Unit 4 TV Programmes（1）
第四單元 電視節(jié)目
課文祥解
1. I’m far too busy to go shopping.
我實(shí)在太忙了，沒時間去買東西。
★far用作副詞，意為“很”“非常”，常修飾形容詞、副詞、比較級或最高級，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度，表示“……很多”。如：
①He’s fallen far behind in his work. 他的工作無遠(yuǎn)沒有做完。
②Their room is far larger than yours. 他們的房間比你們的大很多。
③This room is far too warm. 這個房間太熱了。
④He is a man of far sight. 他是一個目光遠(yuǎn)大的人。
⑤I’m far too busy to go shopping. 我真的是太忙了，沒時間去購物。
★far用作副詞，意為“遠(yuǎn)”“遙遠(yuǎn)”“久遠(yuǎn)”，指表示空間與時間上的距離。如：
①How far did you go? 你走了多遠(yuǎn)？
②He always works far into the night. 他總是工作到深夜。
③The plane is flying far above the clouds. 飛機(jī)在云霄上飛。
★far用作形容詞，意為“遠(yuǎn)的”“遙遠(yuǎn)的”。如：
①I like to travel to a far place. 我喜歡到遠(yuǎn)處去旅行。
②She was sitting at the far end of the room. 她坐到房間的那一頭。
③They live in the far south of the city. 他們住在那個城市的南面。
④In the far north, days are short in winter. 在較北的地方，冬日的白天較短。⑤⑥
★as far as意為“與……一樣遠(yuǎn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)到某一地方，as far as還可表示“就……而言”的意思，表示某種程度。如：
①I can’t swim as far as you. 我游不到你那樣遠(yuǎn)。
②We walked as far as the station. 我們一直走到火車站。
③I only walk as far as the foot of the mountain. 我僅走到山腳那么遠(yuǎn)。
④As far as I know, he will be away for two weeks. 據(jù)我所知，他要離開兩星期。
⑤As far as I know, she’s not coming, but I may be wrong.
就我所知，她不打算來，但我或許會錯。
★so far意為“到目前止”，可以放在句首，也可放在句尾。如：
①So far the weather has been good, but it might change.
直到現(xiàn)在為止，天氣都很好，但也許有變。
②I have been here for three months, and so far I’ve enjoyed myself.
我來這里已經(jīng)有三個月了，我一直過得很愉快。
③I have written to Jim, but I haven’t received his letter so far.
我已經(jīng)給吉姆寫過信了，但到目前為止我還沒有收到他的回信。
2. Then I’ll have lunch and a little sleep between 2 and 7.
然后，在兩點(diǎn)至七點(diǎn)之間我吃午飯并睡會兒。
★between用作介詞，意為“在……和……之間”，常與and連用。如：
①You can sit between him and me. 你可以坐在我和他中間。
②A football match is going on between a Chinese team and a Japanese team.
中國隊(duì)和日本隊(duì)之間正在進(jìn)行一場足球賽。
★between強(qiáng)調(diào)在兩者之間，而among一般指三者或三者以上。如：
①There is a picture hanging between the two windows. 兩扇窗戶中間掛著一幅畫。
②The animals usually hide among the trees in the daytime. 野獸白天通常藏在樹林里。
③I couldn’t find him among the crowd. 我在人群里找不到他。
【注】當(dāng)表示三者以上的事物每兩兩之間時，仍用between。如：
④There is a canal between the three cities. 這三個城市之間有條運(yùn)河。
⑤Agreements have been made between different countries.
不同的國家之間已達(dá)成了協(xié)議。
3. Every one of them has their own favourite TV programme.
他們每個人都有自己最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。
★everyone通常情況下寫成一個單詞，但在后面接一個表示范圍的of短語時，應(yīng)寫成兩個單詞。如：原句中every one of them。當(dāng)anyone后面接of時，也寫成兩個單詞，即any one of…。如：
①Every one if the students in the class has passed the exam.
＝All the students in the class have passed the exam.
這個班上的所有的學(xué)生都通過了這次考試。
②Every one of the them has their own idea.
他們每個人都有自己的主意。
③Any one of the boys can do what the two grown-ups are doing.
這些男孩中隨便哪一個都能干那兩個成年人在干的活。
④I like all the novels, any one of them.
我喜歡所有這些小說，它們中的任何一本。
★every用作形容詞，表示“每一個”，在句中只作定語，與單數(shù)名詞連用，著重于整體中每個人或事物，即把分散的項(xiàng)目集中成為一個整體來看待，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體。如：
①Every minute is important to us. 每分鐘對我們都是重要的。
②There are TV stations in every big city in China now. 現(xiàn)在中國每個大城市都有電視臺。
③We make experiments in chemistry every day. 我們每天都做化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
★every與數(shù)字連用，可表示“每……一次的”“每隔……的”。如：
①You must change the oil in the car every 5000 miles.
你必須每行上5000里給汽車換一次油。
②I usually go to my uncle’s every three days(＝every third day).
我通常每三天（每隔兩天）去我叔叔家一次。
★every可與other+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示“每隔……”。如：
①Please write on every other line. 請隔行寫。
②They planted a tree every other meter along the road.
他們在馬路邊每隔一米栽一棵樹。
★each用作形容詞，意為“每個的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個群體（至少兩個）中個別的個體。如：
①Each child learns at his/her own plan. 每個兒童均按自己的進(jìn)度學(xué)習(xí)。
②There is a tree on each side of the house. 房子兩邊各有一棵樹。
③Each day is better than the one before. 一天比一天好。
★each用作代詞，意為“各個”“每個”，作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。如：
①Each of the houses is slightly different. 每座房子都稍有區(qū)別。
②Each of the students had his own bike. 孩子們各有自己的自行車。
★each放在主語后，作主語（一定是復(fù)數(shù)）的同位語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
①We each have an orange in the hand. 我們每人手里有一只桔子。
②They each have different opinions about it. 他們對那件事各有不同的意見。
4. on與about
★on用作介詞，意為“關(guān)于”，意味著具有嚴(yán)肅的學(xué)術(shù)性內(nèi)容。如：
①Have you read the article on France in the newspaper?
你讀過報(bào)上那篇關(guān)于法國的文章嗎？
②That book is on an important subject. 那本書是講一個重要的問題。
★about用作介詞，意為“關(guān)于”，是一個普通用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性和通俗性。如：
①They held a discussion about dinosaurs. 他們舉辦了一次關(guān)于恐龍的討論會。
②He likes watching a TV programme about school life.
他喜歡看有關(guān)學(xué)校生活的電視節(jié)目。
5. They are writing their own TV programmes for a writing competition.
他們正在編寫自己的電視節(jié)目來參加一場寫作比賽。
★one’s own用作形容詞，意為“自己的”“特有的”。如：
①That is my own camera. 那是我自己的相機(jī)。
②I saw it happen with my own eyes. 我親眼目睹了那件事的發(fā)生
③The orange has its own scent. 桔子有它獨(dú)特的香味。
★own用作代詞，意為“自己”。如：
①M(fèi)ay I keep it for my own? 我可以把它作為己有嗎？
②I’ll do the work on my own. 我將獨(dú)立地工作。
③Why didn’t you tell her to use her own? 為什么你不叫她用她自己的呢？
★on one’s own是一個習(xí)慣短語，意為“獨(dú)自”“獨(dú)立”。如：
①He runs a factory on his own. 他獨(dú)立經(jīng)營工廠。
②She still lives on her own. 她仍然獨(dú)自一人生活。
★own用作動詞，意為“擁有”“有”，指具有法律上的所有權(quán)，其主語往往是人。如：
①Who owns this land? 這塊地為誰擁有啊？
②He used to own a lot of houses. 他過去擁有好幾處房子。
③His family owned neither land nor house. 他家既無田地又無房子。
6. A weekly round-up of what is happening in sports, with lots of up-to-date information.
體育方面所發(fā)生的事件一周綜述，為你提供大量的最新的體壇信息。
★weekly用作形容詞，意為“每周一次的”“每周的”。如：
①They are doing the weekly cleaning. 他們在進(jìn)行每周一次的大掃除。
②Have you read the weekly newspaper? 你看過周報(bào)了嗎？
★weekly它還可以用作名詞，表示“周刊”，monthly表示“月刊”。如：
①I have subscribed to a weekly. 我已經(jīng)訂了一份周刊。
②This is a monthly magazine. 這是一個月刊。
③Our club has a monthly meeting. 我們俱樂部每月開一次會。
★weekly也可以用作副詞，意為“每周地”。如：
①He receives his wages weekly. 他每周領(lǐng)一次工資。
②Mr. Davies pays me rent weekly. 戴維斯先生每星期付我一次租金。
7. happen的用法小結(jié)
★happen用作不及物動詞，意為“（偶然）發(fā)生”，指具體客觀事物的發(fā)生，往往帶有偶然的意味，其主語往往是物。Happen不用于被動語態(tài)。如：
①This story happened in Shanghai. 這個故事發(fā)生在上海。
②A fire happened in his factory last night. 昨晚那個工廠發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。
★happen to sb. / sth. 意為“某人/物出了某事”，to為介詞。主語一般是某物。如：
①If anything happens to the machine, do let me know.
