1. So is he. / So he is.
a. so＋be 動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語
此句型只限于肯定句中， 表示"某人或某物情況也是如此"
He has lost the address. So have I.
Mary likes playing the piano. So has Jane.
If he goes there, so will I. ( pay attention to the tense)
若前面句子結(jié)構(gòu)中既出現(xiàn)了be動詞又出現(xiàn)了行為動詞或者其它不同的形式通常用 So it is with 或 It's the same with
--- Mary likes playing the piano, but she can't play it well.
--- So it is with her brother. / It's the same with her brother.
b. 否定句要用 Neither/ Nor ＋ be動詞．助動詞．情態(tài)動詞＋主語，
表示" 某人或物情況也不這樣"
I have never been to Beijing. Neither has my brother.
c. So ＋主語＋be動詞．助動詞．情態(tài)動詞
此句型表示贊同 "某人或某物確實如此".
--- You seem to like tea.
--- So I do. (是的，我確實喜歡)
1. I like sports and _______________my brother.
2. ---John won the first prize in the contest.
---________________.
3. --- It was careless of you to have left your key.
---_______________. My God!
4. He is not a worker and _________________I.
5. --- Li Li is clever, but she doesn’t work hard.
---__________________her brother.
2. go on doing / go on to do/goon with
注意區(qū)別以下短語所表達的不同含義
stop to do/doing; remember to do/doing;
forget to do/doing mean to do/doing;
regret to do/doing; try to do/doing
need to do/doing; can't help to do/doing
After reading a while, he _______________(listen)to the radio..
The doctor found a girl, who______________________
(shout and cry),obviously mad.
After a while, he _______________________ the work.
______________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.
3. too much與much too
①. Don't drink___________.
②. I don't like winter because there's
___________snow and ice.
③. The trip is ________ for such an old man.
④. It's ___________cold today.
⑤. He walked ________fast. I couldn't catch
up with him.
4. by the way; by way of (經(jīng)由...,取道); on the/one's way (to);
in the/one's way (擋道); in this/that way
①._________, have you heard from Joan recently?
②. He went to Japan ________ Shanghai.
③. Don't stand in the kitchen door. You are ___________.
④. He is___________ to success.
⑤. I'll buy some vegetables___________ home
5. as a result / as a result of / with the result
a. He made one big mistake, and ________ lost his job.
b. _____________ the flood, thousands of people lost their homes.
c. The farm was flooded, ___________ that most of the harvest was lost.
6. have ＋賓語＋賓語補足語
( do sth./doing sth./done)
①. We'd be delighted to have you ___________
( work) with us.
②. I'll have the car (wait) at the
entrance, will that be all right?
③. I've had my car ( repair).
④. He had his wallet ( steal ) on his
way home.
⑤. I won't have you ( talk ) to your
parents that way.
*⑥. I have a composition ( write ), so
I can't go swimming.
我讓約翰給我理了發(fā)。I had John cut my hair.
他讓火日夜燒著。He had the fire burning day and night.
我有很多作業(yè)要做。I have a lot of homework to do
我的自行車得讓人修理了。I have to have my bike repaired。
9. holiday、vacation、 leave、 off
holiday 時間可長可短，與季節(jié)連用時多為復(fù)數(shù)，與數(shù)詞連用時只表示次數(shù)，不表示日期。
Vacation 指比較長的假期，多指寒暑假。
Leave 多指休假。如：ask for a leave
Off (adv.) 多用在名詞后作定語。
① Christmas is a __________for everybody.
② The children will take their summer ________in half a month.
③ My father is on _________.
④ The manager gave the workers a day ______.
⑤ I have to ask you for half a day’s ________.
