1.Later,another type of coin was used, with holes in it, and these were used for the next 2,000 years, that is, from 221 BC until 1916.后來使用另外一種中間有孔的硬幣，這種硬幣以后用了2000年，即從公元前221年開始到1916年為止。
解析：①本句是由and連接的一個并列復合句。其中with holes in it是一個with的復合結構，由“with +n.+介詞短語”組成，作定語，修飾coin.
例John's family used to live in a wooden house, with trees round it.約翰一家過去住在一座四周都是樹木的木屋子里。
This is a new type of machine, with lots of metres on it.這是一種新型的帶有許多儀表的機器。
這種with的復合結構也可在句中作狀語。
例He is deep in thought, with his head in his hands.他陷入深思，兩只手捧著頭。 另外，with的復合結構還可由“with +n.+現在分詞/不定式/過去分詞/形容詞”構成，常在 句中作狀語。
例She read the letter, with tears running down her cheeks.她讀著信，淚水順著面頰流下來。
He stood for a while with his hand still raised.他站了一會兒，他的手依然舉著。 With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.由于沒什么事要做，我便到外面散散步。
He used to sleep with the windows open.他常常開著窗戶睡覺。
②句中的that is意為“這就是說”“也就是”。在句中作插入語，用以對上文補充說明。插入語的前后通常用逗號同句子的其他部分分開。
例The story happened about a century ago, that is, a hundred years ago.故事發生在大約一個世紀以前，也就是說，一百年前。
2.Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford.到郵票銷售點去，把你能夠買得起的郵票買下來。
解析：①句中stamp sales =stamp sales department郵票銷售部，郵票發售點(the place w here stamps are sold)。sale的復數形式sales常用來作定語或構成合成詞。如：a sales talk 銷售談判；the sales department 銷售部；salesgirl/salesman/saleswoman 推銷員 ，售貨員
②句中的whatever是連接代詞，意為“凡是……的”“所……的東西”，相當于anything that，常用來引導名詞性從句。句中whatever you can afford就是作buy的賓語，相當于“…buy anything that you can afford.”
例Do whatever you like (=Do anything that you like.)你愛干什么，就干什么吧。(賓語從句)
Whatever I have is yours.(=Anything that I have is yours).我所有的東西全是你的。(主語從句)
此外，whatever還可作“無論什么”，相當于no matter what,用來引導讓步狀語從句。
例Whatever you do, do your best.(=No matter what you do, do your best.)無論你干什么，總要盡最大的努力。
Keep calm, whatever happens.(=Keep calm, no matter what happens.)無論發生什么事情都要保持冷靜。
核心知識
常用單詞積累
shape ring(n.) collection bank material hide hand out here and there look round envelope sooner or later pick up pack packs of cheaply cock shame coin silver penny(pl. pence) mine(n.) possibly whenever trade whatever afford
基礎知識精講
1.shame n. “遺憾的事” (=pity)
用法：①What a shame/pity!
例What a shame/pity (that) you can't come with us!你不能跟我們一起去，是多么可惜!
②It's a shame/pity +that clause
例It's a shame/pity you can't stay for dinner.真遺憾，你不能留下來吃飯。
2.be of +抽象名詞，表示主語的特征。意為“具有……”如課文中“be of different sizes, weights, shapes”意為“具有不同規格、重量、形狀等”，此結構常�？梢赞D化成be +形容詞結構。
例The work is of great importance. =The work is very important.這項工作很重要。
The old watch is still of some use to me. =The old watch is still useful to me.這塊舊表對我還有些用處。
注意：在口語中，此結構中的of有時可省去，特別是在介詞賓語之后還有修飾語的時候。 例The soldiers are almost (of) the same height.這些士兵差不多一樣高。
The earth is (of) the shape of an orange.地球是呈桔子形的。
3.date ① vi “起始”“興起于”
用法 date from “始于……時期”
例Her interest in coin collecting dates from her childhood.她收集硬幣的興趣始于她的童年時代。
(擴展)date back to 可追溯到，是……時代開始有的。
例The castle dates back to the 14th century.此堡建于14世紀。
②n. “日期”
常見短語有：out of date 過時，(式樣)陳舊 up to date 跟上時代
例Much of the information in that book is now out of date.那本書中的許多信息現在已經過時了。
His ideas are up to date.他的思想符合時代潮流。
4.keep ①vt.“經營”“管理”“養活”
例keep a shop (開商店) keep a hotel(經營旅館)
keep a farm(經營農場) keep the house (管理家務)
keep a family (養家糊口)
② vt. “使……保持/處于某種狀態”
用法：Keep +n.+ adj. /-ing/p.p/prep/adv.
