Module 4 The natural elements Unit 3 Water Festival
［教學(xué)過(guò)程］
重點(diǎn)詞匯
allow beware contain equal form gather
get on with quest ice-cube iced matter milliliter
minus player plus point preparation punch shame
sound suitable turn into while
not only...but also
這個(gè)連詞的意思是“不但…而且…，不僅…而且”，重點(diǎn)在后者。
代詞人稱(chēng)不同時(shí)，動(dòng)詞隨后面的代詞。如：
Lu Xun is famous not only in China but also in all the world.
He speaks not only English but also French.
He not only said it but did it.
Not only he but also I am invited
not only …but also… 兩個(gè)分句時(shí)態(tài)要一樣，當(dāng)not only置于句首，前一個(gè)分句要倒裝。
Not only ______ to us the importance of doing the work but they also told us the best way to do it.
A. did they explain B. they explained
C. they explain D. had they explained
look forward to的用法
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞look forward to（doing）sth. 意為期待著（做）某事，其中的to是介詞，而不是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)。如：
Boys and girls are looking forward to Children’s Day.
孩子們渴盼著兒童節(jié)。
He's looking forward to hearing from his daughter.
他期待著女兒的來(lái)信。
含有l(wèi)ook的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還有l(wèi)ook for（尋找），look after（照看，照顧，負(fù)責(zé)處理），look back on（回顧，回想），look into（了解，調(diào)查研究），look out（for）（當(dāng)心，注意），look over z（翻閱，審校，檢查），look round（回頭望，查看）等。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
1. when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，when的從句可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。
eg.
He was working at the table when I went in .
Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping .
I will visit my good friend when I have time .
I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai .
注：when也可以作并列連詞，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候，突然間發(fā)生了另外一件事。
eg.
I was fishing by the river , when someone called for help .
我正在河邊釣魚(yú)，就在那時(shí)有人求救。
We were working in the chemistry lab , when the lights went out .
我們正在化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作，突然燈都熄滅了。
2. while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“與……同時(shí)，在……期間”，while的從句中常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞。
eg.
They rushed in while we were discussing problems .
Father was cleaning the car while I was playing computer games .
注：while也可以作并列連詞，表轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于but，譯為“然而”。
eg.
I like listening to music , while my brother likes doing sports .
3. as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候，一邊……一邊”。as的從句中可使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可使用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。
eg.
He sang as he was working . 他一邊工作一邊唱歌。
As time goes by , we have a better understanding of things around us .
隨著時(shí)間的推移，我們對(duì)自己周?chē)氖挛镉辛烁玫睦斫狻?/p>
4. before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，before強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前，而after強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之后。
eg.
He had been a cook before he went to college .
He called me after he had finished his work .
注：若主句和從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成時(shí)態(tài)，例如上面的第二句可改成：
He called me after he finished his work .
5. as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“一……就……”。
eg.
He will go to see you as soon as he gets here .
She got everything ready as soon as she got to school .
6. since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“自從……”，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
eg.
We have made many dumplings since we began to cook .
We haven’t seen each other since we parted .
注：常用句型：It is +時(shí)間段+since從句 譯為：自從……有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。
eg.
It is six years since she graduated from the university .
7. till和until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到……為止”，not … till / until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“直到……才”。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的結(jié)束，用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始，用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞。
eg.
I will wait for my friend until / till he comes .
We won’t start our discussion until / till he comes .
either…or 與 neither…nor用法上的區(qū)別
either…or…表示兩種可能性中任選一種，其后面必須連接兩個(gè)相同的句子成份。例如：
The sentence can be either true or false.句子要么是對(duì)的要么是錯(cuò)的。
You can either come with me or walk home.
你要么跟我一塊去，要么走回家去。
Either mum or I cook supper.要么我母親要么我做晚飯。
neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)相同的句子成分，表示否定的意思。動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與nor后的單詞主謂語(yǔ)相一致。例如：
Neither Li Lei nor Wang Hai was there.李雷和王海都不在那里。
I neither watch TV nor listen to the radio.我既不看電視也不聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。
系動(dòng)詞亦稱(chēng)連系動(dòng)詞（Link Verb），作為系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須跟表語(yǔ)（亦稱(chēng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。
說(shuō)明：有些系動(dòng)詞又是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，該動(dòng)詞表達(dá)實(shí)義時(shí)，有詞義，可單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，例如：
He fell ill yesterday.