10. allow sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth. permit sb. to do sth. forbid sb. to do sth.
allow doing permit doing forbid doing
1. The teacher____________________(允許我離開).
2. We don’t______________________(不許吸煙) here.
3. You _____________________(準(zhǔn)你) enter the room.
4. You ______________(禁止你) go out.
5. The school forbids______________________(在草坪上踢球).
6. The nurse ____________(允許) him to remain there, though it was ______________________(不允許 ).
11. first of all: 首先; above all: 最重
要的; at first : 起初, 開始
① ___________, he didn't know how to operate the machine at all.
② We must work hard; _________ we must believe in ourselves.
③ I have a lot to say, but ______________, I want to thank you for your warm welcome.
16. on holiday / on vacation；
go for a/one's holiday
17. make sure / be sure of / be sure to do
I think the party begins at six, but I’ll phone to make sure.
Please make sure when he will come.
①. ____________ come next time.
②. He ______________ living to ninety.
③. Are you ___________ his coming?
④. ____________ that you look after the dog while I’m away.
18. at \ in \ by the end
①. We had learned ten lessons ___________ last month.
②. His speech proved a success __________.
③. ____________ your experiment you will
see that the water will become red.
19. prefer sth./doing sth. to sth. / doing sth.
prefer to do sth than do sth. would rather do sth. than do sth.
20. instead of、instead、與 without
a. instead: adv 頂替，代替。單獨使用在句中作狀語
I didn't go to the cinema last night. Instead, I stayed at home studying
b. instead of 介詞短語 "代替", "而不是" 與 in place of一樣,可加名詞,代詞。instead of 后還可加介詞短語和v-ing form 但 in place of 不可
I stayed at home studying English instead of going to the cinema last night.
I went to the zoo on foot instead of by bus.
c. without 和 instead of 一樣都是介詞，都可以加名詞、代詞或動名詞。但 without 后的動作可以與前一動作同時發(fā)生，instead of 則不可。
e.g. He left the room without saying a word.
① I don’t like this one; give me that __________.
② He stayed at home studying English ___________ going to the cinema.
③ Tom passed by me _________ saying hello to me.
④ He went to school by bike _______ by car.
⑤ If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me __________.
1. Before you start work, I’ll __________________(you)
the office so that you can meet everyone.
2. Don’t look at him! He’s just_________________.
3. The boy made much noise so I had to _________________(him).
4. Some of the pictures are __________ in London.
5. I’ll __________ the book to you later.
1.Please give my regard to him.
2.On my way home, I found out a wallet on the ground.
3. We say “good-bye” in the end of the class.
4. In our opinions, these boos are well written.
5. Whenever I have free time, I go a long walk.
6. They agreed him to water the flowers.
7. Once you’ll understand Japanese, it will not be difficult to live in Japan.
8. We hope you a pleasant trip back home.
9. In the day followed, he received a letter.
10. He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looked rather pleased.
2. 關(guān)于“exam”
take/have one's/an exam 進行考試 hold an exam 舉行考試
pass an exam 通過考試 fail (in) the exam 考試失敗,沒通過考試
take part in an exam 參加考試 give (students ) an exam 考學(xué)生
3. more or less
a. 大約 It's an hour's journey, more or less
b.或多或少 Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and America.
4. 與 difficulty 相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)
① have some ( much, little, no...) difficulty/ trouble ( in ) doing sth.
② There is/was some ( much, little, no...) difficulty /trouble ( in ) doing sth.
③ It is/ was difficult for sb. to do sth. ④ have difficulty with sth.
He said he had some difficulty/difficulties with his English pronunciation.
5. different的相關(guān)句型
be different from 與...不同 be different in 在...方面不同
tell the difference between A and B
① The weather of North China is different ______ that of South China.
② Can you tell us the difference ________ Asian elephants and African elephants?
③ They are quite different ____ character.
