1. 單元內容介紹與分析

2. 重點詞匯和短語的用法

3. 難點句的解釋與分析

知識總結與歸納：

（一）單元內容介紹與分析：

1. 本單元的中心話題是“自然災害”，具體涉及火山爆發(fā)、颶風和臺風等。

2. 聽力（Listening）部分提供了一則天氣預報。這個聽力練習要求學生結合聽力材料和所給的地圖，弄清其主旨大意和性質，并且盡可能多地從聽力材料中獲取細節(jié)信息。

3. 閱讀第一部分是一篇關于--一次災難性經歷的敘述性文章。文章作者根據本人記憶和叔叔的筆記，描述了意大利南部的維蘇威火山于公元79年爆發(fā)的情景，特別記敘了作者的叔叔在本次災難中所表現出來的勇敢和無畏精神。通過對該文章的閱讀，豐富了學生有關本單元主題的語言和信息。

4. 閱讀的第二部分提供了一篇關于臺風的記敘文，要求學生在閱讀的基礎上進行大膽、合理的想象，續(xù)寫故事的結局。目的在于豐富學生的想象力的同時，幫助學生掌握描寫的寫作技能。

5. 交際用語：練習表達“焦急、害怕”等情感的交際用語。

6. 語法：掌握英語省略句的使用方法。

三. 重點詞匯和短語的用法：

1. 運用構詞知識理解掌握下列單詞：

frightening；threat；terrify；erupt；courage；arrival；unbelievable；uncomfortable

2. 重點單詞的用法：

（1）bury：埋藏，掩藏，埋頭于，專心致志于……

About two thousand years ago a volcano in southern Italy erupted and buried two small towns under meters of hot ash and mud.

She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper.

注意以下幾個常用的短語：

bury the hatch：言歸于好

bury / hide one’s head in the sand：閉眼不顧事實

bury oneself in：埋頭于，專心致志于

（2）attention：注意；常用短語如下：

draw / attract / catch one’s attention：吸引某人的注意

pay attention to：注意

May I have your attention, please.常用的交際用語：各位，請注意。

（3）rise：升起，上升，起床，上漲，（不及物動詞，無被動式）

We watched it rising from a mountain - at such a distance we couldn’t tell which one, but we later learnt that it was Mount Vesuvius.

She rose to greet her guests.

Great cheers rose from the people outside.

The people rose up against their oppressors.

注意對比raise：（及物動詞）提高。

He raised his voice so that he could make himself heard in the crowd.

（4）sight：情景，視覺，視野。

The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

What a beautiful sight those roses make !

Come and see the sights of London.

注意：in / out of sight：看見/ 看不見；

catch sight of：突然看見。

lose one’s sight：失明。

（5）urge：催促，力勸；強烈要求

He paused for a moment wondering whether to turn back as the captain urged him.

What were the cause that has urged Germany into war ?

The teacher urged us to hand in our exercises.

He urged me to stay for dinner.

Let me urge the importance of this measure.

（6）immediately：立刻，馬上，直接地

Helped by two slaves he stood up, and immediately fell down dead.

I recognized her immediately I saw her .

3. 重點短語的用法：

（1）knock about

（2）live through

（3）in circles

四. 難點句的解釋與分析：

1. We watched it rising from a mountain - at such a distance we couldn't tell which one, but we later learnt that it was Mount Vesuvius.

我們看著它從山上升騰起來--如此遠的距離使我們看不出是哪座山，但后來我們得知是維蘇威火山。

tell意思是“區(qū)別”。又如：

Human taste buds can tell the difference between four basic flavours.

It is often difficult to tell identical twins from each other, even when they are standing side by side.

2. The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

一看到這種情景，叔叔身上的科學精神被喚醒了，他要靠近火山去看個究竟。這句話帶有擬人修辭成分：由sight喚醒the scientist in my uncle。這種手法在英語中十分常見。

例如：

The study says there must be a complete overhaul of air traffic control system.

at hand意思是“在手邊”；“在跟前”。又如：

I haven't the dictionary at hand, but I will show it to you later.

