Unit 15 Popular youth culture
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
Reading
1. acknowledge vt. 為。。。表示感謝，承認(rèn)。
Acknowledge +名詞
Do you acknowledge defeat? 你認(rèn)輸嗎？
Acknowledge + ing 形式
The opponents acknowledged having been defeated. 對手們承認(rèn)輸了。
其他只接ing 而不接不定式做賓語的動詞或動詞短語有：
Admit, give up; appreciate; cannot help; avoid; imagine; consider; keep; delay; mention; deny; mind; dislike; miss; enjoy; postpone; escape; put off; excuse; practice; fancy; resist; feel like; risk; finish; suggest; forgive
Acknowledge +that 如：
The opponent acknowledged that they were defeated. 對手們承認(rèn)輸了。
2. make contributions / a contribution to 對。。。做出貢獻(xiàn)（捐贈）
Thomas Edison made a great contribution to the world. 托馬斯 愛迪生為世界做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。
It is our duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment. 為環(huán)保做貢獻(xiàn)是我們的義務(wù)。
其他常見帶介詞to 的短語歸納：
Be used to 習(xí)慣于； be given to 沉溺于； be related to 與。。。相關(guān)； get down to 著手做； lead to 導(dǎo)致； object to 反對；put one’s mind to 全神貫注于； be equal to 勝任； be opposed to 反對； devote oneself to 獻(xiàn)身于； give rise to 引起； look forward to 盼望； pay attention to 注意； stick to 堅(jiān)持； attend to 處理，照料； lead to 通向； see to 負(fù)責(zé)； access to 接近， 進(jìn)入（某地的）方法； be addicted to 沉溺于，對。。。上癮； contribute to 為。。。做貢獻(xiàn)。
３. make a, no, some, etc. difference (to / in sb/sth) 有（或沒有，有些等） 作用，關(guān)系，影響
The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 這場雨對比賽沒什么影響�！�
Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到工作與年齡有關(guān)。
Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)對我一生有重大影響。
What difference will it make if he knows or not? 他知不知道有什么關(guān)系嗎？
I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is (= it is not important). 我認(rèn)為顏色無關(guān)緊要。
‘Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?’ ‘It makes no difference (to me).’我們周五還是周六走。無所謂�！�
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
４. noun ~ (for doing sth)| ~ (to do sth) 計(jì)劃，方案，體制 ； 陰謀，詭計(jì) vi. (貶義) 密謀，圖謀
a training scheme 培訓(xùn)方案
a local scheme for recycling newspapers 本地的報(bào)紙回收體系。
an elaborate scheme to avoid taxes 周密的避稅方案。
She seemed to feel that we were all scheming against her. 她似乎覺得我們都在算計(jì)她。
His colleagues, meanwhile, were busily scheming to get rid of him. 與此同時(shí)，他的同事在加緊密謀除掉他。
5. mostly 主要地，一般地，通常地 adv. mainly; generally:
The sauce is mostly cream. 沙司主要是奶油。
We’re mostly out on Sundays. 我們星期日大多外出。
6. company 公司，陪伴，做伴；一群人
the largest computer company in the world 世界最大的計(jì)算機(jī)公司。
The children are very good company (= pleasant to be with) at this age. 和這個(gè)年齡的孩子在一起很開心。
a pleasant evening in the company of friends 與朋友一起度過的愉快的夜晚。
He’s coming with me for company. 他要陪我一起來。
It is bad manners to whisper in company. 在眾人面前竊竊私語是不禮貌的行為。
7. apply申請，請求。 （常用搭配：apply to sb for sth ）如：
I was admitted to a key university to which few dared to apply. 我被一所一般人都不敢報(bào)名的重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了。
Apply 還有“運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用”的意思。 常用搭配：apply sth to sth 如：
The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. 這項(xiàng)研究的成果能應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)開發(fā)方面。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
8. worthwhile 值得的
Worthwhile , worth, worthy 區(qū)別
Worthwhile 強(qiáng)調(diào)“值得花時(shí)間或精力”。基本句式是：be worthwhile doing something ; be worthwhile to do 例如：
It was worthwhile searching for his “roots”. 有必要查查他的根底。
Hangzhou is a beautiful place, it is worthwhile going/to go there. 杭州是個(gè)美麗的地方,值得一去。
Helping old people is a worthwhile activity. 幫助老人是一項(xiàng)很有意義的活動
Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. 謝謝你提出的好建議。
As a musician it is worthwhile to deal both with copyright and performing right. 作為音樂家既應(yīng)付版權(quán)又應(yīng)付演奏權(quán)是值得的。
Many people find it worthwhile to join an archaeological society. 許多人發(fā)現(xiàn)加入一個(gè)考古社團(tuán)是值得的。
Worth 強(qiáng)調(diào)“某事值得捉或表示物品的價(jià)值”。基本句式是：sth be worth something 或sth be worth doing 。 如：
The book is (well ) worth reading. 這本書值得讀。
Worthy 強(qiáng)調(diào)“應(yīng)該得到（尊重，信任，表彰等）”，不表示價(jià)值。 基本句式是：be worthy of something , be worthy to do.
