知識精講(一)
1．The Reaction of Metals with Oxygen .
reaction n.反應(yīng) 反作用力化學(xué)反應(yīng)
reaction with和……反應(yīng)
reaction to對……的反應(yīng)
He made no reaction to my joke.
他對我的玩笑沒有任何反應(yīng)。
2．The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order.
in order
�。�1）按照順序；挨次
He put all the books in alphabet order on the shelf.他把所有的書按字母順序放在書架上。
�。�2）整齊；整潔
�。�3）恰當(dāng)，正確；符合程序
�。�4）in order that＋句子
為了……，目的在于……
�。�5）in order to do sth..
為了（做某事），以便（做某事）
�。�6）keep in order
使遵守秩序；維持秩序
�。�7）out of order
次序紊亂；（機(jī)器等）失靈，出故障，有病，違反議事規(guī)則
3．Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top，and the metals that react least at the bottom.
table表格，一覽表；目錄
a table of contents
The results of the experiments can be seen in the table.
實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可在表上看到。
知識精講(二)
［注：上接知識精講(一)］
4．Leave the tube for one week.
此處leave意為維持，使或允許在或保持某一特定狀態(tài) (To cause or al low to be or remain in a specified state)。如：
He left the lights on.
他讓燈亮著。
leave作“離開”講時(shí)，為及物動(dòng)詞；當(dāng)其作“去、出發(fā)”講時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞。leave還用作“遺忘、忘掉”之意，與forget近義，但其后搭配不一樣。leave＋sth.＋表示地點(diǎn)的短語，而forget后只接sth.，不可接地點(diǎn)狀語。試比較：I left my English book somewhere.／I forgot my English book.
be leaving是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式，但表示“將發(fā)生的行為”。例如：
The train is leaving. You must hurry up. 火車就要走了，你必須快點(diǎn)。
5．This makes sure there is no air in the water.
sure是形容詞，意為“肯定的，當(dāng)然的”。常用來回答一般疑問句，等于Yes或Certainly。sure的用法：
�。�1）be sure＋不定式。常用于祈使句，表示要求，意為“務(wù)必、請一定”。指外界的看法。例如：
I think he's coming，but I'm not quite sure.
Be sure to telephone me and give me all the news.
�。�2）be sure＋of或about。意為“相信，對……有把握”，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。常用來表示“人對某事的看法”，指主觀上的看法。例如：
Are you sure of that meeting? He is sure about this answer.
�。�3）be sure＋從句。表示“某人對……有把握”。例如：
I'm sure that he is coming to help me.
The teacher is sure that these books are interesting.
�。�4）make sure意為“務(wù)必、確信”，其后也可接of或about或動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。例如：
1 made sure (that) he was badly ill.
Will you make sure of his return?
Make sure to come to the party on time.
知識精講(三)
［注：上接知識精講(二)］
6．Add some oil to the water. This will keep air out of the water.
add（1）增加
to add more hot water多加點(diǎn)熱水
Add a few more names of labourers to the list.
名單上再加上幾個(gè)工人的名字。
（2）加；加起來
If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.
四加三得七。
Add up these figures，please.
請把這些數(shù)字加起來。
（3）補(bǔ)充說；又說
I should add that we are very pleased.
我要補(bǔ)充的是我們非常高興。
I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.
我還要補(bǔ)充說一下，我們對測試結(jié)果表示滿意。
常用短語：
add fuel to the fire火上澆油
add up加算；合計(jì)
He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.
他把每一塊石頭的重量記下來，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
The various facts in their report just don't add up.
他們報(bào)告中的各方面材料根本串不起來。
add up to
總計(jì)為，總數(shù)達(dá)
7．It's getting brighter and brighter!
英語中兩個(gè)比較級用and連在一起表示“越來越……”如：
He runs faster and faster.
他跑得越來越快。
知識精講(四)
［注：上接知識精講(三)］
8．The closer you are .the more you'll see .
The＋比較級……，the＋比較級……“越……越…”
The more I read，the more intensely interested l became.
The more he has，the more he wants.
The happier a human being is，the longer he lives.
人越開心，壽命越長。
在句意明確時(shí)，常以省略句的形式出現(xiàn)。
The sooner (you do it)，the better (it will be).
9．Go ahead!
go ahead的基本意思是“往前走；先走；走在前面”。在日常對話中，表示鼓勵(lì)對方做某事，意為“干吧；說吧；盡管用吧”；與with連用表示“繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；著手進(jìn)行”等。如：
The police examined the cars and allowed them to go ahead.
警察檢查了那些汽車后，允許他們繼續(xù)趕路。
You go ahead and tell them we'll be there soon.
你先走一步，告訴他們，我們馬上就到。
-Could I have a look at your copy of China Daily?
我可以看一下你那份《中國日報(bào)》嗎?
-Sure. Go ahead.可以�？窗�。
If you think you can solve the problem，just go ahead.
如果你認(rèn)為你能解決這個(gè)問題，那就干吧。
After the rain，we went ahead with our work of digging the canal.
雨停之后，我們繼續(xù)挖渠。
He gave us the permission to go ahead with our building plan.
他允許我們著手制訂建房計(jì)劃。
知識精講(五)
［注：上接知識精講(四)］
10．It's your turn…
turn次序：依次輪流或按時(shí)間表的順序排列的一系列機(jī)會(huì)中的一次She's waiting for her next turn at bat.
她在等她在棒球比賽中的下一次擊球機(jī)會(huì)。
常用短語：
�。�1）at every turn＝in every place；at every moment
處處；時(shí)時(shí)
�。�2）by turns＝one after another；alternately
輪流地，交替地
“From the…testimony emerges a man by turns devious and honest，vulgar and gallant，scatterbrained and shrewd" ( Life )
“從指證來看，一個(gè)人交替地表現(xiàn)為狡猾和誠實(shí)，粗鄙和豪俠，浮躁和精明”（生活）
�。�3）in turn依次地，輪流地
（4）out of turn未按照正當(dāng)?shù)拇涡蚧蝽樞虻?/p>
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn.
任何人都不準(zhǔn)不按次序買票。
�。�5）to a turn正好；恰好
The roast was done to a turn.
面包烤得恰到好處。
�。�6）It's one's turn (to do sth.) 輪到某人做某事了。
It is your turn now.
現(xiàn)在輪到你了。
11．Come a bit closer.
可修飾比較級的詞
�。�1）a bit，a little，rather，much，far，by far，many，s lot，lots，a great deal，any，still，even等。
�。�2）還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。
（3）以上詞（除by far）外，必須置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。
12．so we should be very proud of that
be proud of以……為榮；以……自豪
do oneself proud養(yǎng)尊處優(yōu)，自奉優(yōu)厚
do sb. proud給面子，使某人感到榮幸；慷慨地款待某人；豐盛地招待某人
He is proud of his daughter's ability to speak four languages.
他為女兒能說四種語言而驕傲。
He's too proud to be seen in public with his poorly-dressed mother.
他非常傲慢，不愿在公共場所被人看見和衣衫襤褸的母親在一起。
13．…as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.
be supposed to:應(yīng)該，必須，被認(rèn)為，被期望
Athletes who competed in the Olympic Games were supposed to be amateurs.
在過去，奧運(yùn)會(huì)的參賽運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該是業(yè)余選手。