第十單元

（一）復(fù)習內(nèi)容 SB2A Unit 1; SB2B Unit 13, Unit 18

（二）復(fù)習要點

1. 詞匯

SB 2A Unit 1

match v & n

1) The color of the shirt does not match that of the coat.

2) I’m ready to match my strength with （against）yours. （我準備和你較量較量。）

3) These two are well matched in strength. （他們倆勢均力敵。）

4) His bolld type does not match his father’s.

5) There is going to be a basketball match on campus next Monday.

engage vt.

1) He is engaged just now.

2) Tom is engaged to Anne.

3) This seat is engaged.

4) We engage him as technical adviser.（我們聘請他擔任技術(shù)顧問。）

5) His good nature engages everyone.（他善良的性情吸引每個人。）

6) Work engages much of her time.

7) The old lady was engaged in making clothes for her neighbor’s children.

observe v.

1) He has observed the stars all his life.

2) He observed a man trying to force the lock（撬鎖）

3) We observed her walk away with a smile.

4) The accused man was observed to enter the bank.

5) We must observe these principles in our action.(遵守)

6) I observed nothing on the subject.(發(fā)表看法)

7) They don’t observe Christmas Day there.(慶祝)

be on fire for be similar to

be similar with have …in common

work on go by

be/get engaged to go on with

dream of on the other hand

turn out use up

make a difference be satisfied with

take a look at believe in

what if the other way round

SB 2B Unit 13

benefit n. & v.

1) I get a lot of benefit from learning a foreign language.

2) That experience was of great benefit to me.

3) We must make efforts to take exercise for the benefit of our health.

4) Such foolish behavior will not benefit your case(案子).

5) I benefit enormously from my father’s advice.

mix v.

1) S he mixed flour and milk together.

2) He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.

3) His wife mixed him a hot drink of milk, sugar and chocolate.

4) He’s such a friendly person that he mixes well in any company.(他為人和氣，跟任何人相處都很好。)

benefit from all the way

break down break up

take advantage of give off

give out call in

play a trick on agree on

be sensitive to provide …. for ….

a variety of contribute to

make up of

SB 2B Unit 18

reject v.

1) They had rejected our request contemptuously(輕蔑地).

2) He rejected our help.

3) She rejected my suggestion..

4) They rejected his application for membership.

5) The machine rejects badly worn coins.

6) Reject fruit that is overripe.(扔掉熟過了的水果)

connect v.

1) Every new thought has to be connected to what we already know.

2) I was connected to the wrong number.

3) Please connect me with the sales department.=Please help me get through to the sales department.

4) City A is connected with City B by a high way.

5) This sitting-room connects with the bedroom.

6) The train connects here with another for Beijing.

7) Shall we connect Germany with beer? (我們能把德國和啤酒聯(lián)系起來嗎？)

8) It’s said that he’s connected with the murder case.

throw away carry around

let out be born creative

come up with allow for

get stuck break away from

be connected to be aware of

trial and error feel inspired

try doing try to do

every ten days after all

now that keep track of

2.句型結(jié)構(gòu)

SB 2A Unit 1

1) Nothing in life is to be feared.

2) There is no doubt that they will win.

3) There didn’t seem much point in working on my PHD.

4) Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of.

5) Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.

6) What if it rains tomorrow?

SB 2B Unit 13

7) Water is actually quite simple, but the way the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties.

8) They form a polar molecule, that is, one with a slightly positive end and one with a slightly negative end.

9）The salinity of the earth’s oceans is about thirty-five parts per thousand, meaning that there are about thirty-five grammes of dissolved solids and gases in one kilogramme of water.

10) Even though the pure water is what gives sea water its main properties, the salinity os sea water affects both its weight and freezing point.

11) Water, which seems so simple and common, is what makes life possible.

SB 2B Unit 18

12) By thinking about the way we think and practicing good thinking strategies, we can become more creative.

13) As with thinking outside the box, the process includes a series of different attempts and several false starts.

14) Thomas Edison made a rule saying that he had to make an invention every ten days

14) What is it that Adam has none, Eve has two and everyone has three?

15) A computer does keep information in its memory, but that is clearly different from other kinds of storage.

16) They all knew that for each new invention that works, there are at least ten that do not.