假如機(jī)器出了什么毛病，務(wù)必通知我。
②What has happened to him (=What’s wrong / the matter with him?)
他怎么了？
③What finally happened to the boy? 這男孩最后怎樣了。
★happen to do sth. 意為“碰巧做某事”，如：
①Her birthday happens to be New Year’s Day. 她的生日碰巧是元旦這一天。
②I happened to be out when you called. 你來訪時我碰巧出去了。
③He happened to be watching TV when his father came home.
父親回來時，他碰巧晨看電視。
★It happened that + 從句。意為“碰巧……”。如：
①It happened that I saw him yesterday. 昨天我碰巧見到他了。
②It happened that she was thinking of something when the teacher called her.
當(dāng)老師叫她時，珍妮碰巧在想事情。
③It happened that he had seen the film. 他碰巧看過那部電影了。
【注】happen注意其否定句中否定詞的位置轉(zhuǎn)移。如：“我碰巧身上沒帶錢”可有多種譯法。
I happened not to have any money with me.
I didn’t happen to have any money with me.
I happened to have no money with me.
It happened that I had no money with me.
It happened that I didn’t have any money with me.
★take place也表示是“發(fā)生”的意思，指事先布置或策劃好，然后發(fā)生，沒有偶然的意思，是不及物動詞詞組，沒有被動語態(tài)。如：
①Great changes have taken place in our city in the past 5 years.
過去的五年里，我們市發(fā)生了巨大變化。
②The October Revolution took place in 1917.
十月革命發(fā)生在1917年。
③Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1980.
自從1980年以來，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了很大的變化。
④He asked me whether the sports meet would take place the next week.
他問我運(yùn)動會是否在下星期召開。
8. up-to-date的用法
★up-to-date是復(fù)合形容詞，意為“現(xiàn)代的”“新式的”“最新的”。如：
①This book is up-to-date. 這本書是最新的。
②The equipment here is really up-to-date. 這里的設(shè)備很新式的。
★out of date意為“過期的”“過時的”。如：
①Her clothes are about ten years out of date. 她的衣服已經(jīng)過時十年了。
②This information is out of date. 這資料已經(jīng)過時了。
9. The programme covers different sports, such as basketball, swimming, badminton and football.
本節(jié)目涵蓋了不同的體育項(xiàng)目，諸如籃球、籃球、游泳、羽毛球和足球。
★cover用作動詞，意為“包含”“包括”“涉及”。如：
①The lectures covered a lot of subjects. 這些講座涉及的內(nèi)容極為廣泛。
②The survey covers all aspects of the business. 調(diào)查包括這個企業(yè)的各個方面。
③The exhibition covers an area of 5,000 square metres.
展覽會展出面積為5,000平方米。
★cover用作動詞，也可以“蓋”“遮蓋”。如：
①Flood water covers our fields. 洪水淹沒了我們的田地。
②Lies cannot cover up facts. 謊言掩蓋不了事實(shí)。
③Please cover the bowl with a piece of paper. 請用紙把碗蓋上。
④A passing lorry covered us in mud from head to foot.
一輛馳過的卡車濺了我們一身泥。
★cover用作動詞，意為“報(bào)道”“（記者）采訪”。如：
①He is covering the sports meeting. 他正在報(bào)道運(yùn)動會的情況。
②He was sent to cover the traffic accident. 他被派去采訪了那起交通事故。
★cover用作動詞，還可表示“行過”“走過（路程）”。如：
①They covered three hundred miles that day.
那一天他們走了三百英里。
②He wants to cover 100 miles before it gets dark.
他想在天黑之前走100英里。
③I covered 10 miles today. I never guessed that I could walk that far.
我今天走了10英里路，我從沒想過我能走那么遠(yuǎn)。
★be covered with意為“覆蓋”“遮蓋”，表示一種狀態(tài)。如：
①The ground is covered with snow. 地上覆蓋著雪。
②The trees are covered with fruit. 樹上結(jié)滿了水果。
③The table is covered with dust. 桌子上都是灰塵。
★cover也可作名詞，表示“蓋子”“罩”“封面”。如：
①The cover of a pot is called a lid. 蓋壺的蓋子叫作壺蓋。
②My book needs a new cover. 我的書需要一個新封面。
③He always reads the paper from cover to cover. 他總是把報(bào)紙從頭到尾看一遍。
10. However, if you are not a football fan, you might find this week’s programme a bit boring.
然而，如果你不是一個足球迷，那么你可能會覺得本周的節(jié)目有點(diǎn)乏味。
★原句中的a bit boring是謂語動find的賓語補(bǔ)足語。find可接多種形式的賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：
①You will find it a difficult book. 你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這是本很難的書。（名詞）
②He found a lot of people working there. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人在那里干活。（現(xiàn)在分詞）
③We found the place much changed. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這地方有了巨大的變化。（過去分詞）
④They found him already in the care of a doctor.
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)有一位大夫在照顧他了。（介詞短語）
⑤She fitted the clothes on and found them to be the exact size.
她把衣服試穿了，發(fā)現(xiàn)大小正合適。（動詞不定式）
⑥I find the story very interesting.
我覺得這個故事很有趣。（形容詞）
★當(dāng)find的賓語是一個動詞不定式短語時，這種結(jié)構(gòu)常寫作“find it + 形容詞 + to do sth.”的形式，意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……”。如：
①I find it useful to learn English well. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語很有用。
②He found it easy to make friends with others. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)和人交往并不難。
③We find it necessary to get a map while traveling.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)旅游時有一張地圖很必要。
★find out是指經(jīng)過調(diào)查、詢問、打聽才發(fā)現(xiàn)事情的真相。如：
①I’ll try to find out who broken the window.
我會想法子查出誰打破了那扇窗戶。
②He wrote to find out about a job in Shanghai.
他寫信去了解上海的一份工作的情況。
③She found out how much the house would cost.
她打聽這座房子要賣多少錢。
④I found out from her that she knew the subject very well.
我從她那里了解到她對這門學(xué)科了解很透徹。
11. a bit的用法
★a bit意為“稍微”“少許”“相當(dāng)”用來修飾動詞，也可以修飾形容詞和副詞及其比較級。如：
①The speaker spoke up a bit / a little so as to make himself heard more clearly.
演講者把嗓門提高一點(diǎn)，以便使別人聽得更清楚。
②I’m afraid I’ll be a bit late tonight. 恐怕今晚我要晚一點(diǎn)到。
③I’m a bit tired. 我有點(diǎn)累。
④The coffee a is a bit cold. I don’t like it. 咖啡有點(diǎn)冷，我不喜歡喝。
⑤It’s a bit cold today. 今天有點(diǎn)冷。
⑥This pair of trousers is a bit too long for me. 這條褲子對我來說太長了一點(diǎn)。
★no a bit意為“一點(diǎn)也不”，相當(dāng)于not at all。如：
①He wasn’t a bit hungry. (=He wasn’t hungry at all.) 他一點(diǎn)都不餓。
②I’m not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)也不累。
③The holiday was not a bit what we had expected.