I want you to be at hand during my interview with the applicants.

3. Her house lay at the foot of Vesuvius, and there was no way out except by boat.

她的家位于維蘇威山腳下，除了乘船沒有出路。

way out（克服困難的）辦法，出路。例如：

He was trying to think of a way out, but it was impossible to find one.

In fact, I'm sure that's the only satisfactory way out.

4. Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.

灰塵和燒黑的石塊落進了小船，他們越是靠近，石塊也越來越黑、越來越多。

注意the more…，the more結構的用法。例如：

The more you practice，the more perfect you will be. 越實踐就越熟練。

5. He had to wait for a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.

他要等待合適的風向，此風向與我叔叔來時的相反。

the other way意思是“另一個方向”；相反。又如：

He turned the other way when he saw the police coming.

He thought it would be easier to go there than to come back, but it was just the other way,

right意思是“徑直地”；“立即地”。又如：

The ship went right to the bottom,

He turned on the TV right after he came into the room.

6. He looked more asleep than dead.

他看上去好像沒有死，而像是睡著了。

more…than… 與其說……，不如說……。例如：

Don’t be too hard on him. He is more misled than stupid .

7. You can pick out the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter, another to write history, one thing to write to a friend, another to write for the public.

你可以從中挑選重要的片段。寫信跟寫歷史是兩碼事，寫信是給朋友的，而書則是為公眾寫的。

句型“It is one thing to do…，another to do…”意為“……是一回事，……又是另-回事”。例如：

It is one thing for you to stay here，another for me to ask you to stay here.

Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.

到達后，叔叔擁抱龐培，并盡力給他打氣。

upon或on后跟表示動態(tài)的名詞或動詞-ing形式，表示“在（做某事）時，當（某事發(fā)生）時”。例如：

Upon arrival, they went in search of a hotel.

She was joyful upon seeing her child take his first place .

【典型例題】

1. You ought to stay. , your mother is ill, For another, your father is out.

A. Besides B. Anyhow C. For one thing D. Worse still

答案：C

分析：由后面的for another及全句意義可知，第一空表達的是“首次，一次”的意義。

2. Her brother to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.

A. declared B. threatened C. warned D. exclaimed

答案：B

分析：句意為“當她不服從她哥哥的命令時，他威脅要將她一個人留在黑乎乎的房間里。”declare不與to do搭配，warn應為warn sb. not to do；exclaim不合句意。

3. He’s suffering from an stomach .

A. anxious B. curious C. upset D. uneasy

答案：C

分析：句意為“他肚子不舒服。”upset不適的；不舒服的，與句意吻合

4. The tomato juice left brown ____ on the front of my jacket.

A. spot B. point C. track D. trace

答案：A

分析：句意為“番茄汁在我的夾克衫前面留下棕色的污點。”印d龐點；污點，與句意吻合。

5. The work endurance and patience.

A. calls on B. calls in C. calls at D. calls for

答案：D

分析：句意為“這工作需要耐力和耐心。”call for需要；要求，與句意吻合。

6. When climbing the hill, John was knocked unconscious by a roiling stone.

A. untouched B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. unbelievable

答案：B

分析：句意為“約翰爬山時，被一塊兒意想不到的滾石砸昏了。”