7. come 短語
come about : happen How did this accident come about?
come across: a. meet by chance 偶然遇見某人或某物
b. occur to 出現(xiàn)于...中 The thought came across my mind that …
come after : 跟隨,追蹤 The farmer came after the dog with a stick.
come at : 攻擊, 襲擊 If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you.
come back: 回來come out:
a. appear; become visible The sun / stars come(s) out.
b. become known (消息)傳出, (真相) 大白 When the news came out...
c. be published 出版 When will his new book come out?
come up :
a. ( of seeds, plants, etc) show above the ground. Spring has come; everything comes up.
b. be put forward The question hasn't come up yet.
c. come up to sb. 走近某人 come to oneself :蘇醒過來
come true:實現(xiàn)come on:過來；加油come into being:出現(xiàn)；誕生
① --- When did the company_____________? --- In 1993.
②_____________; I’ll tell you about it.
③ When I looked through the paper, I ________________his name in it.
④ He ________________ smiling to me.
⑤ We have sowed seeds in the fields, but nothing has _____________yet.
⑥ When will your book_____________?
8. 數(shù)量詞的表達方式
a. a good / great many students; a good / great many of the students
many students ; many a student a great / large number of
millions of / hundreds of / thousands of dozens of / scores of
b. much; a great deal of; a large amount of
c. lots of / a lot of ; plenty of large quantities of / a large quantity of
9. bring in
bring up: a. ( educate ) b. ( raise ) c. ( throw up)
bring about: 帶來 ( cause to happen ) bring on: 使...前進; 帶來
The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely. bring out: take out
① We have ___________ experts to advise on the project.
② This business ___________ 300 million dollars a year.
③ The war_________________ great changes in living.
④ They have ______________ their sons to stand on their own feet.
⑤ They decided to ________________ the matter at the next meeting.
11. in a few days’ time ; in a few days
His birthday is in a week's time/ in a week. His birthday is a week away.
in 與 after 的區(qū)別:
① He will be back ________ two days. ② He came back ________ two days.
③ He will be back _______ two o'clock. ④ He came back ________ two o'clock.
12. during / in / within
① In 和 during 都可以表示一段時間，在可以用 in 的地方，一般也可以用 during。但 during 更強調(diào)時間的延續(xù)性，在表示事態(tài)要延續(xù)一段時間的名詞前，一般要用 during。如：during the meal。
② In 和 within 在表示時間的長度時，都有“不少于” “不超過”的意思，只是 within 顯得更正式一些。
1. My uncle lives _______ ten minutes’ walk. The president will arrive ______ ten minutes.
2. We’ll be on holiday ___________ July. He was killed ___________ the war.
3. We made a lot of friends _________ our stay in Beijing.
14. Take 短語
take off 起跳; 起飛;除去,脫掉take away 拿去,移動take back
a. 撤銷;收回(所說的話,以承認(rèn)錯誤或道歉) I took back what I had said.
b. 同意拿回;取回 take down : a. write down寫下,記b. 取下 c. 拆除,拆毀
take out: bring outtake on a. 開始從事 He took on a part-time teaching job in a
middle school. b. 雇用、招收 The factory is taking on more men.
c. 具有（呈現(xiàn)）新的面貌 The land around the lake took on a
different looktake over 接替、接管、繼承
take up a. 提起、拿起 This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots.
b. 占去（時間、空間） That big clock will have to go; it takes up
too much room in the small hall. It can take up a whole afternoon to prepare a meal.
c. 開始從事（某項工作） I hope to take up my new duties as your
chairman at the next meeting.
d. 開始熱衷于（某項活動） When did Jane first take up music?
e. 接受、采納 I’d like to take up your offer of a ride into town.
take sb. / sth. by surprise 突然襲擊、強攻take care 注意、當(dāng)心
take care of 照顧、負(fù)責(zé)take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)take sth. for granted 視為當(dāng)然
take it easy 放開些、別緊張take place 發(fā)生、舉行take the place of 代替
take turns 輪流
19. 并列詞 when 的用法
① be about to do … when... 正準(zhǔn)備... 這時(突然)
② be doing … when... 正在做...這 時(突然)
③ be on the point of doing… when…④ had just done … when … 剛剛做
完…就…
I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
I was about to go shopping when some friends dropped in on me.