這假期一點(diǎn)也不像我們所預(yù)料的那樣。
★not a little意為“非常”，與not a bit意為相反。如：
①I’m not a little tired. 我非常疲倦。
②He’s not a little pleased with my work. 他對我的工作相當(dāng)滿意。
③I’m not a little hungry because I had three eggs and two pieces of bread for berakfast.
因?yàn)槲以顼埑粤巳齻�雞蛋、兩塊面包，所以一點(diǎn)也不餓。
★a bit of修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“少量的”“少許”“一點(diǎn)”。如：
①Would you like another bit of cake? 你想再吃點(diǎn)蛋糕嗎？
②Please lend me a bit of money. 請借我一點(diǎn)兒錢。
③My uncle knows a bit of Japanese. 我叔叔懂一點(diǎn)日語。
12. It’s all about football, including a number of interviews with local football players.
它全是有關(guān)足球方面的，包括許多對國內(nèi)足球運(yùn)動員的采訪。
★including在句中作介詞，意為“包括”，表示談及整體中的一部分。再如：
①Twenty students of our class, including two American students, went on a trip.
我班二十個學(xué)生，包括二位美國學(xué)生，去旅行了。
②Many people, including my mother, want to buy this kind of cloth.
很多人，包括我母親，都想買這種布料。
③Fifteen persons were present, including the chairman.
十五個人都到了，包括主席。
★include用作及物動詞，表示“包括”“包括”。如：
①The plan includes most of your suggestions. 這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃里包括了你們大部分的建議。
②The price includes postage charges. 價(jià)格包括郵資在內(nèi)。
③The class of twenty includes seven girls. 全班二十人中包括七個女生。
④Your duties include putting everything in order. 我的事務(wù)包括整理一切。
13. a number of的用法
★a number of意為“若干”“許多”，后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。如：
①A number of boys have been absent some time during the term.
這學(xué)期有許多男學(xué)生有時候缺課。
②A small number of women are now holding key jobs. 現(xiàn)在有少許婦女身居要職。
③A number of students in our school like listening to music. 我校許多學(xué)生喜歡聽音樂。
★the number of表示“……的數(shù)量”，后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，但其整個短語作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如：
①The number of the students in our school is 2.300. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)是2,300。
②The number of the factories in my hometown has reached 100.
我家鄉(xiāng)的工廠數(shù)量已經(jīng)達(dá)到了100家。
③The number of the people in that city is growing fast.
這些年小汽車的數(shù)量在增加。
14. This year’s Beijing Music Awards will be covered live.
本年度的北京音樂大獎賽將現(xiàn)場直播。
★award用作名詞，意為“獎”“獎品”“獎賞”。如：
①His painting was given the highest award at the show. 他的畫在展覽會上獲得最高獎。
②He won the award of $5000. 他獲得了5000美元獎學(xué)金。
★award也可以作動詞，意為“獎賞”“獎勵”“頒發(fā)”等。如：
①The teacher awarded the boy a prize. =The teacher awarded a prize to the boy.
老師頒獎給那男孩。
②A medal was awarded (to) him. 頒給他一枚獎?wù)隆?/p>
15. 形容詞live，alive，living和lively的使用情況
★live用作形容詞或詞，意為“現(xiàn)場播出的”“實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的”“實(shí)地”。如：
①The show is going out live. 這場演出正在實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播。
②The football match is covered live on TV. 電視上正在現(xiàn)場直播那場足球賽。
③Some television and radio programs are live. 有些電視和廣播節(jié)目是實(shí)況播送的。
④There is going to be a live TV programme this evening. 今晚有電視現(xiàn)場直播節(jié)目。
★live作形容詞用，讀作[laiv]，意為“活的”“活著的”，通常用來修飾一個表示動物的名詞，但一般不用來修飾表示人的名詞。Live是這樣用時，通常只用作前置定語，不作表語。如：
①The cat was playing with a live mouse. 那只貓正在玩耍一只活老鼠。
②Have you ever seen a live whale? 你曾經(jīng)見過活的鯨魚嗎？
③That is a live fish. 那是一條活魚。
④Have you ever touched a read live snake? 你有沒有摸過活蛇？
★alive為表語形容詞，意為“活著的”“在世的”，既可以修飾人也可以修飾物。Alive作定語時，要放在被修飾名詞之后，alive也可用作表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：
①She kept the little cat alive by feeding it warm milk.
她給那只小貓喂熱牛奶，使它可以活下去。
②The fish were caught alive. 這些魚被活捉。
★living是形容詞，意思是“活著的”，可用作表語，也可用作定語，作定語時，大多置于名詞之前，有進(jìn)也可置于名詞之后；另外living可用作名詞，常構(gòu)成短語。如：the living意為“活著的人”；make a living或earn one’s living意為“謀生”。如：
①Are there any living things on one of those stars?
那些星球中，有沒有一個上面有生物的？
②Every living person has a name. 每一個活著的人都有一個名字。
③No man living could do better. 當(dāng)代人沒有一個能做得比這更好。
★lively是形容詞，意思是“生動的”“活潑的”“充滿生機(jī)的”，可用作表語或定語，修飾人或物。如：
①He had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
他有一種奇特的方法使他教的課生動又有趣。
②The sports ground is lively with all sorts of ball games.
運(yùn)動場上進(jìn)行各種球類比賽，呈現(xiàn)出一派生機(jī)勃勃的景象。
③The boy has a lively mind. 那男孩頭腦靈活。
★live by意為“……靠……為生”。如：
①They lived by fishing and hunting. 他們靠捕魚和打獵為生。
②He lives by teaching. 他以教書為生。
③They lived by honest labor. 他們靠正當(dāng)?shù)膭趧由睢?/p>
★live on意為“以……為食”“繼續(xù)活著”。如：
①People in the south live on rice. 南方人以米飯為主食。
②Mozart is dead but his music lives on. 莫扎特死了，但他的音樂還活在人們心中。
③She still lives on her parents. 她仍然靠父母生活。
④She lives mainly on fruit. 她的主要食品是水果。
16. The presentation will be held in Beijing this coming Saturday.
頒獎儀式本周六將在北京舉行。
★presentation用作名詞，意為“贈送”“授予”“頒授”。如：
①The presentation of prize will begin at two o’clock in the afternoon.
頒獎儀式將在下午二點(diǎn)開始。
②The Queen will make the presentation herself. 女王將親自授予獎品（親自頒獎）。
★present用作形容詞，放在名詞前，意為“現(xiàn)在的”“現(xiàn)存的”。如：
①Don’t bother him. He’s busy at the present moment (=at present).
別煩他，他現(xiàn)在正忙著。
②What is your present address? 你現(xiàn)在的地址是什么地方？
★present用作形容詞，在句中用作表語或后置定語，意為“出席的、在場的”。如：
①How many people were present at the meeting? 有多少人參加了會議？
②All are present and all is going on well. 全體人員都到了，一切進(jìn)展順利。
③Present at the meeting were our teachers, headmaster and some students.
出席會議的有我們的老師，校長和一些學(xué)生。
④All the people present agreed to the plan. 在場的所有人都同意該計(jì)劃。
★present和gift的區(qū)別
present和gift都可作“禮物”解，一般來說可以通用，但gift帶有一定感情色彩，有時有“捐贈”的意思。如：
①I’m buying it for a present/gifts on her 15th birthday.
珍妮在她15歲生日時收到許多禮物。
②I’m buying it for a present/gifts, so please wrap it up nicely.
我買東西是送人的，請包得好一些。
③This was given me as a birthday gift/present.
這是人家送給我的生日禮物。
④This album of paintings is a gift from and old professor.
這本畫集是一位老教授捐贈的。（此句用gift比用present好）
⑤I’ll make you a present of it. 我可以把這個送給你。
17. hold的用法
★hold在本課中作動詞，意為“舉行”“進(jìn)行”。如：
①We hold our class meeting every week. 我們班每星期舉行一次班會。
②The 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008.