7. As a young man he suffered a lot from poverty . He used to in the market, trying to find a job for a few coins.

A. knock into B. knock down C. knock on D. knock about

答案：D

分析：“年輕時他很窮，經常在市場里閑逛．找些零活掙些小錢。

8. He would think to go there quicker than to come back, but it was just ____.

A. another way B. the other way C. other way D. the another way

答案：B

分析：“他覺得去時用的時間比來時短，其實正相反。”the other way相反．為一固定短語。

9. Jack ran for a doctor; ____ we stayed with the patient.

A. however B. anyhow C. immediately D. meanwhile

答案：D

分析：句子前后表示“at the same time”的意義，故應用meanwhile。

10. I want you to be during my interview with the applicants.

A. at hand B. at the hand C. in hand D. in the hand

答案：A

分析：句意為“申請人面試時我希望你在跟前。”at hand在手邊；在眼前，與句意吻合。

【模擬試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）

一. 單項選擇

1. He lay ____ when he heard the noise and rose _____ his feet.

A. awake; to B. awake; on C. wake; to D. wake

2. She is fit for the job. , she loves children, _____ , she has taught in a primary school.

A. First; then B. For one thing; for another

C. The first is; the second is D. For one thing; for the second

3. He’s perfectly to live in the mountain and paints pictures all day.

A. content B. popular C. anxious D. proud

4. It took Mary a long time to a new dress at the store.

A. pick up B. pick out C. turn out D. make up

5. Last year the advertising rate by 20 percent.

A. raised B. amused C. arose D. rose

6. He would think to go there quicker than to come back, but it was just ____.

A. another way B. the other way C. other way D. the another way

7. I shall have to __ to you, otherwise they will hear our future plan.

A. say B. show C. whisper D. whistle

8. What you have done is the doctor’s orders.

A. an the contrary B. contrary to C. the other way D. to the contrary

9. The guerrilla army tried to____ the government

A. knock B. overturn C. beat D. hit

10. He longed for a good marriage, a __ job and a guaranteed income. In other words, he wanted stability.

A. safe B. steady C. severe D. easy

二. 完型填空：

The yearly Marathon in my town usually happened during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance __1__ any of them needed medical attention.

“We’re suppose to stay behind the __2__ runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.

The front-runners started to __3__ and then my eyes were ___4__ to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.

We knew we were already watching our “l(fā)ast runner.” Her __5__ were so crippled（殘疾的）that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, __6__ alone run a marathon.

Doug and I __7__ in silence as she slowly moved forward. __8__, she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect ___9__ she pushed forward with great __10__ through the last miles.

When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the __11__ crowds had long gone home. __12__, standing straight and ever so proud __13__ a lone man. He was __14__ one end of a ribbon（緞帶）of crepe paper（皺紋紙）___15__ to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering behind her.

I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became part of my __16__ – a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about __17__ the other runners or winning a prize, but about __18__ what she had set out to do, no matter __19__. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how __20__ the task before me really is.

1. A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if

2. A. first B. best C. only D. last

3. A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear

4. A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught

5. A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body

6. A. let B. leave C. speak D. take

7. A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared

8. A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally

9. A. since B. before C. as D. until

10. A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire

11. A. tired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient

12. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately

13. A. stood B. waited C. came D. had

14. A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying

15. A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led

16. A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life

17. A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating

18. A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning

19. A. where B. how C. when D. what

20. A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful

三. 閱讀理解：

Treasure hunts have excited people’s imagination for both hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island. Kit Williams, a modern writer, had the idea of combining the real excitement of treasure hunt with clues found in a book when he wrote a children’s story Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare, and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of clues（線索）to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.

Ken Roberts, the man who found the hare, had been looking for it nearly two years. Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time, he found it by logic（邏輯）, not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “ one of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII ’s six wives. Even here, however, Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire, and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.

Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kid Williams to find out if he was wasting his time there. Williams encouraged him to continue, and on February 24th 1982, he found the treasure. It was worth 3000 in the beginning, but the excitement it had caused since its burial made it much more valuable.

1. The underlined word “them”（paragraph 1）refers to ____.

A. red herring B. treasure hunts

C. Henry VIII ‘s six wives D. readers of Masquerade

2. What is the most important clue in the story to help Ken Robert find the hare ?

A. Two stone crosses in Ampthill. B. Stevenson’s Treasure Island

C. Katherine of Aragon D. Williams’ hometown

3. The stone crosses in Ampthill were built ____.

A. to tell about what happened in 1773.

B. to show respect for Henry VIII ‘s first wife.

C. to serve as roadsign in Ampthill Park.

D. to inform people where the gold hare was.

4. Which of the following describes Roberts’ logic in searching for the hare ?

a. Henry VIII’s six wives b. Katherine’s burial place at Kimbolton.

c. Williams’ childhood in Ampthill. d. Katherine of Aragon

e. stone crosses in Ampthill Park.

