1. 掌握詞性變化
2. 掌握定語(yǔ)從句中必須用that的情況
（一）詞匯
pronounce v. 發(fā)音
n. pronunciation
repeat v. 重復(fù)
adj. repeated 反復(fù)的，
majority n. 大多數(shù) a majority of
adj. major 主要的，重要的
反義詞 minority n. 少數(shù) a minority of
adj. minor 次要的
native adj. 當(dāng)?shù)氐模氐赖?/p>
total adj./ n. 總的
in total
equal adj. 相等的，相當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
be equal to
government n. 政府
governor n. 執(zhí)政官
except prep. 除了……還有
辨析except，except for，besides，in spite of，despite
except是介詞，后面加名詞或從句，
如：All of them went there except her.
He is always hot-tempered except when he sees her.
The coat is all right except the collar is a little tight.
except for也是介詞詞組，但它多強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)主句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，
如：The coat is all right except for the tight collar.
besides是介詞，也是副詞，表示“除了…還有…”，或“而且”
如：All the others went there besides her.
The price of this car is quite reasonable. Besides, we can give you some discount.
如：In spite of the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.
Despite the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.
organization n. 組織 World Trade Organization 世貿(mào)組織
tourism n. 旅游 tourist n. 游客
communicate v. 聯(lián)系，交流 communicate with sb.
exchange v. 交換
bring in 引進(jìn)
bring up 養(yǎng)育
compare v. 比較
compare A with B與compare A to B
compare A with B譯為“把A和B做比較”
如：Compare this car with that one, you will find the difference at once.
compare A to B則譯為“把A比喻為B”
如：People often compare a man to the sun, while woman to the moon.
compared with / to已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)介詞詞組，經(jīng)常做狀語(yǔ)使用，
如：Nowadays the population has become quite big compared with/to the population at the beginning of this century.
（二）本章語(yǔ)法
定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞必須用that的情況：
1. 被修飾的先行詞是不定代詞all，much，something，everything，nothing，none，the one等時(shí)，（注意：表示人的不定代詞即可用that也可用who/whom）
如：Anyone who/that doesn’t like this film must tell me.
Do you have something that is very difficult to understand?
All（that）I can do is to give him some hope.
2. 被修飾的先行詞還有一些特定意義的修飾詞，如：the only、the very、just the、the right、any、every、no、all、much、many、little、few等，
如：The only thing（that）we know is that the universe is very big.
Any bus that can go there is OK.
This is just the/the very/the right book I am looking for.
There are few cars that are driving slowly.
Every car that has a high price is worth what it costs.
3. 被修飾的先行詞還有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾，
如：This is the fifth book（that）you have read.
This is the best book（that）I have ever read.
4. 先行詞既有人又有物或time，
如：Can you tell me the people and events（that）you saw in Britain?
The man and his dog that looked odd came to me quietly.
Each time that he came here, he would like to talk with her.
5. 句子中出現(xiàn)過(guò)which或who之類的詞，為了避免重復(fù)，要用that，
如：Who is the man that is speaking?
The factory which produces shoes that are very good has gone bankrupt.
【典型例題】
[例1] Smokers always relax themselves by ______ of smoking.
A. way B. the way C. means D. method
（答案為C，by means of用…的方式）
[例2] The ______ number of the people invited are 55.
A. whole B. all C. total D. sum
（答案為C，表示總數(shù)，總額用total number）
[例3] Zhanghua is a good student and does well in maths. ______.
A. So is she B. Neither is she
C. So does she D. So it is with her
（答案為D，表示“也”時(shí)，如果遇到兩種動(dòng)詞，就用so it is with sb.的形式）
[例4] ______ of people like you, that’s enough, don’t worry about the ______.
A. Main, rest B. Majority, minority
C. A majority, minority D. Majority, rest
（答案為C，“大多數(shù)”用a/the majority of，“少數(shù)”用a minority of）
[例5] He fell asleep with his book ______ open on his face.
A. lay B. lied C. lying D. laid
（答案為C，with的賓補(bǔ)，主動(dòng)用現(xiàn)在分詞）
[例6] The TV is quite good ______ the color is a little dark.
A. except B. except that
C. except when D. except for
（答案為B，except that加從句）
[例7] The third time ______ he came here, he could recognize（認(rèn)出） most of us.