第二十九屆奧運(yùn)會將于2008年在北京舉行。
★hold用作動詞，還表示“捉住”“拿住”。如：
①Hold my hat, please. 請拿著我的帽子。
②The little girl held her father’s hand. 小女孩拉著她父親的手。
③The mother’s holding her baby in her arms. 母親抱著嬰兒。
④The winning captain held the trophy in the air. 獲勝隊(duì)的隊(duì)長把獎杯高舉到空中。
★hold用作動詞，還表示“容納”“裝下”“包含”的意思。如：
①This plastic bag is not big enough to hold so many buns.
這只塑料口袋不夠大，裝不下那么多饅頭。
②The plane holds about 400 passengers. 這架飛機(jī)能乘約400名乘客。
★hold back意為“阻礙、阻止、忍住、保留等”。如：
①They built banks of earth to hold back the rising flood waters.
他們修筑了堤壩來阻擋上漲的洪水。
②No difficulty can hold us back. 沒有任何困難能阻止我們前進(jìn)。
③They held back some important information. 有一些重要情況他們沒講。
★hold on意為“堅(jiān)持”，用于打電話，表示“別掛”。如：
①They decided to hold on till help came. 他們決定堅(jiān)持到援助到來。
②Hold on, everything will be all right. 堅(jiān)持下去，一切會好的。
③Hold on a moment, please. 請等一會（別掛）。
★hold用作名詞，意為“抓住”“握住”。如：
①Please catch (get, take) hold of the rope. 請抓住繩子。
②I can’t catch hold of it. It’s too far away. 我抓不住它，它離我太遠(yuǎn)了。
18. All the big pop stars will attend. 所有流行樂壇的巨星將出席這次盛會。
★attend作動詞，意為“出席”“參加”某個集會、盛會或儀式，也可以表示“上”某個學(xué)校。如：
①Who attended the meeting? 誰出席了會議？
②He attended at a meeting yesterday. 他昨日參加了會議。
③They attended the church. 他們?nèi)ソ烫昧恕?/p>
④Our teacher suggested that he attend a technical school. 我們的老師建議他去上技校。
★attend用作動詞，表示“照料（某人），看護(hù)（某人）”，可與on連用。如：
①He has two nurses attending (on) him. 有兩位護(hù)士看護(hù)著他。
②Which doctor is attending you? 哪位醫(yī)生為你看病？
③Dr. Smith attended her in hospital. 史密斯醫(yī)生在醫(yī)院中給他治病。
★join用作動詞，也可表示“參加”的意思，但主要指參加某個組織，成為其中的一個成員。如：
①His sister joined the League last year. 他的妹妹去年參加了共青團(tuán)。
②Please join us in the party. 請一起參加我們的聚會吧。
★take part in指參加會議或群眾性活動，重在說明參加活動并發(fā)揮作用，該短語不能用于被動語態(tài)。如：
①We’ll take part in social activities during the summer vacation.
我們在暑假期間將參加社會活動。
②Are you going to take part in the discussion? 你將參加討論嗎？
19. Two thousand fans have voted online for their favourite songs, singers and music videos.
兩千歌迷已經(jīng)在網(wǎng)上投票選出他們最喜歡的歌曲、歌手和音樂唱片。
★vote用作動詞，意為“投票選舉”“表決”。如：
①Lots of them had no right to vote. 那時許多人沒有選舉權(quán)。
②I shall vote for Hall because I think he’s the better man.
我將投票選霍爾，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為他是較出色的人。
③He was voted a good member. 大家一致認(rèn)為他是一個好會員。
★vote作名詞用，意為“投票”“表決”。如：
①Not everybody has the vote. 并不是每個人都有投票權(quán)。
②The person who receives the most votes in elected. 得票最多的人當(dāng)選。
③I cast my vote for (against) the proposal. 我投票贊成（反對）那項(xiàng)提案。
20. The results will be announced during the programme. 節(jié)目現(xiàn)場將宣布評選結(jié)果。
★result用作名詞，表示“結(jié)果”“成績”。如：
①What is the result of your entrance examination? 你入學(xué)考試成績?nèi)绾危?/p>
② We worked all day, but without (any) result. 我們干了整整一天，可是毫無結(jié)果。
③I heard the football results on the radio. 我在廣播中聽到了足球比賽的結(jié)果。
★as a result是一個習(xí)慣短語，意為“因此”“結(jié)果”。如：
①He didn’t practice, and as a result he lost. 他沒有練習(xí)，所以輸了。
②She missed the bus, and as a result she was late for school.
她沒有趕上公共汽車，所以上學(xué)遲到了。
③The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.
交通十分擁擠，因此我們沒有能準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)。
★as a result of意為“因?yàn)椤薄坝捎凇薄Ｈ纾?/p>
①As a result of the accident, Tom arrived late at the station.
因?yàn)槟且馔馐录瑴返交疖囌就砹恕?/p>
②As a result of warning, nobody was hurt. 由于得到警告，因此沒有人受傷。
③He was late as a result of the traffic jam. 由于交通阻塞，他遲到了。
★result用作動詞，意為“發(fā)生”“產(chǎn)生”“導(dǎo)致”，常與介詞in或from連用，in后面表示導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，而from后面表示產(chǎn)生的原因。如：
①The accident resulted in three deaths. 事故造成三人死亡。
②His attempt resulted in failure. 他的嘗試最終失敗了。
③The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.
那樁可怕的意外事故因他的疏忽大意而引起。
④Flood resulted from heavy rain. 洪水是暴雨造成的。
21. announce的用法
★announce用作動詞，意為“宣布”“發(fā)表”。如：
①The morning paper announced the death of Mr. Smith.
晨報(bào)發(fā)表了史密斯先生的死亡消息。
②The news was announced by Radio Beijing.
這消息由北京（英語）廣播電臺發(fā)表了。
③Jonathan announced that he had found a new job.
喬納森宣布他已經(jīng)找到新工作。
★announcement用作名詞，意為“通行”“通知”“布告”。如：
①I’d like to make an important announcement.
我要發(fā)表一項(xiàng)重要聲名。
②The official announcement of the cause of the accident appeared in the newspapers.
那意外事件原因的正式聲明刊登在各報(bào)紙上。
22. Don’t miss it. 希望大家不要錯過。
★miss用作動詞，表示“錯過”“沒趕上”。如：
①You can’t afford to miss meals when you are in training.
你在接受訓(xùn)練，可不能不吃飯啊。
②She said she was sorry to have missed you. 她說她沒有見到你很遺憾。
③We nearly missed the ship. 我們差一點(diǎn)就誤了船。
★miss用作動詞，意為“漏掉”“沒打中”。如：
①I threw the ball to Jack, but he missed it. 我把球扔給杰克，但他沒有接住。
②He shot at the bird but missed. 他向鳥開槍，但是沒有打中。
★miss作動詞，還可以表示“想念”“惦記”“懷念”。如：
①We’ve missed you badly since you left. 你走之后，我們都非常想念你。
②I missed you very much while you were away. 你不在這里的時候，我非常想念你。
③What did you miss most when you lived abroad?
你在國外生活的時候最懷念的是什么？
★miss用作動詞，還可以表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)某物丟失”。如：
①You say you have lost the letter, when did you miss it?
你說你把信丟了，你什么時候發(fā)現(xiàn)信不見了？
②He is so careless that he would not miss any money that might be stolen from him.
他很粗心，如果有人偷了他的錢，他也不會發(fā)現(xiàn)錢少了。
③We seem to be missing some students this morning.