3.語法：動詞不定式(The Infinitive)

一) 動詞不定式和動詞不定式短語：

動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，不能單獨做謂語，但是又具有動詞的特點，可以有自己的狀語和賓語構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語。例如：

It’s very important for you to listen to the teacher’s instructions carefully.

To design front page for Class Paper by computer every month is a great pleasure for him now.

二) 動詞不定式的形式和含義

1、to do是動詞不定式的一般式，表示即將要做的事情或發(fā)生的動作。

如： The new type of computer to appear in the market next month is even advanced.

2、to have been done 是動詞不定式完成被動式，表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，而且與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系。

如： The book was said to have been translated into more than ten languages.

3、to be doing是動詞不定式的進行式，表示其動作和謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。

如： Jack pretended to be reading when mother came into his room.

4、to have done 是動詞不定式的完成式，表示動作發(fā)生謂語動詞之前。

如： I felt terribly sorry to have caused you so much trouble.

5、to be done 是動詞不定式的一般被動式，表示即將要發(fā)生的動作，而且與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系。

如： He thought it an honor to be invited to speak there.

三) 動詞不定式在句子中充當?shù)某煞?/p>

動詞不定式可在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補足語，但不能作謂語，可有自己的邏輯主語，即for sb. to do

1、不定式作主語

To do that sort of thing is foolish.

It would be better for you to go there.（it作形式主語代替后面的不定式）

注意：不定式作主語表示某次特定的行動；動名詞作主語表示經(jīng)常性習慣性動作。

Walking after supper is helpful.

To walk in the street this evening will be nice.

2、不定式作表語

To see is to believe. （主語為不定式時，表語也用不定式，不用動名詞）

All you have to do is（to）finish the job quickly.

（當表語用來解釋主語中的do的具體內(nèi)容時，表語中的不定式常省略to。）

3、不定式作賓語

He promised not to tell anybody about it.（不定式的否定為not to do）

He didn’t go to the party last night，but he intended to.

（不定式后的動詞可承前省略，但to不省略）

以下動詞只能跟不定式作賓語：afford，agree，ask，attempt，decide，demand，expect，fail，help，hope，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，seem，wish

4、不定式作定語

①There are many TV sets to choose from.

（當不定式之后有介詞與其修飾的名詞有介賓關(guān)系時，介詞不能省略）

②Betty was the first（girl） to come.

He’s the only person to know the truth.

The easiest way to learn English is staying at an English family.

（當名詞前有序數(shù)詞，最高級或next，only等修飾時，其后面用不定式修飾）

③She has a wish to travel around the world.（一些要求不定式作賓語的動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞后，仍可帶不定式作定語）

5、不定式作狀語

①He spoke loudly （so as/in order） to be heard.（目的狀語）

②I’m too tired to walk any further this afternoon.（結(jié)果狀語）

不定式作結(jié)果狀語常用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：

so+adj./adv.+as to do …如此……以至于

such+adj.+n.+as to do 如此……以至于

enough+adj./adv.+to do足夠……

too+adv./adj.+to do太……以致不能

③They jumped with joy to hear the news.（原因狀語）

④He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.（方式狀語）

⑤I’m very glad to see you again.

⑥The teacher said I was too young a girl to fall in love at the moment, which made me feel bored.

6、不定式作賓補

①動詞+賓語+帶to的動詞不定式，具有這種用法的動詞有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，challenge，drive，encourage，expect，forbid，force，hire，intend，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，require，teach，tell，want，warn

如：The school doesn’t allow the students to play football on the campus at noon.

②表示見解、看法的動詞+賓語+帶to的不定式，具有這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有：believe，consider，declare，discover，feel（認為），find，imagine，judge， suppose, think，understand如：

I consider him to have done wrong.

（該類賓補常用to be或to have done）

③感官動詞+賓語+不帶to的不定式，具有這種用法的動詞有：feel，hear，listen to，watch， see，look at，notice，observe等。

④使役動詞+賓語+不帶to的不定式，具有這種用法的動詞有：make，have，let等。如：

Shall I have him come here？

They shouldn’t be made to do such heavy work.（被動式中必須帶to，但have一般不用于被動式）

⑤動詞短語+賓語+帶to的不定式，具有這種用法的詞組有：arrange for，ask for，call on，count on，long for，depend on， rely on，wait for等。如：

I’m waiting for you to reply.

