possible, guide the students to analyze some long and complex sentences.

Task 3: Guided Writing

Give Ss 20 minutes to finish the writing assignment on p224,

Then ask Ss to score their work according to the following chart.

3 pluses & 1 wish

Name _______ Title _____________________ Date _______________

+ _________________________________________________________

+ _________________________________________________________

+ _________________________________________________________

? _________________________________________________________

Note: How to use this chart effectively?

Ask the student to read his/her deskmate’s writing carefully, and then find 3 valuable things (structure, passage arrangement, sentence, diction, etc) and give 1 suggestion. And then feed the message back. Next, ask the Ss to correct their work according to the chart.

Deal with some language points and difficult points if necessary. If possible, guide the students to analyze some long and complex sentences. The following sentences in this unit are very important:

Expenses had been greater than she had calculated.

She hesitated for a minute and stood still while a tear or two fell on the worn red carpet.

There was no other like it in any of the stores, and she had turned all of them inside out.

It was worthy of the watch.

It’ll grow again--- you won’t mind, will you?

I’m me without my hair, aren’t I ?