今天早上我們好像有幾位同學(xué)沒到。
★missing用作形容詞，意為“丟失的”“下落不明的”。如：
①He is said to be missing. 據(jù)說他失蹤了。
②Is anything else missing? 還有什么東西丟失嗎？
③They are looking for the missing child. 他們在尋找丟失的孩子。
23. Murder is a Country House is a horror film directed by Cindy Clark, a new director.
《鄉(xiāng)村小屋謀殺案》是一部由導(dǎo)演新秀辛迪，克拉克導(dǎo)演的恐怖電影。
★murder用作名詞，意為“謀殺”“謀殺罪”“兇殺案”。如：
①The murder did out. 謀殺案已經(jīng)真相大白。
②The police are still looking for the murder weapon. 警察仍在尋找殺人兇器。
③There were two murders in a month. 一個月中有兩起兇殺案。
④They investigated the murder. 他們調(diào)查了這件殺人事件。
【注】murderer是名詞，意為“謀殺”，強(qiáng)調(diào)帶有某種目的去殺害某人。如：
⑤He was murdered last week. 上星期他被謀殺了。
⑥The man robbed and murdered the rich man. 那男人搶劫并殺害了那位有錢人。
★kill用作動詞，意為“殺害”“殺死”“死亡”，可泛指任何一種主觀的或客觀的“殺害”行為或死亡現(xiàn)象。如：
①He killed himself on the railway. 他在鐵路上自殺了。
②The cold killed the flowers. 寒冷把花凍死了。
③Some people killed the animals for their fur. 有些人為獲取毛皮而捕殺動物。
④It’s still unknown who killed the old man. 至今仍不知道誰殺死了那位老人。
24. horror的用法
horror用作名詞，表示“恐怖”“極端厭惡”。如：
①It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror.
那（表情）不是生氣，不是驚訝，不是不滿，也不是厭惡。
②She ran away in horror from the snake. 她很恐怖地跑了，躲開那條蛇。
③They were filled with horror when they heard the bad news.
他們聽到這個壞消息，十分驚恐。
④In this section you’ll find horror and science fiction.
你可以在這一部分找恐怖和科幻小說。
Unit 4 TV Programmes（2）
第四單元 電視節(jié)目
25. direct的用法
★direct用作動詞，意為“導(dǎo)演”“指導(dǎo)”“指揮”。如：
①The film was directed by Zhang Yimou. 這部影片是由張藝謀導(dǎo)演的。
②He directed the building of that new bridge. 他指揮那座新橋梁的建設(shè)工程。
★direct用作動詞，意為“指示”“命令”。如：
①The officer directed his men to advance slowly. 那個軍官命令部下緩慢前進(jìn)。
②The policeman directed people to move back. 那警察命令人們往后退。
★direct用作動詞，意為“指引”“指路”。如：
①Can you direct me to the post office? 你能指給我看去郵局的路嗎？
②Signposts direct travelers. 標(biāo)志牌給游客引路。
★direct用作形容詞，意為“直接的”“直達(dá)的”“直截了當(dāng)?shù)摹薄Ｈ纾?/p>
①Please tell me the most direct way to the town. 請告訴我去那城市最近的線路。
②May I ask you a direct question? 我可以直截了當(dāng)?shù)貑柲阋粋�問題嗎？
③I’ve always found her direct and open. 我總覺得她很坦誠直爽。
④I know there is a direct flight to Shanghai. 我知道有直飛上海的航班。
⑤Would you please give me a direct answer? 給我一個直接的回答好嗎？
⑥Is this a direct train to London? 這是直達(dá)倫敦的火車嗎？
★directly用作副詞，意為“直接地”“正好”“立即”“直率地”。如：
①He lives directly opposite the church. 他住在教堂的正對面。
②She answered me very directly. 她非常直率地回答了我。
③He went directly to his office. 他直接往辦公室去。
26. The film is excellent and full of horror and mystery.
影片非常精彩，而且充滿了恐怖和神秘色彩。
★full形容詞，意思是“滿的”“充滿的”。如：
①The big water jar was full. 大水缸里的水是滿的。
②We can’t go into the theatre because it is full. 電影院我們進(jìn)不去了，已經(jīng)客滿了。
③She could only nod, because her mouth was full.
她只能點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，因?yàn)樗诶锶麧M了東西。
★full用作形容詞，意為“完全的”“全部的”。如：
①Please write down your full name and address. 請寫下你的全名和詳細(xì)地址。
②The course lasts a full year. 這課程要上整整一年。
③He got a full mark in the exam yesterday. 他昨天考試得了滿分。
④Run at full speed. 全速跑步。
★be full of意為“充滿……”，相當(dāng)于be filled with。如：
①The bottle is full of wine. 這瓶子裝滿了酒。
②My suitcase was full of books. 我的手提箱里裝滿了書。
③The sky was full of bright coloured fireworks. 滿天一片色彩絢麗的煙火。
④There were cardboard boxes stuffed full of clothes. 有塞滿衣服的一個一個紙箱。
27. mystery的用法
mystery用作名詞，意思是“不可思議的事物”“神秘的事物”。如：
①It is not a mystery to me. 這對我來說不是什么奧秘。
②It’s a mystery to us all. 我們都覺得不可思議。
③It’s a mystery what he sees in her. 他從她身上看到了什么，是一個謎。
④Have you heard about the mystery of the ship that disappeared?
你聽到關(guān)于那只船神秘地失蹤的事了嗎？
【注】mysterious為形容詞。
28. If you enjoy the feeling of being scared, you will love this film.
如果你喜歡受驚嚇的感覺，你會喜歡這部電影。
★scared用作形容詞，意為“害怕的，恐懼的”，其常用結(jié)構(gòu)為be scared of sth. / sb；或be scared of doing sth. 或be scared to do sth. 或be scared that…。如：
①She’s scared of walking home alone. 她害怕單獨(dú)走回家。
②Everyone was too scared to move. 大家害怕得都不敢動彈。
③We are all scared that we might lose our jobs. 我們大家都害怕失業(yè)。
★scare用作動詞，意為“驚嚇，使害怕”，與frighten同義。如：
①The sudden noise scared us all. 那突然而來的聲音把我們都嚇壞了。
②His idea scared me. 他的想法使我震驚。
③Don’t let the noise scare you, it’s only the wind.
別讓那聲音把你嚇著了，那不過是風(fēng)聲。
④He is a man who doesn’t scares easily. 他是個不容易驚慌的人。
★scare用作動詞，意為“嚇跑，使害怕而逃走”，常與off或away連用。如：
①People keep a dog to scare away thieves. 人們養(yǎng)狗來嚇跑小偷。
②Keep quiet, or you’ll scare off (away) the bird. 安靜，要不然你就把那只鳥給嚇跑了。
③Don’t make any noise or you’ll scare the birds away.
不要弄出聲響，不然的話你會把那些鳥嚇跑的。
【注】scare sb. into (out of) doing sth. 表示“嚇得某人敢（不敢）做某事”。如：
④They scared him into handing over the keys. 他們把他嚇得交出了鑰匙。
⑤They scared her out of telling the police. 他們把她嚇得不敢報(bào)警。
★scare作可數(shù)名詞用，表示“驚恐”“恐慌”“驚嚇”。如：
①You did give me a scare. 你的確嚇著了我。
②The news gave them a scare. 那消息使他們嚇了一跳。
29. If you get scared easily, do not watch it! The actors are all new, yet they all did very well.
而如果你容易被嚇壞，千萬別看它！片中男演員都是新手，但他們的表演都很出色。
★yet在這里用作連詞，意為“然而”“可是”，相當(dāng)于but。再如：
①We have won great victories, yet we have a lot more to do.
我們已經(jīng)取得了巨大勝利，但我們還有很多事要做。
②It is strange, (and) yet it is true. 這件事很奇怪，然而它卻是真的。
③He worked hard, yet he failed. 他努力工作，然而他失敗了。
④I have slept eight hours, yet I’m still sleepy. 我已睡了八小時，可我還想睡。
★yet用作副詞，意為“還沒有”，用于否定句，一般位于句末。如：
①They haven’t started yet. 他們還沒有開始。
②Supper isn’t ready yet. 晚飯還沒有準(zhǔn)備好。
③We’ve had no news from him. 我們還沒有接到他的消息。
④When we called at his house, he was not up yet. 我到他家拜訪時，他還沒有起床。
⑤“Has he returned your money?” “Not yet.” “他還你的錢了嗎？”“還沒有。”
★yet用作副詞，意為“已經(jīng)”，用在一般疑問句和否定句中，already一般用在肯定句中。如：
①Has he gone out yet? 他已經(jīng)出門了嗎？
②Is the post office closed yet? 郵局已經(jīng)關(guān)門了嗎？
③Is everything ready yet? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？
④Have you heard from your parents yet? 你收到你父母的來信了嗎？
30. You can see scenes of India, one of the places on Earth where tigers still live.
你可以領(lǐng)略到印度的風(fēng)光，這里是世界上老虎仍然生存的幾個地方之一。
★on earth意為“世界上”，相當(dāng)于in the world。有時Earth大寫是為了加強(qiáng)語氣，以烘托珍稀的含義。如：
①You are the happiest man on earth. 你是世界上最幸福的人。
②Marx was the greatest man on earth. 馬克思是世上最偉大的人。
★on earth意為“究竟”“到底”，用于疑問詞、否定詞或最高級后用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如：
①What on earth is the matter there? 那里究竟發(fā)生了什么？
②how on earth can she afford that? 她怎么可能負(fù)擔(dān)得起呢？
③Where on earth can he be? 他到底在哪呢？
④No force on earth can hold back the wheel of history.