四) 不定式符號to是否省略：

1、感官動詞(feel，hear，listen to，watch， see，look at，notice，observe等)及使役動詞have，let，make等動詞后，不定式不帶to，但是，當這些動詞變成被動語態(tài)時，動詞不定式要加上to。如：

A computer does only what thinking people have it do.

-Mum，why do you always make me eat an egg every day？

-To get enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.

The little young guest was made to feel at ease at Einstein’s home。

2、不定式用作介詞except、but和besides的賓語時，如果except、but和besides前有do的某種形式，則其后不定式不帶to，否則要帶to。如：

Sandy could do nothing but admit to his teacher that he was wrong.

I can do everything around the house except cook.

We have no choice but to fight to win or to die.

另外，在but構(gòu)成的習慣用語中不帶to：can not help but do…（不得不）；can do nothing but do…；can not choose but do…；can not do anything but do…（只能做）。

3、當兩個或多個不定式由并列連詞and或or連接時，第二個（及其后的）不定式中的to�？墒÷浴�

如：The student has decided to go to school and ask his teacher for help

但是，如果不定式之間不是并列而是表示強烈的對比關(guān)系，或者在不用and和or連接時，則第二個不定式前的to不能省略。

如： The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.

I want him to write these sentences down and not to translate them into Chinese.（前后對比關(guān)系）

4、句子的主語是含有do的名詞性從句，或者是all/thing+含有do的定語從句時，其后作表語的不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to。如：

What he wants to do is （to）travel to Beijing on the National Day.

All I want to do is （to）help my students improve their English level.

What the workers would demand is to raise their wage.

5、在情態(tài)動詞如：had better，would rather…than…，might as well之后不用to。動詞help后to可帶可不帶。

Rather than ride on a crowded bus，he always prefers to ride a bicycle.

You might as well think it over carefully and not make your decision in such a hurry since it’s so important.

All these arguing isn’t going to help us （to）win the election.

近十年高考題中出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)動詞不定式的試題：

1. Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer.

A. to have invented B. inventing

C. to invent D. having invented

2. Rather than on a crowded bus，he always prefers a bicycle.

A. ride；ride B. riding；ride C. ride；to ride D. to ride；riding

3. We agree here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met

4. The patient was warned oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

5. I would love to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone

6. Robert is said abroad，but I don’t know what country he studied in .

A. to have studied B. to study

C. to be studying D. to have been studying

7. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier， it more difficult.

A. to make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make

8. I’ve worked with children before，so I know what in my new job.

A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects

9. late in the morning，Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept

10. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains

whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen

11.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows .

A. it what to do with B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it D. to do what with it

12. Helen had to shout above the sound of the music.

A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

13. You were silly not your car.

A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked

14. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars had left.

A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

15. My advisor encouraged a summer course to improve my writing skills.

A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take

16. The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduced in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused

17 .I don’t know whether you happen , but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September

A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard

（答案：1. A 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B

11.C 12.D 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.C 17. D)

（三）補充練習

Ⅰ 用所給動詞或動詞詞組的適當形式填空

break down benefit from break out break away from take advantage of come up with turn out tell the difference all the way allow for treat

1. The French pianist who had been praised very highly to be a great disappointment.

2. News reports say peace talks between the two countries ________ with no agreement reached.

3. The people around me often _________ my kindness and borrow money too often.

4. More and more students are _______ this modern type of instruction.

5. We went to the classroom without having a rest after planting the trees.

6. At last we can between the twin brothers.

7. I said nothing at the meeting his losing face.

8. A quarrel _____, which made him _____ his family.

9. He is said _____ badly in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.

10. Engineers new ways of saving energy.

Ⅱ.用所給的單詞或短語將下面的句子翻譯成英語。

1．杰克正努力學(xué)習以彌補高一、高二玩掉的時間。（make up for）

2．我?guī)Я藘蓚�包來，一個裝了些衣服另一個裝了些書（one with…and one with…）

3．當氣溫在零下時，水會結(jié)冰。（freeze）

4．他向我們伸出兩個指頭，意思是他已經(jīng)贏了比賽。（mean）

5．我們應(yīng)該考慮到任何可能發(fā)生的事件。（allow for）

6．吸煙者肯定很清楚吸煙會對他們的健康造成種種危害。（be aware of）

7．因為缺乏時間和經(jīng)費的保證，我們的工作陷入了困境。（get stuck）

8．在關(guān)鍵時刻討論這么簡單的問題是毫無意義的。（point）

9．事實是地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)，而不是太陽圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。（the other way around）

10．只有想象與創(chuàng)造，我們才會與眾不同。（make a difference）

（四）練習與測試

Ⅰ. 單項選擇

1. The elderly need special care in winter, as they are___ to the sudden change of weather.

A. sensible B. sensitive C. flexible D. positive

2. Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away as if out of the office.

