高 二 英 語（第13講）

主講：鄭天德 （蘇州中學(xué)）

[教學(xué)內(nèi)容]

教學(xué)要求：

一、易拼錯的單詞：

narrow diversity Atlantic influence conquer council prediction contemporary necessity genetics identify imitate virtual absurd definition

二、難掌握的單詞與短語：

require, in store, indicate, ensure, make the most of, influence, approach

三、語法：名詞性從句

[難點補遺]

1、country, nation及state:

country表示國家，最常用，側(cè)重于領(lǐng)土、幅員：

Canada is a country nearly as large as China. 加拿大幾乎與中國一樣大。

Cuba is a small country. 古巴是一個小國。

nation則側(cè)重民族，國民：

At the news of Lincoln’s death, the whole nation was deep in sorrow.

聽到林肯遇難的消息，全國陷入深深的悲痛之中。

聯(lián)合國：the United Nations，指不同國家與民族的聯(lián)合。

state側(cè)重于行政：

a state visit 國家訪問 head of state 國家元首

a welfare state 福利國家 a state farm 國營農(nóng)場

2、consider v.t. 考慮，認(rèn)為……，常見用法：

Please consider my suggestion.

I considered moving into the countryside.

Teachers consider Tom (as) a good student.

to be

Most people considered him (to be) honest.

Everyone considered it greatly improved.

I considered Tom to have passed the exam. (cf: Tom is considered to have passed the exam.)

I considered that Tom had passed the exam.

3、need, require及want等等，見以下例子：

My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行車需要修理。

wants wants

requires

The teacher wanted them not to make so much noise. 老師要求他們不要那么吵。

required

asked

requested

上句中用wanted最常見；用required較正式，有命令色彩；而asked與requested比較客氣的請求。

They wanted to know the truth of the accident. 他們要求知道事故的真相。

needed

demanded

asked

wanted最普遍要求，needed指客觀需要，而demanded指急需，強烈要求，不容否定的要求，而語氣婉轉(zhuǎn)時也可用asked或requested.

4、trend v/n 趨向：

The road trends to the south.（原義）以下轉(zhuǎn)義：

His opinion trends towards open minded ways. 他的觀點比較開放。

The trend of prices is still upward. 物價依然看漲。

The trend of modern living is away from many old customs.

現(xiàn)代生活方式漸漸擺脫舊框框。

[語法補遺]

有些連詞引導(dǎo)的從句作表語時也算名詞性從句，例：

You look as if you don’t care. 你看上去似乎不在乎。

She felt as though Jack were a member of her own family.

Now it was as if she had known me for years. 現(xiàn)在她好象認(rèn)識我多年了。

That’s because he has been ill. 那是因為他病了。

I think the teacher’s anger is because you were late again this morning.

我認(rèn)為老師生氣是因為今天上午你又遲到了。

[單元檢測]

一、單項選擇：

1、The special class _______ 20 boys and 18 girls.

A. makes up B. consists of C. is made of D. is consisted of

2、His ________ in democracy led him to _______ against the “gang of four”.

A. belief, fight B. believes, fighting C. spirit, fight D. confidence, fighting

3、When I looked out of the window, I found the train was _______ Shanghai Station.

A. coming in B. going close C. approaching D. getting into

4、Now net games have turned out to be a bad ________ on middle school students.

A. effect B. influence C. impression D. result

5、He is absent. It is ______ he has attended another important meeting.

A. because B. why C. that D. the reason why

6、He asked _________ for the laptop.

A. how much did I pay B. that how much I paid

C. how much I paid D. how I paid much

7、Word came _______ we were defeated in the football game.

A. that B. which C. what D. why

8、They did ________ to rescue the people in the flooded area. Choose the wrong answer:

A. all they could B. what they could C. all what they could D. all that they could

9、It is said ______ has been imported from Germany.

A. that B. that that C. that what D. that which

10、It is generally _______ unwise to buy a house far away from downtown.

A. considering B. considered C. considered being D. considering to be

11、________ the students well ______ for the mid-term exam, the teacher felt satisfied.

A. Seen, prepared B. Seeing, prepared C. Seen, preparing D. Seeing, preparing

12、When was it beside the dustbin ______ you found the dead girl?

A. where B. in which C. which D. that

13、_______ works out the maths problem will win the prize.

A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Those D. Anyone

14、Is this house _______ he lived ten years ago?

A. where B. the one C. in which D. that

15、India is a large ________ with a history of 5000 years.

A. nation B. state C. country D. government

16、Now our country has become the society where more and more old people ______. Choose the wrong answer:

A. need taking care of B. want taking care of

C. require to be taken care of D. want to be taken care of

17、30 years ago almost all factories in our _______ were owned by _______.

A. country, the state B. country, the nation

C. nation, the state D. nation, the country

18、Here’s my first email. Let’s keep _______ each other.

A. in touch of B. in touch with C. into touch for D. in connection with

19、_________ you’ll surely succeed _______.

A. Work hard, in time B. Working hard and, in time

C. Work hard and, in time D. Working hard, on time

20、The young policeman didn’t know __________ so serious a traffic accident.

A. what to deal with B. what to do with

C. how to do with D. how dealing with

二、完形填空：

Tom used to work at a little railway station. He was very __1__ about “rules”. For __2__,he never smoked in a nonsmoker, nor __3__ a passenger to do so.

He was there for 50 years and then he had to __4__. He asked for a part of an old railway carriage which, he thought, would remind him of the __5__ days he had spent at the station.