例You should keep your room clean and tidy.你們應該使你們的房間保持整潔。
Please keep the fire burning.請使火保持燃燒。
Mother kept the food locked up.母親把食物鎖起來。
If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.如果你的手覺得冷，把它們放在你的口袋里。
The cold weather kept us indoors.寒冷的天氣使我們呆在家里。
③link v.“保持”“繼續(處于某狀態)”
例Please keep quiet.請保持安靜。
5.without “毫無”“沒有”
用法：其后跟名詞或-ing形式或名詞+-ing形式作狀語
例We cannot finish the work without your help.(如果)沒有你的幫助，我們就不可能完成這項工作。
We can not speak English without making mistakes.(如果)不犯錯誤，我們就說不會英語。
The movie actress passed without being recognized.這位女電影演員走過時，沒有被(大家)認出來。
He is too serious without anyone getting near to him.他太嚴肅了，(結果)沒有人親近他。
6.hand out “散發”“發給大家” 反義詞組：hand in “上交”
例The teacher handed out the exercise books at the beginning of the class.老師在開始上課的時候把練習本發給大家。
The compositions must be handed in.作文必須得交上來。
7.trade vt. “交換”“進行貿易”
用法：①trade with(sb.) “與(某人)作買賣”“同(某人)交換”
例I didn't trade with that company; the price of their goods was too high.我沒同那家公司做生意，他們的商品價格太高了。
He often goes to the stamp market and trades stamps with others.他常去郵票市場同人家交換郵票。
②trade for “用(某物)同(某物)進行交換”
例I'd like to trade this book for your knife.我想用這本書換你的刀。
I traded my watch for a bicycle.我用我的手表換了輛自行車。
8.sooner or later “遲早”“總有一天”
例He is always telling lies; he will be punished sooner or later.他老是撒謊，遲早他是會受到懲罰的。
9.afford vt.“花得起”“買得起”“有(時間，經濟等)條件(做某事)”用法：afford sth
例This kind of car costs a lot of money, but he can afford it.這種小汽車要很多錢，可他買得起。
I can afford only the cheapest.我只買得起最便宜的。
② afford to do
例We can't afford to go away for a holiday this summer.今年夏天我們無力度假(抽 不出時間去度假)。
Some villagers can't afford to send their children to school.有些村民無錢送子女上學。
10.pick up ①“用較少的錢買到……”
例You can pick up some useful books at a low price at that book store.在那家書店，你能以很便宜的價格買到一些有用的書。
②“撿起，拾起”
例The boy picked up a wallet beside the street.這男孩在路邊拾到一個錢夾。
③“接收到、聽到(偶然地，無意地)獲得”
例Where did you pick up the news?你從哪兒獲悉的這消息?
④“用車接，公汽等中途載人”
例The school bus will pick you up at the school gate at 7∶00.校車七點鐘在校門口接你們。
⑤“收集到”
例Jack has picked up a large number of Chinese stamps.杰克已經收集到大量的中國郵票。
11.fun ［u］n.樂趣 funny adj.“有趣的”“滑稽的”
例It's great fun to jump into a pool or go swimming in a river in summer.夏天跳進游泳池或是到河里去游個泳是莫大的樂趣。
What fun the children had at the seaside!孩子們在海邊玩得真開心!
12.it作形式主語
用法：英語中有時為了句子的平衡，常常用it作形式主語代替作真正主語的不定式短語，-ing形式和that從句放在句首。
例Getting used to the life in a foreign country needs time.