A. went B. gone C. to go D. would go

3. These two articles have nothing _____ with each other.

A. in ordinary B. in same C. in common D. in difference

4. Only under special circumstances to take make-up tests.

A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted

C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen

5. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.

A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D.the way which

6. What have they said you so angry?

A. to make B. makes C. make D. made

7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.

A. whatever B. whichever C. however D. whenever

8. ---- Water can dissolve almost anything and give nutrients to creatures.

---- Yes, and that’s one of its __________.

A. characters B. properties C. qualities D. ability

9. ---- Will you stay for lunch?

---- Sorry, ________. My brother is coming to see me.

A. I mustn’t B. I needn’t C. I can’t D. I won’t

10. Please have all the figures _______ to see how much they ________.

A. add; add up B. added to;

C. add up; add up to D. added up; add up to

11. ---- What is the cost of your shirts here, sir?

---- It depends on which fashion you want to buy, and the prices _______ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.

A. increase B. reaches C. ranges D. different

12. I mean ________ aboard and nothing is going to stop me, though that means _______ my parents for a long time.

A. going; leaving B. going; to leave

C. to go; to leave D. to go; leaving

13. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _______ he grew up as a child.

A. which B. where C. that D. when

14. I was really anxious about you. You _______ home without a word.

A. mustn’t leave B. couldn’t have left

C. needn’t leave D. shouldn’t have left

15. He _____ to persuade Eric, but he failed.

A. attempted B. succeeded C. managed D. admitted

16. We don’t agree _______ your plan. However, we won’t argue ______ you ______ it now.

A. on; with; about B. to; with; about

C. with; to; about D. about; about; with

17. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without _____ we would have lost our way.

A. it B. that C. this D. which

18. ----Who is up to the camp fire?

----It’s who is on duty today.

A.. to watch ;Tom, rather than I B. to watch ; I, rather than Tom

C. watching ;Tom, rather than I D. watched ;Tom, rather than

19. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes.

A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed

20. Because of the drought(干旱), the ground quickly _______ the little rain that fell last night.

A. took B. digested C. melted D. absorbed

Ⅱ.完形填空

We have long lived in a world where we are persuaded. Supermarkets are such places. We spend more time in them than we 1 to. We buy 75 percent of our food from them and 2 with products that we didn’t realize we wanted.

Right from the start supermarkets have been 3 of us. For example, when Sainsbury 4 shopping baskets into its 1950s stores, it was a great 5 .Now customers could pick up 6 they previously would have 7 . Soon after came trolleys（手推車）, and just 8 new roads attract more 9 , the same applied to trolley space.

Supermarkets work hard to round us there because the more time we spend in them, the more we buy. Thus great 10 is made to make the 11 pleasant. Stores play music to relax us and some 12 pipe air from the in-store bakery around the shop. In the USA, fake aromas（香精）are sometimes 13 . In experiments, pleasant smells are 14 in increasing our spending.

The other success story from the supermarket is the loyalty card（會員卡）.Customers may think they are being 15 for their consumption, but all the while they are trading 16 about their shopping habits. Research has shown that 75 percent of 17 comes from just 30 percent of customers. Eventually, reward cards could be used to 18 these shoppers, to make advertisements more 19 to those individual consumers, and to know who is buying what. 20 they can follow the product into people’s home.

1. A. have B. mean C. hope D. like

2. A. end up B. come up C. carry up D. hold up

3. A. fond B. curious C. ahead D. full

4. A. took B. introduced C. sent D. pulled

5. A. surprise B. idea C. pleasure D. success

6. A. baskets B. stores C. items D. supermarkets

7. A. ignored B. forgot C. avoided D. needed

8. A. since B. when C. after D. as

9. A. people B. products C. traffic D. trolleys

10. A. space B. effort C. promise D. plan

11. A. customers B. goods C. music D. environment

12. A. even B. also C. already D. still

13. A. made B. sold C. refused D. used

14. A. effective B. comfortable C. necessary D. important

15. A. pleased B. cheated C. served D. rewarded

16. A. advertisements B. information C. beliefs D. cards

17. A. buyers B. profit C. sale D. loss

18. A. benefit B. contact C. identify D. satisfy

19. A. related B. attractive C. convenient D. popular

20. A. Nevertheless B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. However

Ⅲ.閱讀理解

A

With Chinese universities turning out as many as 3 millions new graduate a year, the nation is quickly discovering the need to equip its young people not just with knowledge but the courage to build their own enterprises.