About a week later, a carriage was __6__ and was taken into Tom’s back __7__. Tom worked at it, just as he had worked at the station. It was __8__ and painted, and in a week __9__ so it looked very nice.

One day, I went to visit old Tom. It was a __10__ day for a visit. It was raining hard. I walked to the front door and __11__, but there was no answer. However, the door wasn’t __12__, so I opened it and went in. He was __13__ to be seen. I thought he __14__ be in that old railway carriage. So I went to the back. Sure enough, he __15__ there, but he wasn’t sitting in the carriage; he was outside, on the step of the carriage, __16__ his pipe. His head was __17__with a sack and the rain was running down his __18__. “Hello, why on earth are you sitting here? Why don’t you go inside the __19__ out of the rain?”

“Can’t you see?” said Tom. “The carriage they sent me was __20__.”

1. A. careful B. serious C. strict D. worried

2. A. some reason B. some time C. safety D. example

3. A. allowed B. persuaded C. forbad D. advised

4. A. rest B. retire C. return D. leave

5. A. sad B. happy C. busy D. interesting

6. A. made B. repaired C. sent D. posted

7. A. room B. kitchen C. shed D. garden

8. A. cleaned B. washed C. rebuilt D. fixed

9. A. or B. and C. as D. then

10.A. bad B. good C. terrible D. cold

11.A. entered B. stopped C. looked D. knocked

12.A. closed B. shut C. locked D. opened

13.A. nowhere B. anywhere C. somewhere D. elsewhere

14.A. must B. might C. can’t D. might not

15.A. worked B. stood C. was D. wasn’t

16.A. cutting B. eating C. examining D. smoking

17.A.tired B. covered C. wrapped D. hidden

18.A. legs B. back C. arms D. chest

19.A. house B. tent C. carriage D. train

20.A. too small B. too dirty C. a smoker D. a nonsmoker

三、閱讀理解：

Dorothea Shaw is 71 years old and nearly blind, and she chose to live alone far away from people. She lives in Belize -- a county the size of Wales with a population only that of Swansea. Her home is at Gales Point, a tiny village which can be reached only by sea or air; after a 10-mile walk into the hills one finally reaches a piece of land and two small houses so hidden in the thick over-grown forest that only a handful of people know Dorothea is there.

She lives happily and totally alone – growing her vegetables, looking after her trees and dogs, cats and chickens. Once a month or so an old friend passes by with her food supplies and letters--usually including a letter from her sister in Scunthorpe and some bits of clothing from friends in Canada. Sometimes a local man will come and cut wood for her and a group of British soldiers will come across her and be greeted with the offer of a cup of coffee.

At night she lies in her tiny sleeping room with the dogs on the floor, the cats on the table near the typewriter and one of the hens settled down in a corner of the bookshelf, and listens for hours to any Spanish, English, German or French broadcasts she can find on her radio. Sometimes she gets lonely but most of the time the animals and the radio are company enough.

But recently the very things which she had tried to get free from so well have begun to catch up with her. The peace of the forest has been destroyed by the noise of earth-moving machines not many miles away. What she once only heard of distantly on the radio is now on her doorstep. Things began to change three years ago. The new main north-south road in Belize was cut through the forest only four or five miles away. “Now more people know I’m here.” She says. “I feel more and more uneasy each day.”

1、Dorothea’s small houses ________.

A. are entirely surrounded by trees B. have always been her home

C. were built for just a few people D. are in a county with the same population as Wales

2、Dorothea lives in the tiny village because ________.

A. she doesn’t like living near people B. she is too old to move

C. machines destroyed her home D. there’s nowhere else for her to live

3、Dorothea doesn’t get lonely since she has _______ with her.

A. her sister B. some animals C. friends from Canada D. a postman

4、Dorothea spends a lot of time __________.

A. growing all the food she needs B. cutting down trees

C. listening to the radio D. studying languages

5、Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Dorothea doesn’t hear from her sister once a month or so.

B. The cats and hens are settled down in a corner of the bookshelf.

C. More and more people come to visit her now.

D. Dorothea’s quiet life has been affected because of the making of a new road.

四、短文改錯：

There is a great deal land in the fifty United States, but there 1________

also a great many of people. Where did people come from? 2________

The first Americans were Indians. Today there are about 900000

American Indians. There is one part of country with an especially 3________

large Indian population. That is the southeast of American. 4________

The black people first came to America from Africa for slaves 5________

President Lincoln freed the slaves in 1863. About eleven percent the 6________

present population are black people.

The first immigrants in American history come from England and 7_______

the Netherlands. Soon immigrants began to come from many other 8_______

countries. In 1790 the new nation had fewer four million people. 9_______

Today there are more than 210 millions, including the people 10_______

from every part of the world.

參 考 答 案

一、1、B 2、A 3、C 4、B 5、A 6、C 7、A 8、C 9、B 10、B 11、B 12、D 13、A 14、A 15、C 16、C 17、A 18、B 19、C 20、B

二、1、C 2、D 3、A 4、B 5、B 6、C 7、D 8、A 9、A 10、A 11、D 12、C 13、A 14、A 15、C 16、D 17、B 18、B 19、C 20、D

三、1、A 2、A 3、B 4、C 5、D

四、1、deal ∨→ of 2、of → of 3、of∨ → the 4、American → America

5、for → as 6、percent ∨→ of 7、come → came 8、√ 9、fewer∨→ than

10、millions → million