A. a, b, c, e, d B. d, b, c, e, a C. a, d, b, c, e D. b, a, e, c, d

5. What is the best title of the passage ?

A. An exciting historical event B. A modern treasure hunt

C. The attraction of Masquerade D. the importance of logical thinking

【試題答案】

一. 單項選擇

1. A lie +adj.（awake）作表語；rise to one's feet站起，為一固定用法。

2. B for one thing … for another一則……再則……

3. A be content to do sth. 滿足于做某事，為一固定用法。

4. B “挑選一件新裙子花了瑪麗好長時間。”

5. D 句意為“去年做廣告的比仍上升了20％。”raise，arouse，是及物動詞，與句子結構吻合；arise是不及物動詞，意為“發(fā)生；出現；產生；起立”，與句子意思不吻合。

6. B “他覺得去時用的時間比來時短，其實正相反。”the other way相反．為一固定短語。

7. C “我不得不小聲跟你講，以免他們聽到了我們的未來計劃。”whisper“小聲說；耳語，與句意吻合。

8. B on the contrary正相反；to the contrary相反（的）地；the other way相反，它們都不接賓語。contrary to… 與……相反，與句中結構吻合。

9. B 句意為”游擊隊試圖推翻政府。”

10. B句意為“他渴求美滿的婚姻、穩(wěn)定的工作、固定的收入，換而言之，他想生活安定。”

二. 完型填空：

1. B 我的工作是開著救護車跟在運動員后面以防他們有人需要救護。In case:以免，以防。

2. D 從后面內容可以看出；救護車跟在最后一名運動員后面。

3. C 前面的運動員都消失了，

4. A 我的目光被吸引在（最后）以為婦女身上。

5. B 這為婦女幾乎都不能走，所以她的腿有殘疾。

6. A 更不用說跑馬拉松了。固定短語：Let alone：更不用說了。

7. A 我們在默默地注視著她。D項缺少介詞at：stare at。

8. D 最后，她成為我視線中唯一一名運動員了。

9. C 她一邊以堅定的意志向前“跑”，我一邊注視著她。determination：意志堅定。

10. B

11. C 加油助威的人群早已經回家了。Cheering：喝彩，助威。

12. C 然而，這位殘疾婦女的唯一支持者一直在終點線那自豪地“等著”她。

13. B 本句是一個倒裝句。主語是a lone man.謂語是waited。standing straight and ever so proud是伴隨狀語。

14. C 他（那個男的）緊握著系在一根柱子上的緞帶的另一端（讓這位女運動員撞線）。

15. B

16. D 從那一天，那位女運動員成為激勵我的人生的一部分。

17. D 這位婦女參賽的目的不是為擊敗其他運動員而獲獎。

18. A 而是去完成她所開始的事情。

19. D 不管是什么事情，都要堅持下去。

20. C 我由此受到鼓舞，再難的事也變得容易了。

三. 閱讀理解：

1. D 根據第一段The book contained a large number of clues（線索）to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them. 可以知道作者設置許多迷局是在有意誤導讀者。

2. C 根據第二段His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “ one of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII ’s six wives.可以判斷出這是一條很重要的線索，雖然這位讀者受到過誤導，但還通過這條線索找到了答案。

3. B 根據第二段最后一句he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.可以知道two stone crosses修建的目的。 In one’s honor：為了紀念…

4. C 仔細閱讀第二，三段注意這幾個要點：Henry VIII’ s six wives--Katherine of Aragon--Katherine的埋葬地--作者童年生活過的地方--stone crosses。

5. B. 文章二，三段是文章的重點，講述尋寶的經過。所以稱為：A modern treasure hunt