A. which B. C. whose D. when
（答案為B，先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）
[例8] Nothing ______ he said is useful.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
（答案為B，先行詞是不定代詞）
[例9] The doctor has done all ______ to save him.
A. which he could B. what he could
C. that he could it D. he could
（答案為D，all做先行詞，且在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)，可省略that）
[例10] People always learn things by doing them ______.
A. repeated B. repeating C. repeatedly D. repeatingly
（答案為C，repeatedly重復(fù)地）
[例11] ______ of the failures for many times, he kept on trying.
A. In spite B. despite C. because D. except
（答案為A，in spite of盡管）
[例12] The Olympic Games is ______.
A. well organizing B. well organized
C. good organizing D. good organized
（答案為B，副詞修飾被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)過(guò)去分詞）
[例13] Children are often ______ flowers.
A. comparing to B. compared to
C. compared with D. comparing with
（答案為B，compare A to B，把A比做B）
【模擬試題】
一. 直接引語(yǔ)改間接引語(yǔ)。
1. This is all the teacher told us in class .
A. what B. that C. which D. of
2. This is the most difficult book .
A. which I have read it B. which I have read
C. I have read D. what I have read
3. He makes good use of the time he can spare（抽<時(shí)間> vt）.
A. which B. that C. in that D. in which
4. In the police station I saw the man from room the thief had stolen the TV set .
A. whom B. which C. whose D. that
5. - “ How do you like the book ? ”
- “ It’s quite different from I read last month . ”
A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what
6. It was he I met yesterday .
A. whose B. whom C. where D. which
7. to do now is to find out the meaning of this motto（座右銘）.
A. The thing what I want B. That I want C. What I want D.I want
8. I’m one of the boys never late for school .
A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
9. The young man is an engineer of our factory .
A. that you just talked B. whom you just talked to
C. which you just talked to D. who you just talked
10. The second book I want to read is Travels in China .
A. which B. what C. that D. as
11. The boy handed everything he had picked up in the street to the police .
A. which B. that C. what D. whatever
12. The only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue（母語(yǔ)）.
A. which B. whose C. that D. it
13. Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit .
A. where B. which C. what D. that
14. Is this museum they visited last month ?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
15. Is this the museum they visited last month ?
A. when B. where C. which D. the one
16. This is the third time here .
A. I had been B. I was C. I have been D. I will be
17. It is in this park we met each other .
A. where B. that C. which D. when
18. This is the very house we are looking for .
A. which B. where C. that D. whose
19. I’ve read all the books you gave me .
A. which B. them C. what D. that
20. There isn’t much I can do .
A. what B. which C. that D. how
21. He keeps a record（記錄）of everything he had seen there .
A. he B. that C. which D. what
22. Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours .
A. that B. who C. which D. whom
23. Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China .
A. that B. where C. which D. what
24. The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year .
A. which B. what C. whose D. that
25. I’ll shoot anyone moves .
A. who B. which C. in which D. the one
26. This is the very film I’ve long wished to see .
A. which B. that C. who D. whom
27. There is no difficulty can’t be overcome in the world .
A. that B. which C. who D. what
28. All glitters（v發(fā)光）is not gold .
A. that B. which C. 不填 D. what
29. The doctor did all to save the wounded boy .
A. what he could
B. he could
C. everything which he could
D. for which he could do
30. Anyone this opinion may speak out .
A. that against B. that againsts
C. who is against D. who are against
31. He took all was here and left nothing .
A. what B. that C. which D. whose
32. I’m one of the boys never late for school .
A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that is
33. I’m the only one of the boys never late for school .
A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that are
34. The first gift my parents was a necklace .
A. gave it to me B. gave me C. gave it me D. gave it for me
35. cleans the blackboard should be praised .
A. Anyone B. Who C. The one who D. Those who
36. Dalian is the most satisfactory（令人滿意的）place we’ve visited .
A. which B. that C. where D. in which
37. You may borrow any book .
A. that you interest B. which you are interested
C. that interests you D. which interests you
38. She spent the whole night talking about the things and the persons none of us has ever heard of .
A. which B. who C. that D. whom
39. He told us he had done .
A. that all B. all that C. all which D. what all
【試題答案】
一.
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21-30 BAADABAABC 31-39 BBABCBCCB