沒有任何力量能夠阻擋歷史車輪的前進(jìn)。
⑤No thing on earth would persuade me to go with him.
無論什么都不能說服我跟他一塊走。
31. The Asian tiger, now in danger, is shown in its natural habitat.
影片向人們展示了正處在危險(xiǎn)中的非洲虎的自然生存環(huán)境。
★in danger是一個習(xí)慣短語，意為“處于危險(xiǎn)之中”，表示狀態(tài)。如：
①M(fèi)any of the world’s animals and plants are in danger.
世界上的許多動物和植物處于危險(xiǎn)之中。
②The man is in danger. 此人處境危險(xiǎn)。
③Those elephants’ lives are in danger every time they cross the road.
那些大象每次過這條路都有生命危險(xiǎn)。
★in danger of意為“有……的危險(xiǎn)”。如：
①He is in danger of losing his job. 他有丟失工作的危險(xiǎn)。
②The patient is in danger of dying. 病人有死亡的危險(xiǎn)。
③Today many kinds of animals are in danger of dying out. 現(xiàn)在許多動物有滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。
★out of danger意為“脫離危險(xiǎn)”。如：
①The patient is out of danger. 病人已脫離危險(xiǎn)。
②She was very ill, but she is now out of danger. 她病重，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)脫離了危險(xiǎn)。
★danger用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“可能引起危險(xiǎn)的人或事”，用作不可數(shù)名詞，指一般的危險(xiǎn)。如：
①He looked around carefully for hidden dangers. 他仔細(xì)觀察看四周有無隱藏的危險(xiǎn)。
②That man is a danger to society. 那個人是社會的危險(xiǎn)分子。
③Is there any danger of fire? 有火災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)嗎？
④In war a soldier’s life is full of danger. 戰(zhàn)爭中一個士兵的生命是充滿了危險(xiǎn)的。
★dangerous用作形容詞，意為“危險(xiǎn)的”，指主語本身具有危險(xiǎn)的性質(zhì)，對其他人或物構(gòu)成威脅。如：
①The man is dangerous. 此人危險(xiǎn)（會傷害別人）。
②The river is dangerous to swim in. 在這條河里游泳有危險(xiǎn)。
③That is a dangerous bridge. 那是一座危橋。
④The more dangerous it is, the more I like it. 越是危險(xiǎn)我越喜歡。
【注】The man is in danger.表示“那人處在危險(xiǎn)中”。The man is dangerous.表示“那人危險(xiǎn)，可能會傷人”。
32. show的用法小結(jié)
★show用作動詞，意為“……給人看”，常用show sb. sth. 或show sth. to sb. 結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
①She has shown them to all her friends. 她把那些東西給她所有的朋友都看過了。
②Will you please show me your stamp collection? 把你收集的郵票給我看看好嗎？
③He showed me his pictures. 他把他的畫給我看。
★show用作動詞，意為“說明、表明、演示、教某人做”，后接that從句，連接代/副詞引起的從句，以及不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等。再如：
①His speech showed that he didn’t understand the subject.
他的發(fā)言說明他對這問題并不了解。
②They wanted to show that they were sincere. 他們想表現(xiàn)出他們是有誠意的。
③Will you show me how to use this machine? 你能教我怎樣使用這部機(jī)器嗎？
④I’ll show you what to do. 我來做給你們看該怎樣做。
★show用作動詞，還可表示“表現(xiàn)、顯露”的意思。如：
①The leader seldom shows herself in public. 這位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)很少在公眾場合露面。
②Does the mark of the wound still show? 傷痕還看得出嗎？
③Her worry showed in her eyes. 她的憂愁在眼神里露了出來。
★show用作動詞還可表示“放映、展出”。如：
①All major cities are showing the film. 所有大城市都在放映這部電影。
②They also set up exhibitions or showed films. 他們還舉辦展覽會或放映電影。
③The paintings were shown at the Beijing Art Gallery. 這些畫在北京美術(shù)館展出。
★show用作及物動詞，后接介詞in, to, out, around等，意為“帶領(lǐng)某人到……”。如：
①Come along, I’ll show you to your room. 來吧，我?guī)愕侥愕姆块g去。
②The guide showed us over/around/round the old castle. 向?qū)覀內(nèi)⒂^那座古堡。
③Show him in, please. 請帶他們進(jìn)來。
★show用作名詞時，意為“表演”“節(jié)目展覽”“展覽會”“炫耀”。如：
①In the middle of the show, I plan to sing a song. 在表演中間，我打算唱一首歌。
②She has her own chat show. 她有個個人漫談節(jié)目。
③The most successful shows in the London theatre are often musicals.
倫敦劇院最叫座的劇目往往是歌舞喜劇。
④He only has those books for show; he never reads them.
他的那些書只是裝門面的，他從來不看。
⑤All the new products were on show at the exhibition.
展覽會上陳列著所有的新產(chǎn)品。
33. The producers won an award for photography. 制片人獲得攝影獎。
★producer用作名詞，意為“生產(chǎn)者”“制造者”“制片人”。如：
①That country is famous as a producer of oil. 那國家以生產(chǎn)石油聞名。
②He wants to be a producer. 他想當(dāng)一位制片人。
★produce用作動詞，意為“生產(chǎn)”“產(chǎn)出”“制造”。如：
①America produced more cars this year than last year. 美國今年生產(chǎn)的汽車比去年多。
②She has produced very little work recently. 她近來作品很少。
③What does this farm produce? 這個農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)什么？
④Canada produces good wheat. 加拿大出產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)小麥。
⑤That car factory produces 500 cars a week. 那家汽車廠每周制造500輛小車。
★produce用作動詞，可表示“引起（某事物）產(chǎn)生”“導(dǎo)致”。如：
①His hard work produced good results. 他努力工作換來了優(yōu)異的成績。
②Her jokes produced a great deal of laughter. 她的笑話引起哄堂大笑。
★produce用作動詞還可表示“出示”“拿出”，相當(dāng)于show。如：
①They had to produce their passports on the train. 他們在火車上必須出示護(hù)照。
②He suddenly produced a knife. 他突然拿出刀來。
③She produced a letter from her pocket. 她從口袋里掏出一封信來。
④Produce your tickets, please. 請把票拿出來。
⑤With the words, he produced his ID. 說著，他拿出了他的身份證。
★produce用作動詞還可表示“制作”“上演”。如：
①The play was badly produced. 這出戲制作的很糟糕。
②They are going to produce a new play. 他們將演出一臺新戲。
③The film was produced by the Beijing Film Studio.
這部電影是北京電影制片廠攝制的。
34. Tiger Watch also plays an important role in educating the public about these powerful animals.
《老虎觀察》也在教育公眾關(guān)愛這種兇猛動物方面扮演著重要角色。
★role作名詞用，意為“（戲劇中）角色”。如：
①While still a student, she played roles in many plays.
還是學(xué)生時，她就在多部電影里扮演角色。
②What is John’s role in the play? 約翰在劇中擔(dān)任什么角色？
③He played the role of the king in the comedy. 他在那部喜劇中扮演一位國王。
★role作名詞用，意為“（現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的）作用、身份”。如：
①He assumed the role of interpreter for the group. 他為團(tuán)體承擔(dān)譯員角色。
②He was unsatisfied with his role as a cleaner. 他不滿意自己做個清潔工。
③Would you mind the role of a doorkeeper? 你介意做個守門人嗎？
★play a / the role of為一個固定詞組，意為“擔(dān)任……角色”“發(fā)揮……作用”，相當(dāng)于“play a / the part of”。如：
①The headmaster plays an important role in the running of a school.
