Module1 Unit3 Travelling in Garden City
語法
1. 一般過去時(shí)
定義：過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)
標(biāo)志詞：in the past … two days ago
yesterday last night
句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
肯定句：主+動(dòng)詞過去式+其它
In the past, people liked travelling by bus
過去人們喜歡乘公交車旅行。
否定句：主+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
He didn’t play football last year.他去年不玩足球。
一般疑問句：Did+主+動(dòng)詞原形+其它
Did he play football yesterday？他昨天玩足球了嗎？
2. There be 句型的過去時(shí)及將來時(shí)
過去時(shí)：There was/were There was a tree in front of the house last year.
將來時(shí)：There will be There will be more trees in the park in 5 years’ time.
三. 必會(huì)短語
1. in the past 在過去
2. travel by bus 乘公交車旅行
3. buy tickets 買票
4.collect … from…從…收集…
5. put… in …放…進(jìn)…
6. in 10 years ’ time 十年后
7. traffic jams 交通堵塞
8. not… any longer 不再…
9. draw a poster 畫海報(bào)
10. think about 考慮
11. discuss with sb 與…討論
12. agree on sth 贊同某事
四. 必會(huì)句型
1. In the past, many people liked travelling by bus.
過去人們喜歡乘公交車旅行。
2. There was a bus conductor in each bus.
過去每輛車?yán)锒加幸幻燮眴T。
3. Nowadays some of the bus-drivers are women.
如今公交司機(jī)中的一些是女的。
4. In ten years’ time there will be fewer traffic jams.
十年后將有更少的交通堵塞。
5. Perhaps we won’t travel by ferry any longer.
可能我們將不再乘坐渡輪旅行。
五. 重難點(diǎn)解析
1. There was a bus-conductor in each bus.在每輛公共汽車?yán)锒加幸粋�(gè)公共汽車售票員.
（1）There be +某物+某處 表示在某處有某物。主語為某物，因此be 的形式取決于某物。
如：There is a book on the desk. 書桌上有一本書。
There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些學(xué)生。
當(dāng)某物是多個(gè)事物時(shí)，be的形式與最近的名詞一致。如：
There is a book and two pens in my hand. 在我的手里有一本書和兩支鋼筆。
There are two pens and a book in my hand .我手里有兩支鋼筆和一本書。
There be 與have的區(qū)別：
have的主語通常是人，表示某人擁有、所有，通常沒有地點(diǎn)狀語。
如：I have a car.我有一輛車。
It has two eyes .它有一雙大眼睛。
（2）each 在此處是形容詞，作定語，表示“每一個(gè)”。“each+ 名詞/代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：Each student has a book.每個(gè)學(xué)生都有一本書。
each 還可以用作代詞和同位語，作代詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。作同位語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞和主語一致。
如：Each of us has his duty.我們每個(gè)人都有自己的責(zé)任。
We each have a story-book. 我們每個(gè)人都有一本故事書。
2. They put their money in a fare-box instead 他們把錢放在投幣箱里。
instead這個(gè)副詞有“代替”的意思，在一定的上下文中使用。
如：I couldn’t go ,so he went instead. 我去不了，因此他代替我去的。
He is tired, let me go instead.他累了，讓我去吧。
If Ann can’t come ,I will come instead.如果安不能來，我就來。
在漢語中，instead 常常找不到對應(yīng)的漢字，但意思卻體現(xiàn)在句子中了。
instead of 是一個(gè)介詞短語，意思是“代替”，“而不是…”。后面常跟名詞或v-ing形式。如：We’ll have chicken instead of fish today.我們今天吃雞而不吃魚。
He stayed in bed all day instead of going to school.他在床上躺了一整天，沒有上學(xué)。
3. None of them was a double-decker bus.沒有一輛車是雙層公共汽車。
none 用于否定三者以上，既可指人，也可指物，表示沒有人和物，作主語時(shí)，可作單數(shù)也可作復(fù)數(shù)，常與of 連用：no one(nobody)只指人，不指物，作主語時(shí)視為單數(shù)，如要否定兩者常用neither。
如：None have (has) arrived yet.還沒有人到。
None of the answers are wrong. 所有答案都是對的。
none 可以回答how many 或how much提出的問題，no one(nobody)可回答who提出的問題，而what 提出的問題則可用nothing來回答。
如：-How much money do you have?-None.你有多少錢？一分也沒有。
-How many students are there in the classroom?-None.教室里有多少學(xué)生？一個(gè)也沒有。
-Who can work out this problem?-No one. 誰能做出這道題？沒有人。
-What’s in your pencil-box? –Nothing. 你鉛筆盒里有什么？什么也沒有。
4. Most of the bus-drivers are men, but some of them are women .However, in the past, none of the
bus-drivers were women .All of them were men.大部分公共汽車司機(jī)是男的，但是其中有一些是女的。當(dāng)然，在過去，沒有公共汽車司機(jī)是女的。他們都是男的。
some of ,none of ,most of ,all of 后面既可接可數(shù)名詞，也可接不可數(shù)名詞，由“some(all,most)of ”修飾的詞語作主語，謂語可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，取決于這個(gè)名詞是否可數(shù)。
（1）Some of the students have pasted the exam.一些學(xué)生通過了考試。
（2）Some of the fruit is bad.一些水果爛了。
5. Perhaps we won’t travel by ferry any longer.也許我們不會(huì)再乘渡船。
（1）perhaps 意思是“也許”，常位于句首。相當(dāng)于maybe
（2）not…any longer意為“不再”。not … any longer =no longer
no longer 通常放在動(dòng)詞的前面，be之后或句尾。
如：You are no longer a child.=You are not a child any longer.你已不再是孩子了。
I want to come no longer.=I don’t want to come any longer.我再也不想來了。
I can wait no longer.=I can’t wait any longer. 我不能再等了。
“by +交通工具”表示乘坐方式。如：I go to school by bike.我騎自行車上學(xué)。
6. Perhaps there will be fewer traffic jams.也許交通堵塞會(huì)更少。
（1）fewer是few的比較級，意為“較少的”。few的反義詞是many, fewer的反義詞是more。
few修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。修飾不可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)用little.