I was going out when it began to rain.
I was walking in the street when I heard my name called.
14. bank / shore / coast / seaside / beach
bank 指河流或小溪邊沿的陸地；shore指海邊或湖邊靠水的一窄條陸地；coast 指陸地與海面的交接地帶；seaside指近海地區(qū)；beach指海灘。
1. We’re spending August at the __________.
2. My house is on the southern _________ of the river.
3. There are a lot of islands off the ________.4. The _______ was crowded with sunbathers.
5. The sailors were warned not to get into trouble while they were on _________.
23. say … to sb. say " Hi" /"Hello" to sb. (give one's regards to sb)
(remember sb. to sb.) say " Good-bye" to sb. say sorry to sb.
say yes to sb. say no to sb. 25.be made from / of / in; be made up of;
be made into; make...out of ; make up for
j The table ________________ wood. k Paper is made _____ wood; that is to
say, wood can be made _____ paper.
l A TV set ____________ hundreds of different parts.
m The machine _______________ this factory works well.
n We should do our best to _________ our lost time.
另外注意以下短語:
make ( good/full) use of; make the best / most of; ( = take advantage of )
make up one's mind
26. through / across
1. 從……通過、穿過 The sunlight was coming through the window.
2. 一直到 I go to work morning through night.
3. 經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)受 He has been through a long illness.
4. 從一邊到一邊 We plan to travel through Europe this summer.
5. （進行到底） I’m counting on you to help me through.
1. Look around when you walk _______ the street. She drove straight ________ the town.
2. There is no bridge ________ the river. Water flows ____________ this pipe.
3. The river is 10 metres ___________1. 我們的工作條件多少有些改善。
2. 我們學(xué)校下學(xué)期將從外省引進一些新教師。3. 你找到那所房子有沒有困難?
4. 通常對于一個孩子來說判斷正誤有些困難。5. 有時候很難說清爭吵是怎樣發(fā)生的。
6. 對不起,我不明白你的意思,請再說一遍好嗎? 7. 當(dāng)你在倫敦見到約翰時,請代我向他問好. 8. 因為惡劣天氣的緣故,飛機沒能按時起飛. 9. 我的一個朋友要出發(fā)去上海,明天我將去
車站送他。10. 我正準(zhǔn)備離開,這時他來敲門了。11. 當(dāng)他打開盒子時,除了一張紙外他什么也 沒看見. 12. 臺灣與大陸 ( the main land) 被臺灣海峽 ( the Taiwan Straits) 隔開。
1. so that / so as ( not ) to do
a. ①由 so that / in order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句常與can / could, may / might等連用
Speak clearly so that / in order that they may understand you.
He took a taxi in order / so as not to be late.
② 當(dāng)不定式作目的狀語置于句首時，只能使用 in order to… 或 to…,如：
In order to / To save time, he goes to work by taxi instead of by bike.
③當(dāng)不定式作目的狀語時要注意其邏輯主語。
如不能說：In order to / To succeed, every means should be tried.
而應(yīng)該說：In order to / To succeed, you should try every means.
④ So that / In order that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句不能用于句首。
* so that還可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句
1 It was very cold, so as to the river froze.
2. There were such many people in the room that I could not get in.
3 He wrote so carefully that make every word clear
2. prevent … from doing sth.
stop sb./sth. doing sth. keep sb./sth. from doing sth.
prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.
Nothing can stop us taking the socialist road.
Ways must be found to keep poisonous gases from polluting air.
Ways must be found to prevent the river from being polluted.
4. make + 復(fù)合賓語
① make 作使役動詞，常用于下列情況：
do
make sb./ sth. done
adj. / n.
What has made you think I’m a farmer?
What he did at school made Father angry.
We made him monitor of our class.
② make sb. do… 結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)時，須用帶 to 的動詞不定式。
He was made to work day and night by the boss.
be made from / of / in; be made up of; be made into;
make...out of ; make up for
j The table ________________ wood.
k Paper is made _____ wood; that is to say, wood can be made _____ paper.
l A TV set ____________ hundreds of different parts.
m The machine _______________ this factory works well.
n We should do our best to _________ our lost time.