Gone are the days when a university diploma would qualify a person for being a member of the elite class. Only by adding entrepreneurial knowledge to the menu of skills for those newly launched into the workplace can today’s young people prove to be society’s most highly valued human resources.

Owning and running a company is an effective way to learn how to use one’s knowledge, manage human relationships, and serve other people.

It is welcome that some government agencies have announced improved terms of financial support to university students’ business ventures.

The Ministry of Labour and Social Security announced on March 29 that it would organize a training program designed for 300,000 people across the country in 2005, including college students, laid-off workers and migrant labors, with the expectation that half of the trainees will start their own businesses. The ministry hopes that such start-ups will become a new source of jobs to help ease China’s lingering unemployment crisis.

1. College students are encouraged to build their own enterprise mainly because .

A. they are not qualified for being a member of the elite class

B. today’s college graduates are not as good as those of the past

C. there are not so many good jobs for good college students

D. it is a way of easing the lingering unemployment crises

2. Which of the following is NOT true about building an enterprise of one’s own?

A. It can prove one’s true value

B. It can help to get on well with other people

C. It can help to train laid-off workers

D. It can apply to use what one has learned

3. The word “elite” in the second paragraph probably means

A. college students B. workers of a unit

C. excellent persons D. laid-off workers

4. It is implied that the biggest problem with setting up an enterprise for a college student is

A. knowledge B. experience

C. relationship D. money

B

The word “product” covers a lot more than the obvious objects, physical articles available for sale. A product can be a service, like dry-cleaning or management consulting. A product can also be a concept you would like an audience to believe. You might be selling support for a person, place, event, organization, or idea.

Your “product” will most likely be a combination of actual items, service, and beliefs. That is why I like to use the word “offering”. What you offer customers will almost certainly contain elements of each. A politician candidate is in many ways a product, promising to function in a way that solves problems for if you elect the candidate to office. Each of these examples represents some “offering” someone is asking an audience to buy.

As a marketer you must understand something about the life cycle of your product. If one product is falling in popularity, you need to have something else in the pipeline. How do you develop your new product? Are there innovations（革新）you can bring in current product?

The basic product life cycle goes like this: you introduce a product. If it’s halfway successful, it passes from introduction into a growth phase. Eventually it reaches maturity, which is then followed by a nearly unavoidable stage of decline. But not every drop in sales indicates the end of your product’s life cycle. If a downslide in sales occurs, treat it as a warning sign, not a death knell.

Never forget our first rule of marketing: People don’t buy products, they buy solutions to problems. If you can create a product offering that continually evolves（演化）, solving customer needs as those needs evolve, you will have a successful long-term product strategy.

5. According to the general idea of a product is .

A. service B. concept C. offering D. support

6. Which of the following is NOT true about keeping our products alive.

A. Develop your products

B. Learn to introduce your product

C. Bring in something new

D. Provide some kind of solution

7. In the second cycle of product life, the selling of your product

A. is very poor B. increases quickly

C. reaches its top D. begins to fall

8. What’s the best title for this passage?

A. What Does a Product Mean?

B. What’s the First Rule of Marketing?

C. What’s the Product Life Cycle?

D. How to be a Good Marketer?

C

At 9:00 a.m., I was scheduled to talk at a local high school to students in a program designed to keep pregnant（懷孕的）teens and troubled kids in school. The school is highly guarded because most of the kids are troublemakers who become involved with the law. I found it very difficult to address this multi-cultural group and talk about things that could encourage them for the future. I wasn’t making any progress until I started talking about what I do so well, helping people with money.

I took out a stack of ＄2 bills and started giving them out. The kids began to wake up because it was free money. The only thing I asked them after they took the money was not to spend it on themselves. I told them that they each had children that are unborn and, maybe, if there is anything in this world that could help move them forward, it is the fact that someone cares enough to do this.