如：Few students can work out the problem.幾乎沒有學(xué)生能算出這道題。
I have very little time for reading.我很少有時(shí)間讀書。
（2）traffic jams 交通堵塞，traffic為名詞，作定語。意為“交通”，還可以表示車輛總稱。
The traffic is heavy/busy/bad.交通擁擠。
7. List five things that you and your classmate agree on.列舉你和你的同學(xué)一致同意的五件事情。
（1）agree on 同意（具體協(xié)議的文件，計(jì)劃，行動(dòng)）如：We agreed on the plan.我們對這個(gè)計(jì)劃看法相同。
（2）agree with sb 同意某人的（意見）如：I agree with you .我同意你的意見。
8. All of the …will … …中所有…會(huì)…
（1）all 用作代詞時(shí)，常與of連用，后接名詞或代詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，all作代詞時(shí)，還可放在be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞后，或放在一般動(dòng)詞前，做主語的同位語，若賓語為人稱代詞時(shí)，“all of +人稱代詞”和“人稱代詞+all”兩種句型皆可。
如：All of us want to go .我們?nèi)w都想去。
They are all good students. 他們都是好學(xué)生。
We all like music.我們都喜歡音樂。
I invited all of them. =I invited them all.他們所有的人我都邀請了。
（2）all 作形容詞時(shí)，用于定冠詞、指示代詞，人稱代詞和名詞所有格之前。
如：I want all the books . 我想要所有的書。
He loves all his children.他愛所有的孩子。
All these books are useful. 所有這些書都有用。
9. Draw a poster to show what you think traveling in your city will be like in 10 year’s time.畫一個(gè)海報(bào)展示你認(rèn)為10年后在你們城市旅行會(huì)是什么樣。
show意為“顯示，展示”
show sb. sth.=show sth.to sb.把…給…看
Please show me your photos.
=Please show your photos to me 請把你的照片給我看看。
【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：30分鐘）
一. 選擇并抄寫單詞
1. In the past ,many people like ______by bus.(travel, travelling)
2. None of ______is late for school.(they, them)
3. There are no ______in the buses.(air-conditioners, air-conditioned)
4. What will_______ in our city be like?(travel, travelling)
5. ______of us has been to Shanghai.(All, None)
二. 字母組詞
1. Passengers put their money in a fare-box _______ .(s i n t a d e )
2. Passengers don’t buy_______ now.(t s c k e t i)
3. _______more people will travel by air.(p p s a r h e)
4. There will be fewer traffic_____(a m j s)in the future.
5. There will be more ________on the road.(l o f y v r e s)
三. 連詞成句
1. people ,travel, will, more, taxi, by
2. be, what our like city, will
3. will, people, by, not, travel, longer, train ,any
4. the ,most ,men ,of ,are ,bus-drivers
5. were , buses , there ,single-decker, only
四. 單項(xiàng)選擇
1. We are going to Qingdao______ ship.
A. at B. by C. in D. for
2. There _____no buildings here in 5 years’ time.
A. are B. will C. will be D. were
3. Perhaps we ______travel by ferry any longer.
A. will B. will not be C. will be D. won’t
4. The dress is so expensive , I’ll _____it .
A. think B. think about C. think of D. think over
5._____,we usually went to school by train.
A. In the past B. In past C. Nowadays D. Now
五. 完成對話
A. Summer B. Yes, I do C. By bike D. Yes, I can E. No, she isn’t.
( )1. How do you go to work every day?
( )2. What’s your favourite season?
( )3. Is the girl beautiful?
( )4. Do you like wearing uniforms?
( )5. Can you see any flies?
【試題答案】
一. 1. traveling 2. them 3. air-conditioners 4. traveling 5. None
二. 1. instead 2. tickets 3. Perhaps 4. jams 5. flyovers
三. 1. More people will travel by taxi.
2. What will our city be like?
3. People will not travel by train any longer.
4. Most of the bus-drivers are men.
5. There were only single-decker buses.
四. 1. B 2. C 3. D 4 B 5. A
五. 1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. D