校長在學(xué)校工作的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中起著重要作用。
②Helen wished to play the leading role / part. 海倫想擔(dān)任主角。
③His invention plays an important role in developing agriculture.
他的發(fā)明在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)方面起著重要作用。
④GongLi played the leading role in this film. 鞏俐在這部電影里擔(dān)任主角
35. public的用法
★public用作名詞，意為“公眾”“民眾”。如：
①This law has been passed for the public safety. 通過這條法律是為了保證公眾的安全。
②I am not used to speaking in public. 我不習(xí)慣于當(dāng)眾講話。
③The palace is now open to the public. 這個宮殿現(xiàn)在對公眾開放。
④There have been many complaints from members of the public.
現(xiàn)在有大量的民眾投訴。
【注】當(dāng)public作主語時，其謂語動詞根據(jù)需要，既可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
⑤The public has / have a right to know what is contained in the report.
公眾有權(quán)了解報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。
⑥At that time the public was / were aware of the health risks.
那時公眾對各種危及健康的因素尚不了解。
★public還可以作形容詞，意思是“公眾的”“公共的”“國家的”“政府的”。如：
①You mustn’t do that in a public place.
你不應(yīng)在公共場所（或大庭廣眾之中）做這種事。
②The public library is near the park. 公共圖書館在公園附近。
③The park in town is public, but some gardens are private.
城里的公園是對公眾開放的，但有些花園是私人的。
④This may be the band’s last public appearance together.
這也許是這個樂隊(duì)的最后一次全體公開亮相。
⑤The media has a powerful influence on public opinion.
傳媒對輿論有巨大的影響。
36. includes the latest information包括最新消息
★latest用作形容詞，意為“最新的”“最近的”。如：
①I want to buy the latest issue of the “English Language Learning”.
我要買最近一期的《英語學(xué)習(xí)》。
②Have you heard the latest news? 你聽到最新消息了嗎？
③Irene has all the latest pop records. 最新的流行歌曲唱片艾琳都有。
④Have you read her latest novel? 你看過她最近出版的小說嗎？
★at the latest意為“最遲”“至遲”。如：
①Be here by twelve o’clock at the latest. 最遲十二點(diǎn)來到這兒。
②We must be there by 7 p.m. at the latest. 我們最遲七點(diǎn)要到達(dá)那里。
37. Millie is thinking about which programme to watch.
Millie正在考慮該看哪個電視節(jié)目。
★think about通常作“考慮”講，如果用于由what引導(dǎo)的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)中是表示“看法”的意思。如：
①I must think about it. 對這件事我再考慮一下。
②Are you still thinking about moving? 你是不是還在考慮搬家。
③Don’t you ever think about other people? 你從來就不考慮考慮別人嗎？
④What do you think about China? 你覺得中國怎么樣？
★think of通常作“想起”或“想出”講。如：
①I never thought of looking for the key under the book.
我從來沒有想到在書下面去找鑰匙。
②When I think of the crowded streets, I prefer to stay at home.
一想到街上擁擠的情形，我寧愿呆在家里。
③I can’t think of his name at the moment. 我一時想不起他的名字了。
④This picture makes me think of my childhood. 這張照片令我想起我的童年。
【注】think of也可作“考慮”講，這時可與think about互換。如：
⑤What are you thinking of (about)? 你在想什么？
⑥There are so many things to think of (about) before we decide.
我們要考慮到許多方面然后才能做決定。
⑦He’s thinking of (about) giving up his studies and getting a job.
他正在考慮放棄學(xué)業(yè)，找份工作。
⑧What do you think of the play? 你覺得那個話劇怎么樣？
★think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮”“慎重思考”“思索”。如：
①Let me think it over. 讓我好好想一想。
②Please think over what I’ve said. 請仔細(xì)考慮我說的話。
③I’d like more time to think things over. 我要多用些時間把事情好好想想。
④Don’t answer his letter now, think it over. 現(xiàn)在先不要回他的信，想一想再說。
★think用作動詞，意為“想”“思考”“認(rèn)為”。如：
①Think before you answer the question? 你先想一下，然后再回答問題。
②He may not say much but he thinks a lot. 別看他說得不多，但他想得很多。
③Are animals able to think? 動物會思考嗎？
④Who do you think is the best student in your class?
你認(rèn)為誰是你們班上最好的學(xué)生？
【注】當(dāng)think用來引導(dǎo)一個否定的賓語從句時，通常把think變成否定。如：
⑤I don’t think he will do it. 我認(rèn)為他不會做那件事。
【注】do you think可以做插入語。如：
⑥Why do you think she burst into tears? 你認(rèn)為她為甚么突然哭起來？
38. However, she does not know what words to use to replace the underlined phrases below.
可是她不知道使用什么單詞來替換下面的劃線短語。
★replace用作動詞，意為“把……放回原處”。如：
①Please replace the book on the shelf when you have finished reading it.
你看完那本書后，請把它放回書架。
②Please replace the dictionary after you use it. 你用過詞典后，請把它放回原處。
③Replace the newspapers after reading. 閱讀完報(bào)紙后，請放回原處。
★replace用作動詞，意為“取代”“代替”。如：
①They will replace coal fires by gas. 他們將用煤氣取代煤火。
②Can anything replace a mother’s love and care?
有什么東西能代替母親的愛和照顧嗎？
③George has replaced Jack as captain of the team. 喬治接替杰克當(dāng)了隊(duì)長。
④We have replaced the old computer with a new one.
我們用一臺新電腦更換了那臺舊的。
39. below的用法
★below用作副詞，意為“在或向較低處”。如：
①I don’t live on the top floor. I live on the floor below. 我不是住在頂層，我住在下一層。
②The bottom was a few hundred feet below. 洞有幾百英尺深。
③Can you hear the music from below? 你能聽到從下面?zhèn)鱽淼囊魳穯幔?/p>
★below用作介詞，意思是“在或向低于（某人/某物的）位置、平面、等級等”。如：
①He lives in the flat below me. 他住在我下面那一層的單元。
②The temperature remained below freezing all day. 溫度整天都在冰點(diǎn)以下。
③The standard of his work is well below the average of his class.
他的成績大大低于班上的平均成績。
④You can cross the river a short distance below the waterfall.
在瀑布下游附近可以過河。
★below用作介詞，意思是“在……下面”，指位置低于某物或在某物的下方，但不一定在某物的正下方，其反義詞是above。如：
①Did you see the boat below the bridge? 你看到橋下游的船了嗎？
②Where shall I write the number, on, above or below the line?
我把號碼寫在哪兒，壓線，線上還是線下？
③Pay attention to the rock below the surface of the river.
注意水面下的巖石。
★under是介詞，意思是“在……下面”，指某物的正下方，有垂直在下的意思，其反義詞是over。如：
①His shoes are under the desk. 他的鞋在桌子底下。
②What’s under the bridge? 橋底下有什么？
③Now we are flying over the city, and we can see the railway station directly under us.
現(xiàn)在我們正在飛躍城市的上空，在我們的正下方可以看到火車站。
【注】表示數(shù)量的多少時，兩者可通用。如：
④He is below / under fifty. 他不到五十歲。
40. Recommend the most suitable Saturday TV programmes to Millie and her friends.
推薦最適合的周六電視節(jié)目給Millie和她的朋友們。
41. Choose from the four programmes listed on pages 60 and 61.
選取60和61頁上列出的四個節(jié)目。
★choose用作動詞，意為“選擇”“挑選”，通常指在所提供的對象中，憑個人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇。如：
①I’ll let you choose how you’re going to die. 我要讓你自己選擇死的方法。
②Choose the best answer. 選擇最佳答案。
③I don’t know which one to choose. 我不知道選擇哪一個。
④I’ve chosen them because of the colours. 我挑了它們，因?yàn)樗鼈冾伾容^好。
⑤His League group chose him as their leader. 他們的團(tuán)小組選他當(dāng)了組長。
★select用作動詞，也表示“選擇”“挑選”，主要指有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇。有“精選”的涵義。如：
①He looked through the suits and selected the cheapest one for me.