另外注意以下短語:
make ( good/full) use of; make the best / most of;
( = take advantage of ) make up one's mind
7. rest n. 其余部分 rest 常與定冠詞 the 連用
the rest 作主語時,謂語動詞由 the rest 所代表的名詞或 of 后面的名詞的數(shù)來決定。
Some people left the room. The rest were still talking.
The rest of the money was sent to him.
1 He’s got only one shirt, because all the rest___________(be) being washed.
2 The rest butter ______________(keep) for breakfast
9. knock (sb./sth.) down: 撞倒; 拆除
1、拆除、拆卸 They are going to knock down those old buildings soon.
2、打倒、撞倒 He knocked him down with one blow of his fist.
3、把(價格)壓低、使減價 He knocked down the price by 10 percent. knock out
1、使失去知覺、使昏迷 A blow on the head knocked him out.
2、使驚得目瞪口呆、震驚、使說不出話
For a moment I was completely knocked out by the news of my friend’s death.
knock into sb./sth. 與某人或某物相撞
He almost knocked me down before he saw me.
If you knock into someone, say sorry to him/her.
10. wear / put on / have on / dress
① put on “穿上、戴上”；是終止性動詞，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。
② wear “穿著、戴著、蓄（頭發(fā)、胡子）”
③ have on 也表狀態(tài)，常可跟 wear 通用，但 have on 一般不用進行時，而且沒有 wear 用處廣，如表示“蓄胡子”等只能用 wear。
④ dress vi. 指穿的動作或狀態(tài)，表示“穿衣”；vt. 表示給……人穿衣。
① Why don’t you __________ your coat? It’s cold outside.
② Many girls __________________ skirts in summer time.
③ He was an old man who __________ thick glasses.
④ My daughter is old enough to __________ herself.
⑤ She is always ___________ in green.
⑥ She is a nice girl. She always _______ well.
11. agree:
a: agree to do sth. / that-clause
They agreed to come on Monday.
They agreed that they would come on Monday.
b: agree with 同意,贊成, 后接sb. 或 what sb. says
He agreed with me (= He agreed with what I said.)
與...一致, (氣候,食物等)適合
The verb must agree with the subject in person and number.
Mutton doesn't agree with you.
c: agree to the suggestion( proposal, plan, method, agreement...)
d: agree on 對...取得一致意見。主語常常是協(xié)商一件事的人或單位，后常接表示具體協(xié)議的文件、計劃、行動等名詞.
Finally they agreed on the plan of work.
At last they agreed on the date for another meeting.
agree--- agreement disagree--- disagreement
1. I ____________ what he said.
2. All those who ___________ the plan, raise your hands.
3. We ___________ leaving there the next day.
4. Finally he ______________ get someone to help me.
5. The food doesn’t _____________ him.
12. supply vt
① 供應(yīng),供給(所需要或所要求的事物)
supply sth. to sb. / supply sb. with sth.
The water-works(自然水廠)supplies the town with excellent water.
② 滿足(需要) The government will supply (=meet) the need for more houses.
n. 供給,貯藏量 The answer lies in two facts. The first is that it has stored supplies of fat in its body during the summer and autumn.
We shall be receiving a good supply of shoes next week.(一大批)
* provide:供給(尤指生活必需品) provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
* offer: a: 提供 offer sb. sth / offer sth. to sb. b: 出價
We offered him the house for $2,000.我們索價二千美元賣給他那幢房子
We offered him $2,000 for the house.我們出價二千美元買他那幢房子
15．部分否定與全部否定
a: not 與 all, both, every 等連用,不管其位置如何都表示部分否定
Not all of them are interested in the book. (= All of them are not interested in the book.)
This kind of flower cannot be seen everywhere.