His courage was worthy of high praise. 他的勇氣值得贊許。
Guangzhou is worthy of a visit/to be visited. 廣州值得去看一看。
He said he was not worthy to accept such honor. 他說他不應(yīng)該接受這種榮譽(yù)。
The school has graduated many worthy young people. 這間學(xué)校培養(yǎng)了許多優(yōu)秀的年輕人。
Those who reject us are not worthy to be called our friends.背棄我們的人不值得做我們的朋友。
9. open up 暢所欲言 ；開拓，開辟；開業(yè)，營業(yè)
It helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up. 與人談?wù)撟约好媾R的問題固然有益，可我覺得有些話說不出口。
The railway opened up the east of the country. 鐵路使國家東部不再閉塞。
Exciting possibilities were opening up for her in the new job. 新工作為她帶來了令人興奮的發(fā)展前途。
I open up the store for the day at around 8.30. 我的店每天早上大約8.30開業(yè)。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
5. starve 常用搭配：starve to death 餓死；starve for sth 渴望得到某物；be started of 非常需要，沒有
如：The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn’t start. 發(fā)動機(jī)沒有油了，啟動不了�！�
In recent years the Department has been starved of financial resources. 在近來幾年部里非常需要金融方面的資源�！�
6. fit in (with sb/sth) 與。。。合得來，適應(yīng)
He’s never done this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll fit in with the other people. 他過去從未干過這種工作，很難說他是否會與其他人配合得好。
Where do I fit in? 哪里有我適合的地方？
Do these plans fit in with your arrangements? 這些計(jì)劃和你的安排沖突嗎？
Fit sb／sth in 找到時(shí)間（見某人，做某事）找到足夠的地方
I’ll try and fit you in after lunch. 我盡量午飯后抽時(shí)間見你。
I had to fit ten appointments into one morning. 我得在一個(gè)上午安排十次約見。
We can’t fit in any more chairs. 我們沒有地方再擺更多的椅子了�！�
7. as a consequence 結(jié)果，作為。。。的結(jié)果
This may lead to problems in the future as a consequence. 這將來可能引起問題。
8. as well, just as well, may as well
Just as well adv. 幸好，無妨，還是。。。好
It would be just as well to let them know. 最好先給他們個(gè)信兒。
You can tell me what you think, and you may just as well be frank. 你心里想什么就告訴我吧，你還是坦率些好。
May as well 最好，不妨
Come on now, you may as well tell us. 快點(diǎn)，你最好告訴我們。
since everyone's giving speeches, I may as well take a turn. 既然每個(gè)人都講話，我不妨也輪一下。
9. have a reputation for
She soon acquired a reputation as a first-class cook. 她不久就獲得了一級廚師的榮譽(yù)。
I’m aware of Mark’s reputation for being late. 我知道馬克遲到是出了名的。
10. approve 贊成，同意 [v] ~ (of sb/sth)
I told my mother I wanted to leave school but she didn’t approve. 我告訴媽媽我要離開學(xué)校但是她不同意。
Do you approve of my idea? 你同意我的想法嗎？
She doesn’t approve of me leaving school this year. 她不同意我今年離校。
批準(zhǔn)，通過（計(jì)劃，提案，要求等）
committee unanimously approved the plan.委員會一致通過了計(jì)劃。
11. whereas （用以比較或?qū)Ρ葍蓚�(gè)事實(shí)）然而，但是，盡管
Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not. 一些研究結(jié)果令人滿意，其他則不然。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
12. remain （系動詞）仍然
to remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 依然沉默/站著/坐著/一動不動
Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火車票很可能會保持不變。
It remains true that sport is about competing well, not winning. 體育重在勇于競爭而不是獲勝，一向如此。
[v-n] In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 盡管有過爭吵，他們?nèi)允亲詈玫呐笥选?/p>
He will remain (as) manager of the club until the end of his contract. vi. 留下，剩下
Very little of the house remained after the fire. 火災(zāi)之后，房子所剩無幾。
There were only ten minutes remaining. 只剩下10分鐘了。
vi. 仍需去做（處理）
Much remains to be done. 還有許多事要做。
It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你說的對不對還有待證實(shí)。
There remained one significant problem. 還有一個(gè)非常重要的問題。
[v (that)] I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains (that) she lied to us. 我為她感到難過，可事實(shí)是她對我們?nèi)鲋e了。