Some of them asked for my signature. I think I honestly touched some of them. I started exchanging the dollar bills for a copy of the book I had written. Finally I closed with telling them that no matter what happens, someone out there really cares about them and is pulling for their success.

This is not the end of story. When I left the classroom, I told them to call me if they ever han problems. I couldn’t promise that I could help, but I was willing to listen and try to do anything in the world.

Three days later, I received a letter from a girl who heard my talk, in which she wrote: The day before your talk, I had decided to take mine and my unborn child’s life because I really didn’t think anyone cared. When you told the story, it brought tears to my eyes---there are people like you that care about people like me. Thanks for caring.

9. It was difficult to address the students because .

A. they made trouble now and then

B. they were from different countries

C. they showed no interest in hi topic

D. the writer didn’t make any progress

10. The writer touched some of the kids by

A. showing his care and honesty

B. his kind heart and sympathy

C. offering them his signature

D. giving them money and books

11. The writer tried to make the students believe that .

A. he would always help them

B. there is true love in this world

C. money is not important

D. life is valuable

12. The writer of the passage is most probably a .

A. professional writer B. movie star

C. social benefactor D. government officer

D

Psychologists once believe that the motive that caused men to try to get high-level position was the “need for achievement”. But now they believe it is the “need for power”.

Power seekers strive hard to reach positions where they can exercise authority over large number of people. Individual performers who lack this drive are not likely to advance far up the ladder. They usually scorn company politics and devote their energies to other types of activities. The power game is part of management, and it is played best by those who enjoy it most.

One of the least rational（理智的）acts of business organizations is that of hiring managers who have ha high need to exercise authority, and then teaching them that authoritative methods are wrong and that they should be consultative and participative. It is a serious mistake to teach managers that they should adopt styles that don’t agree with their personalities. Yet this is exactly what a large number of business organizations are doing; and it explains, in part, why their management development programs are not effective.

What should be taught is how to exercise their authority in a way that is suitable for the situation and the people involved. They need to learn that the real source of their power is their own knowledge and skill, and the strength of their own personalities, not the authority given to them.

13. Power seekers try hard for power because .

A. they can not make any achievement

B. it can give them a lot of exercise

C. they play best in management

D. they can take control of others

14. The writer thinks it unwise for business organizations to .

A. hire managers who are too eager for power

B. train managers what they should do or not do

C. neglect those who lack the drive to get power

D. hire managers who can’t get on well with others

15. It is a waste of time to teach the hired manager what they should do because .

A. they are not learned enough to understand it

B. they show no interest in knowledge

C. what is taught is not at all practical

D. what is taught is against their personalities

16. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Motive for Power

B. The Training of Managers

C. The Exercise of Power

D. The Real Source of Power

E

For nearly 500 years ,people have been gazing at Leonardo da Vinci’s portrait of the Mona Lisa with a sense of puzzle. First she is smiling. Then the smile fades. A moment later the smile returns only to disappear again.

Now according to Dr Margaret Livingstone, a Harvard neuroscientist, it is because of how human visual system is designed, not because the expression is ambiguous（模棱兩可的）.

In staring at the picture, Dr Livingstone said she noticed a kind of flickering quality. “But it wasn’t until later when I was riding my bike home that realized what it was,” she said. “The smile came and went as a function of where my eyes were.”

The human eye has two different regions for seeing the world, Dr Livingstone said. A central area, called the fovea（視網(wǎng)膜中央凹）, is where people see colors, read fine print, pick out details. The peripheral（外圍的）area, surrounding the fovea, is where people see black and white, motion and shadows.

When people look at a face, their eyes spend most of the time focused on the other person’s eyes, thus when a person’s center of gaze is on Mona Lisa’s his less accurate peripheral vision is on her mouth. And because peripheral vision is not interested in detail, it readily picks up shadows from Mona Lisa’s cheekbones. These shadows suggest and increase the curving of a smile. But when the viewers’ eyes go directly to Mona Lisa’s mouth, his central vision does not see the shadows, she said, “You’ll never be able to catch her smile by looking at her mouth,” The flickering quality occurs as people move their eyes around Mona Lisa’s face.