(= In some places we can see the flower, but in some other places we cannot see it.)
b: none, neither, no one等形式表示全部否定 None of them are for the plan.
1 All of them are not students. 2 No seats are left in the hall.
3 Both of them won’t go4 Neither of them will go. 5 He is not always late.
6 He never tells lies no one / none
① no one 用來指人，不能接 of 短語，當(dāng)它作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
② none 不僅指人也可指物，其后常接 of 短語，構(gòu)成 “none of + 名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)名詞或代詞為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。
③ 回答 how many / how much 引起的問句用 none；回答 who 引起的問句用 no one.
◆ ________ likes a person with bad manners.◆ ________ of his friends came to help him.
◆ Almost _________ believes him.◆ ________ of them has / have seen him.
◆ --- How much coal is left? --- _________.◆ --- Who entered the room? --- _________.
◆ --- How many students are there in the classroom? --- _________.
17. put up / set up / build / found
put up 帖(廣告); 舉(手); 架起,建造(有形之物)
set up 建造、創(chuàng)立(建筑、機構(gòu)、設(shè)施等)
found 成立、創(chuàng)辦(黨團組織、國家政權(quán))
build 建造、建設(shè)(各種具體或抽象的東西，也可引申為培養(yǎng)、發(fā)展、增強等含義).
① Last year a cinema was ________________ near our school.
② The rich man __________ a hospital and a school in the town where he was born.
③ The nursery was ________________ in our school.
④ The newspaper reporter _______________ his camera under a tree.
⑤ They must __________ good relations with the masses.
10. Let’s __________ a shed here for the time being.
11. The murderer was ________________ at last.
12. Can you ________ the sentence ________ English?
13. A big fire broke out last night and soon it was _____________.
14. How are you going to __________ the plan ____________.
15. Then he _______________ a call to Green.
16. We must find a p[lace where we can __________________.
put an end to 平息 / 停止 / 結(jié)束/ 消滅put away / aside收起來/ 儲存
put back放回原處/ 后移 / 撥回put down寫下來/ 鎮(zhèn)壓
put in / 安裝 put into / 譯成put into practice 執(zhí)行， 實行
put off / put on / out put through 接通電話 put up舉起， 安裝，張貼
put up for the night住宿put up with忍受put to death處死
1. ________the reference books _______ on the shelf.
2. The police ____________ _________the strike.
3. He __________ the clock five minutes.
4. His mother asked him to ________ his toys ________.
5. Try your best to ____________ what the teacher says.
6. The sports meet was ____________ because of the rain.
7. A new magazine was ____________ last year.
8. It’s cold outside, ______________ your coat.
9. I can’t _______________ your laziness
19. begin(...) with; end (up) with Begin each sentence with the words given.
Knowledge begins with practice. We started/ began with soup, and had fruit to end ( up ) with.
20 grow up 生長,長大;發(fā)展,興起
What are you going to be when you grow up?
The city has grown up since I was young. grow out of:來自,來源于
Sports grow out of everyday activities.
21 spend, cost , take
( sb. ) spend money/time on sth./in doing sth. ( sth.) cost ( sb. ) some money
It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. It took him three years to write the book.
He took three years to write the book. The book took him three years to write.
He spent three years writing the book.
1. Every year he ________ a lot of money on books (in buying books).
2. This dictionary _______ me 100 yuan.
3. Making experiment like that ______ much time and labour.
4. Careless driving may ______ you your life.
5. They have decided to ______ 70,000 yuan for the newly-built house.
6. We’ll _______ you in a few days, when I have money.
1 She goes home two times every month.
2 Please keep the door to open. The air here is not fresh.
3. A burned child is afraid of fire.
4 The bridge was not strong enough and the flood washed away it.
5 Ten of the children are playing basketball; the rest is watching.
6. He lives in a far away place 7 He has got a plenty of men friends.
8 What do you mean on saying that? 9 Let’s begin our class from the new words.
10 We must supply everybody enough food.