他昨天病了。（fell是系動(dòng)詞，后跟補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)情況。）
He fell off the ladder.
他從梯子上摔下來(lái)。fell是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。
1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞
用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)，只有be一詞。
2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞
用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand。
3）表像系動(dòng)詞
用來(lái)表示“看起來(lái)像”這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look。
4）感官系動(dòng)詞
感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste。例如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 這種布手感很軟。
This flower smells very sweet. 這朵花聞起來(lái)很香。
5）變化系動(dòng)詞
這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語(yǔ)變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。
6）終止系動(dòng)詞
表示主語(yǔ)已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove, turn out, 表達(dá)“證實(shí)”，“變成”之意。
must與have to辨析
I must do what you tell me.
You must come and visit me.
I have to go now.
We don’t have to go to school on Sunday.
among用作介詞，意思是“在…中”，“在…范圍內(nèi)”。
1. We divided the apples among ourselves.
2. She is among my best friends.
3. He is popular among the people.
from among 從…中
He chose one from among the three books.
among與between辨析
The city lies among the mountains.
The city lies between the river and the mountains.
another 另一個(gè)，不同的 + 單數(shù)名詞
再，另外的 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞
1. That’s quite another matter.
2. The farm already has ten cows,but they are buying another five cows.
【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：30分鐘）
一、選擇
1. I am quite surprised ____I saw her in the street.
A. after B. when C. while D before
2. Water will turn ___ ice when we freeze it.
A. in B. to C. into D./
3. _____ Mary is grown up, it doesn’t mean that she can do whatever she likes.
A. Because B. After C. Though D. Since
4. You had better go home and feed the cat ______ it decides to bite the furniture.
A. until B. before C. after D. when
5. Let’s begin our class ______ everybody is here.
A. although B. until C. even if D. now that
6. He was about to leave _______ I got there.
A. until B. when C. before D. as soon as
7. _____ days went on, the weather got worse.
A. With B. Since C. While D. As
二、閱讀理解
Your Passport(護(hù)照) Please!
Mr Hill arrives at London Airport, at the end of a three-week holiday in France. Usually he wears a beard(留胡須). Since it has been hot there, he has taken it off(剃掉). But his passport photo shows him with his beard.
An office looks at the photo for a moment, and says: “Will you excuse me? Please sit down. I shan't keep you long.” With this, he walks away, shows the photo to a second office, and says: “I know that face.” The second officer looks at the passport and asks where Mr Hill has come from. When he hears that Mr Hill has arrived back from Paris, the second officer smiled and says: “An Englishman with a beard stole a painting in Paris on Friday, And that man looks just the kind of man ...”
Suddenly it comes to the first officer who Mr Hill is. He returns to him, and asks: “Did you teach at the No.2 High School?” When Mr Hill answers, in surprise, that he did, the first officer smiles and says: “I thought so. I'm Jack Smith. You taught me French. You haven't changed a bit.”
1. Mr Hill ____.
A. has just come back from the airport
B. is on his way to Paris
C. spent three weeks in Paris before he went to France
D. has been in France for three weeks
2. Mr Hill ____.
A. has a beard on his face but not in his photo
B. grew a beard while he was on holiday
C. has a beard in his photo but not on his face
D. took his beard off long before he went on holiday
3. The first officer is sure ____.
A. Mr Hill stole the painting
B. he has seen the face in the photo before
C. he knows the second officer's face
D. a man without a beard stole the painting
4. The second officer says that ____.
A. Mr Hill stole the painting
B. a man with a beard, from France, stole a painting in English
C. an Englishman took his beard off and stole a painting
D. a man with a beard, from England, stole a painting in Paris
【試題答案】
一、選擇：
1-7 BCCBDBD
二、閱讀理解：
1-4 DCBD
成。