17. We can learn that the flickering quality on the portrait depends on .

A. the expression on the face

B. the moving of our eyes on the face

C. Mona Lisa’s cheekbones

D. the curving of the smile

18. According to the passage when the portrait seems smiling it is because .

A. the portrait is flickering

B. our eyes are moving

C. our center of gaze is on her mouth

D. our peripheral vision picks up the shadows

19. When the smile fades, it is because .

A. our eyes go directly to her mouth

B. our central vision is on away from the eyes

C. the fovea picks out the details

D. the center of gaze is on her eyes

20. Which of the following plays the most important role about the smiling in Mona Lisa?

A. eyes B. mouth C. cheekbones D. nose

Ⅳ. 短文改錯

The other day, the five of us called up the polices 1.

to get us to the examination site in the pre-National 2.

College Entrance Examination test on time. 3.

They had traveled to another city, that is, Dengfeng 4.

for a PE test of the National Examination. And 5.

we enjoyed ourselves in visiting parks and forget the 6.

exam time. While we suddenly remembered our task, 7.

there was only half of an hour left and we could 8.

find a taxi. One of us thought of calling 110 for police. 9.

To our surprise, they came in the minute and rushed 10.

us to the site just in time.

Ⅴ.書面表達

假如你是學(xué)生會主席，根據(jù)下面圖表，用英語寫一則關(guān)于春游的通知。

參加者 高中一、二年級學(xué)生

活動內(nèi)容 1. 去博物館看《人與自然》的展覽。

2. 參觀泉山植物園。

集合地點 學(xué)校大門前

集合時間 1. 4月25日上午乘校車前往。

2. 早上七點集合，七點二十分開車。

注意事項 1. 參觀展看時保持安靜；并認真記筆記，準備回來后討論。

2. 在山頂野餐，要自帶午餐和飲料。

3. 參觀者在本周四前到學(xué)生會報名。

注意：1. 通知必須包括表內(nèi)所列內(nèi)容，可以適當調(diào)整內(nèi)容的順序和增加細節(jié)使其連貫完整。

2. 詞數(shù)：100左右。

3. 通知時間：4月24日

4. 生詞：植物園 the botanical garden; 報名 sign up for; 學(xué)生會 the Students’ Union

請根據(jù)上一單元的講解，進行審題分析。

第十單元

（三）補充練習

Ⅰ.

1. turned out 2. broke down 3. take advantage of 4. benefiting from

5. all the way 6. tell the difference 7. allowing for

8. broke out; broke away from 9. to have been treated 10. have come up with

Ⅱ.

1. Jack is working hard to make up for the lost time when he was in Senior 1 and 2 playing.

2. I have taken two bags here, one with some clothes and one with some books.

3. When the temperature is below freezing, water will freeze.

4. He showed two fingers to us, meaning that he had won the game.

5. We should allow for everything that may happen.

6. Smokers are surely aware of the dangers to their own health.

7. Our job got stuck because of the lack of time and money.

8. There is no point in discussing such simple problems at the critical moment.

9. It’s a fact that the earth moves around the sun, not the other way around.

10.Only by imagination and creativity can we make a difference.

（四）練習與測試

Ⅰ.

1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9.C 10. D

11. C 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.A 19.A 20.D

Ⅱ.

1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B

11. D 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C

Ⅲ.

1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A

11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C

Ⅳ.

The other day, the five of us called up the polices 1. police

to get us to the examination site in the pre-National 2. for

College Entrance Examination test on time. 3. √

They had traveled to another city, that is, Dengfeng 4. We

for a PE test of the National Examination. And 5. But

we enjoyed ourselves in visiting parks and forget the 6. forgot

exam time. While we suddenly remembered our task, 7 . When

there was only half of an hour left and we could 8. of

∧find a taxi. One of us thought of calling 110 for police. 9. not

To our surprise, they came in the minute and rushed 10. a

us to the site just in time.

Ⅴ. One possible version：

Notice

The students of Senior Grade One and Grade Two will go out for a visit on April 25. We’ll first go

to the museum to see an exhibition of Man and Nature. When you’re in the exhibition hall you should keep quiet and make careful notes because we’re going to have a discussion after we come back. After that we plan to visit the botanical garden on the Quanshan Hill and have a picnic on the top of it. So please bring lunch and some drinking water with you.

Our school bus will take us there. The school bus will leave at 7:20. Please gather at our school gate at 7:00 am.

Those who want to take part in the activity should sign up for it at the Students’ Union before Thursday.

April 24 The Students’ Union