他在那些衣服里找了一陣，挑了一套最便宜的給我。
②You can select five things that represent Chinese culture.
你可以挑選五種東西代表中國文化。
★pick out也可表示“選擇”“挑選”，比較通俗，指按個人喜好或希望進(jìn)行挑選，多用于有形的東西（人或物）。如：
①You can pick out your new bicycle. 你可以為自己挑選一輛新自行車。
②Here are some magazines. You can pick out those you want.
這里有一些雜志，你可挑出你要的。
③It took Mary a long time to pick out a new dress at the store.
瑪麗在店里花了好長時間才挑好一件新衣裳。
42. Sandy wants to practice saying the different “-s” endings.
Sandy想要練習(xí)不同的以“-s”結(jié)尾的發(fā)音。
practice用作動詞，表示“練習(xí)”，后面賓語如是的動詞則用-ing形式，表示“練習(xí)做某事”。如：
①He is practicing the piano now. 他現(xiàn)在正在練（習(xí)彈）鋼琴。
②The trouble is that we don’t practice enough. 問題是我們練習(xí)得不夠。
③The team is practicing for the match on Saturday.
這個隊(duì)正在為星期六的比賽進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。
④We often practice speaking English among ourselves. 我們經(jīng)常互相間練習(xí)講英語。
⑤He is practicing reversing the car into the garage. 他在練習(xí)倒車入車庫。
同步練習(xí)
1. Of all the stars, the sun is .
A. the big B. the bigger C. the biggest D. big
2. The dumplings taste . Please help yourselves.
A. had B. so-so C. well D. delicious
3. her way home, Liu Mei helped a lost child find his mother.
A. By B. In C. At D. On
4. , China will send up a spaceship with people into space.
A. Before long B. So far C. From then on D. Long before
5. That digital camera is too and I can’t afford it.
A. much B. high C. cheap D. expensive
6. We can’t see the sun night.
A. in B. on C. at D. to
7. Changzhou lies the south of Jiangsu and the west of Wuxi.
A. in; in B. on; to C. in; on D. to; on
8. It’s very kind you to show me they way.
A. for B. of C. with D. from
9. They found very hard to work out the problem.
A. it B. its C. this D. that
10. How much did the car you?
A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay
11. “The Young Pioneers often help the old man do some cleaning.”
“ .”
A. So they do B. So do they C. So we do D. We either
12. “Would you mind my opening the window?”
“ .”
A. Of course, open it B. Certainly, do please
C. No, don’t do it D. Not, at all
13. “Where is Mr. Jiang?” “He London.”
A. has been to B. has been C. has gone D. has gone to
14. “Is Jim at home by himself?”
“No, There is another boy with him.”
A. playing B. play C. plays D. to play
15. Zhongshan Road is road in our city.
A. the two widest B. a second widest
C. the second wider D. the second widest
16. I really don’t know what to about such a thing.
A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell
17. “ does he take this medicine?” “Twice a day.”
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much
18. She was so angry at he was doing she walked out without a word.
A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. what; what
19. Half of the class most of the work. Some of the work really difficult.
A. have done; is B. had done; are C. has done; is D. have done; are
20. There are many trees on side of the street, and of the trees is still increasing.
A. both; the number B. either; the number
C. both; a number D. either; a number
21. I was told Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.
A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when
22. “Which colour do you prefer, red or pink?”
“ . I really don’t mind.”
A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither
23. “He didn’t catch the train, did he?”
“ , though he was caught in the rain.”
A. No, he didn’t B. Yes, he did C. No, he did D. Yes, he didn’t
24. Is Russia Asian or European country?
A. the; an; a B. /; an; a C. /; an; an D. /; the; the
25. It’s the third time you late this month.
A. have reached B. head reached C. have arrived D. had arrived
26. The traffic accident happened near the post office a rainy night.
A. at B. in C. on D. from
27. Usually Li Lei spends time doing homework than Lin Tao does.
A. little B. less C. few D. fewer
28. The computer needs . I think I need to ask Mr. Zhang for help.
A. fixing; going B. fixing; to go C. to fix; going D. to fix; to go
29. There’s “h” in the word hour.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
30. Wow, so many books. We need to tidy this shelf to make for our new books.
A. place B. space C. room D. rooms
答案與提示
1. C 根據(jù)Of all the stars，形容詞應(yīng)該用最高級。
2. D 從后句說Please help yourselves.可知這餃子很好吃。
3. D 這是一個介詞的固定用法。
4. A Before long表示“不久以后”，根據(jù)后面的動詞將來時可知。
5. D expensive表示“價(jià)錢貴”；much表示“花錢多”，常跟在cost后；high表示“貴”，其主語應(yīng)該是“price”。
6. C “at night”是固定結(jié)構(gòu)；如用“in”，則night前要用定冠詞。
7. C “in”表示“在某個范圍以內(nèi)”，“on”表示“在某個范圍以外，但兩著接觸”根據(jù)地理上的實(shí)際情況，應(yīng)該選此項(xiàng)。
8. B 在這種“It is + adj + prep + sb.”的句型中，如果介詞后的名詞與介詞前的形容詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，（如果說這個形容詞表示的是這個名詞的性質(zhì)或特征），此時，介詞要用“of”；如果介詞后的名詞與介詞前的形容詞沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則介詞用“for”。
9. A 這里的“it”用作形式賓語。而this和that不具備此用法。
10. C 這句話的主語是the car，而不是人；spend, take總是用于“人”做主語的句子中。Take表示“花時間”，通常用于“it”做形式主語的句子中。
11. A so后面跟陳述句語序，表示“贊同”；后面跟倒裝句，表示“某人也是……”。
12. D 題干中的句子的謂語是mind，表示“介意、反對”，如果用肯定回答，表示說話人反對開窗，所以另外三個選項(xiàng)不合邏輯。
13. D “has been to”表示“到過某處而現(xiàn)在并不在句子中提到的地方；“had gone to”表示“到某地去了，目前不在說話的地方”。
14. A 在there be …句型中，表示主語動作的動詞常用-ing形式；動詞不定式常用作定語。
15. D 根據(jù)in our city可知這里要用形容詞的最高級，形容詞最高級前通常要用定冠詞，而修飾最高級的只能是序數(shù)詞，所以不能選A。
16. A speak跟賓語，只能是某種語言；talk about表示“談?wù)撃呈隆保司渲薪Y(jié)構(gòu)不對；tell常用雙賓語，此句中沒有雙賓語。
17. B 根據(jù)twice a day可知，此句問的是事件發(fā)生的頻率。
18. A 此句的題干是一個“so…that…”的句型，所以不能選B、D；A選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞性what，表示“所……的”。
19. A Half of the class表示“一半的學(xué)生”，應(yīng)該看作是復(fù)數(shù)；work是不可數(shù)名詞，看作單數(shù)。
20. B 從…said可知，不可以用both，從…is still increasing可知，這里的主語要用單數(shù)。
21. D 這是一個帶有時間狀語從句的賓語從句，賓語從句由that引導(dǎo)，時間狀語從句由when引導(dǎo)。
22. C 從答句中可以知道，兩種顏色無論哪種都行，所以選C。
23. B 從though he was caught in the rain中，我們判斷出，盡管淋雨了，但他還是趕上了火車。反意疑問句的回答是根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行的，實(shí)際情況是肯定的，就要用肯定回答；實(shí)際情況是否定的，就要用否定回答。
24. B Russia是專有名詞，前面不用冠詞；European是以輔音音素開頭的單詞。
25. C 因?yàn)閞each是及物動詞，這里沒有賓語，所以不能用；this month是包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。
26. C 這里指的是“特定的一天”。
27. B time是不可數(shù)名詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，這里的比較級要用less。
28. B need + 動詞-ing形式，有被動的意思。
29. C 因?yàn)椤癶”是以元音因素開頭的字母。
30. C 這是一個固定短語。room是不可數(shù)名詞。