Language Points in Unit 4
Warming up:
1. get through接通（電話）；讓人了解；辦完；完成；了結(jié)；（使議案在議會）通過
e.g. She is too fat to get through the door.她太胖了，連這扇門都進(jìn)不去。
It is difficult to get through this amount of work in such a short time.
很難在這么短的時間內(nèi)干完這么多工作。
I finally got through at twenty past ten.我終于在十點二十分接通了電話。
2. as mad as a door: angry or mad
mad adj. 有精神病的；瘋狂的；不顧危險的；生氣的；憤怒的；極快活的
e.g. She was mad with me for losing my keys.她為我丟了鑰匙而生我的氣。
He was mad with joy. 他欣喜若狂。
Listening
put …together
1.裝配，組裝
e.g. He took the machine to piece and then put it together again.
他把那臺機器拆開，然后又重新組裝起來。
2.整理（思緒等）；綜合（多數(shù)人的意見、想法等）
e.g. She tried to put her thoughts together. 她設(shè)法整理思緒。
Reading:
1. Some English poetry reminds readers of Chinese poetry.讀者有時發(fā)現(xiàn)英文詩與中文詩有異曲同工之妙。
remind sb of sth使某人回想起或意識到某人或某事物
e.g. This song reminds me of France. 我一聽到這首歌就想起了法國。
2. More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.詩歌勝過任何其它的文學(xué)形式，它靈活運用聲音、詞匯和語法。
1)這是一個用比較級結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)最高級意思的句子。
e.g. No one knows more about the history of my hometown than my grandpa.
沒人比我爺爺更了解我故鄉(xiāng)的歷史了。
2)morn than ：與其說是……，不如說是……
e.g. It is more blue than green. 與其說是綠的，不如說是藍(lán)的。
The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.
這本書看起來與其說是語法書，不如說是詞典。
3) play with在這里是“巧妙運用”的意思。
(1)玩耍，與……玩，比賽
e.g. I often play tennis with him. 我時常與他打網(wǎng)球。
(2) 動……念頭；玩弄（人的感情）；把玩（物品）
e. g. She was playing with the idea of studying abroad.
她正在動出國留學(xué)的念頭。
3. Poetry also calls up all the colours, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.詩歌還能喚起夢幻世界的一切色彩、感情、經(jīng)歷和各種奇特的意象。
call up (1) 打電話
e.g. Please call me up when you arrive there.你到那兒后請給我打電話。
(2) 使回憶起
e.g. The music calls up old times.這音樂讓人回憶起舊時光。
(3) 征召，召集
e.g. They were called up to fight against the enemy.
他們被召集起來與敵人作戰(zhàn)。
4. Poems by Du Fu, Li Bai and Wang Wei among others stand out in the halls of glory.杜甫、李白、王維以及其他詩人的詩詞兀立在榮光寶殿之上。
stand out 突出，引人注意
e.g. This is one of things that stand out in my memory.
這是我記憶中最為突出的事情之一。
5. Shakespear is most famous for his plays.莎士比亞主要因其戲劇聞名于世。
most之前無定冠詞，這不是famous的最高級，而是副詞原級，意為“極，很，十分”。
e.g. We shall most certainly come.我們一定來。
6. His sonnets, however, belong to the best English poetry.他的十四行詩是英國詩歌中的至尊瑰寶。
belong to屬于；為……的財產(chǎn)；為……一員；和……有關(guān)聯(lián)（無被動語態(tài)）
e.g. That dictionary belongs to the library.那本詞典是圖書館的
7. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.付印后，他的詩作因為行尾不押韻而大獲其名。
1)once published=once it was published
當(dāng)過去分詞短語作狀語時，有時可以使用“連詞＋過去分詞”的形式。
注意：（1）從句的主語和主句的主語要保持一致。
（2）從句的動詞形式必須是被動形式。
e.g. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看到了，就永遠(yuǎn)不會忘掉。
2) absence n. 缺席；不注意；心不在焉；缺乏
e.g. Darkness is the absence of light.黑暗就是缺乏光亮。
［拓展］
in the absence of 缺乏……時；當(dāng)……不在時
leave of absence 請假；準(zhǔn)假
absence of mind精神不集中；心不在焉
absence from school逃學(xué)
8. Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets.英國浪漫主義詩人深受中國人的喜愛。
倒裝句，強調(diào)Greatly loved in China。
e.g. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen.
躺在地上的是個大約17歲的男孩。
9. The style and atmosphere in their poems has often led to comparisons with poets such as Du Fu and Li Bai.他們詩的風(fēng)格及他們在詩中所營造的氛圍使人們經(jīng)常把他們與杜甫和李白做比較。
lead to 導(dǎo)致，產(chǎn)生（其中to是介詞，其后不能接動詞不定式）
e.g. Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
糖吃得太多會導(dǎo)致疾病。
10. Quietly we embrace 我們靜靜地相擁，
In a world lit up by words. 在這個用語言照亮的世界里。
light
(1) vt.&vi. 點燃，點亮
e.g. He stopped and lit ()the cigarette.他停下腳步點燃了香煙。
(2)照亮（常與up連用）
e.g.The candle lit the room quite well. 蠟燭將房間照得通明。
(3) vt.&vi.容光煥發(fā)
e.g.A smile lit up her face.她展顏一笑，表情為之開朗。
11. come into being 產(chǎn)生，形成
e.g.When did the world come into being?世界是什么時候產(chǎn)生的？
Grammar
1. fire at/on sb. 朝某人開槍
1)vt. He fired the gun at the enemy.他向敵人開炮。
2)vi. They fired at/on the enemy.他們向敵人開槍。
Integrating Skills:
1. Reading aloud gives you a strange feeling, but when you have some practice and fall into the rhythm, the rhyme and the sounds of the words, it is really very special experience. 大聲朗讀這些詩的時候，你會有一種奇怪的感覺，但當(dāng)你經(jīng)過一番練習(xí)，進(jìn)入詩詞的節(jié)奏韻律以及聲音中時那確實是一種特殊的體驗。
fall into掉入，陷入某種狀態(tài)養(yǎng)成（壞習(xí)慣），開始……起來
e.g. We played a trick on them and they fell right into it.
我們戲弄他們，他們就真的上了圈套。
I fell into conversation with a writer at the party.
聚會中我與某位作家談了起來。
2. When the poem is finished, I close the book and my sadness is gone.
詩讀完后，我把書合上，悲傷也消失得無影無蹤了。
gone 為的過去分詞，可作為形容詞使用，表示：“過去了的；不見了的；已死的；用光了的”
e.g.Summer is gone.夏天已經(jīng)過去了。
All my hope is gone.我的所有希望都破滅了。
With all his money gone, he had to return home.
錢都用光了他只好回家去了。
When I returned there, I found the book gone.
當(dāng)我回到那里時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)那本書不見了。
3. Collect your favourite poems in a notebook and ask your friends to contribute to it. 將你喜歡的詩收集在一起并讓你的朋友們參與進(jìn)來。
contribute to 在本句中為“向……投稿”之義。
e.g.She has contributed (several poems)to literary magazines.
她給文學(xué)刊物投了（幾首詩）稿。
contribute to還可表示“為……做貢獻(xiàn)（或捐款）；有助于；促成某事物”等。
e.g.He contributes ten pounds to a charity collection every month.
他每月都捐獻(xiàn)10鎊給慈善事業(yè)。
Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的著作極有助于我們理解這一難題。