13. How many pairs of jeans do you possess?
Possess 擁有， 持有
They possess three cars. 他們擁有3輛汽車。
具有（性情，特征）
The little girl possess great courage. 那個(gè)小女孩有很大的勇氣。
強(qiáng)烈的感情，惡魔等 纏附某人，控制
She was suddenly possessed by/with fear. 她突然感到害怕。
其他：be in possession of 擁有
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
14. 高考相關(guān)
1. (NMET 95) If you work with strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is.
A whatever B however C wherever D whenever
B. 本題考察讓步狀語從句，however 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，一般構(gòu)成however +adj./adv.+主語+謂語. 該句子還可以寫成：no matter how great it is.
2. (NMET 97)It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ he or she wants.
A however B whatever C whichever D whenever
B. 從屬連詞whatever 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，等于anything that he or she wants, 且在從句中做賓語，所以 A, D 不可選。 Whichever 指在“大范圍”已經(jīng)確定的情況下的任何一個(gè)， 而這句話并沒有確定大范圍，所以用whatever 表示“無論什么”。
3. （NMET 2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
A to see B to be seen C seeing D seen
B. it 為形式主語， 真正的主語是whether 從句。 因?yàn)椴欢ㄊ奖磉_(dá)的被動含義，所以應(yīng)使用被動形式。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
5、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的兩種變形形式：
一般疑問句形式：Is/ Was it … that…?
特殊疑問句形式：Who/ Whom /When/ When 等 + is/ was it that …? 如：
1）Was it in 1979 ______ the American astronaut succeeded ______ landing on the moon? (上海 94)
A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in (Key: D)
2）Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert? (上海 95)
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself (Key: A)
3）Who was it that you met in the street yesterday? 昨天你在街上遇到的是誰？
Where was it that you met Jack yesterday? 你昨天是在哪里遇到杰克的？
6、當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)的介詞短語時(shí)，如果去掉介詞，句型會發(fā)生根本變化。試比較：
It was five o'clock in the afternoon _____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain．（NMET 96）
A．since B．when C．that D．until (Key: B)
該句為 when 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，it 在句中表示時(shí)間。如在題干上加上介詞 at，句子變成：It was at five o'clock in the afternoon _____ they climbed up to the top of the mountain．空格中只能填 that，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。因?yàn)椋焊呖荚}目如果填 that，就應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，去掉 it，was，that，可以得到：They climbed up to the top of the mountain five o'clock in the afternoon. （不成立）所以高考原題不能填 that；而增加介詞的句子可以改寫為： They climbed up to the top of the mountain at five o'clock in the afternoon. 這是個(gè)完整的句子，所以填 that，為強(qiáng)調(diào)句。
七、另外兩個(gè)與it 有關(guān)的常用句型
1、It is／ was ／will be the + 序數(shù)詞 + time that 從句。
該句型意為“這是／那是／這將是某人第某某次做某事了”。主句謂語動詞用is時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主句的謂語動詞用was時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)；主句的謂語動詞用will be時(shí)，從句的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如：
1）She understood what I was talking about, even though it was the first time we had spoken together. 盡管這是我們第一次在一起談話，但是她明白我們在談些什么。
注意：句型中 it 可以用this 或 that，time 可以用成 week，year，month 等邊式時(shí)間的名詞。如：
This is the first moth that/ year I have been here. 這是我在這兒的地一個(gè)月/第一個(gè)年頭。
）It’s high time they realized the problem. (NMET 99) 是他們意識到問題的時(shí)候了。