＝It needs time to get used to the life in a foreign country.適應國外的生活需要時間。
To pay more attention to the population of the earth is necessary. =It's necessary to pay more attention to the population of the earth.(我們)有必要更加關注地球的人口問題。
That the U.S.A is a developed country is known to all. =It's known to all that the U.S.A is a developed country.眾所周知，美國是發達國家。
典型例題
The idea of fighting a noise by making more noise sounds strange, but that's exactly what motor engineers are doing in Germany and some other countries.
Carmakers' research and development laboratories have already proved that mixing in more noise with the help of loudspeakers can reduce the unwanted noise.
Physicists have known about the technique for a long time. Sound is made up of pressure waves in the air. If two sound waves of the same frequency(頻率) mix so that the highest point of one wave happens at the same time with the lowest point of the other wave, the result is no sound. Therefore, by producing a perfect copy o f the noise and delaying it by half a wave cycle(周期),we can kill the unwanted noise. Using this technique many carmakers are racing to develop noise killing systems both inside and outside the cars.
Another good thing about the use of noise killing systems is that it saves the need for silencer, which not only reduces the weight of a car, but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better.
Some engineers believe that the noise killing system will be used in most cars in 1996.But the car makers haven't decided if they will put it into production be cause it would add several hundred dollars to the cost of their cars.
1.Which of the following gives a general idea if how the noise killing system
works?
A. By producing pressure waves going in the opposite direction.
B. By mixing high frequency sound waves with low frequency sound waves.
C. By making copies of the unwanted sound waves and letting them out a little
later.
D. By mixing new sound waves with the noise and sending them out together.
2.Besides its main function(功能) the noise killing system can ______________.
A. make a car lighter.
B. make a car quieter.
C. reduce the cost of a silencer.
D. improve the performance of a silencer
3.The noise-killing system is not yet popular mainly because ______________.
A. it increases the cost of car production.
B. carmakers are not sure if it is necessary.
C. it is still being tried out.
D. people still have their doubts.
解析 1.這是一道細節題，最佳答案為C。第三自然段的段落大意可以幫助考生理解什么是消音裝置，而by producing a perfect copy of the noise and delaying it by half a way cycle便是對答案的釋義。
2.這是一道細節題。只要考生抓住第四自然段中which not only reduces the weight of a car, but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better這一關鍵信息，便能得出A為最佳答案。
3.這是一道細節題，A為最佳答案。文章結尾的一句話便是正確答案的相應信息。
【有關"Mainly revision" 的教學設計】
教學設計1. Mainly Revision
前言
同學們，你是喜歡收集古幣還是喜歡集郵？如果你有幸成為一個古幣收藏的愛好這的話，那你一定會覺得它奧妙無窮吧。據說美國舉辦的一次拍賣會上，中國的其中一枚重 7．2 錢的銀幣折 18。7萬美元（折合人民幣 150 多萬元）。你如果對集郵入迷的話，你一定注意到了下列新中國的 10 大珍郵排行榜：
1、藍軍郵。1953年發行的一套軍郵，現拍賣價 107．8萬元人民幣。
2、“紀念毛主席創建井岡山革命根據地 40 周年”未發行票，俗稱“大藍天”，現拍賣價150萬元人民幣。
學習目標：
（一）知識教學點
1．單詞
shape n． 形狀，外形 shame n． 遺憾的事；羞愧
ring n． 環形物（如環、戒指） coin n． 硬幣
collection n． 收藏品，收集物 silver n． 銀
bank n． 銀行 penny(pl． pence)便士
material n． 材料，原料 mine n． 礦 vt． 采礦
hide(hid, hidden)v． 把…． possibly adv． 可能地；也許
藏起來；隱藏 whenever conj． 每當；無論何時
envelope n．信封 whatever adv． 無論什么
cheaply adv． 廉價地 afford vt． 負擔得起（……的費
cock． n． 公雞 用），抽得出（時間）；提供
2．詞組
trade sth． with sb． 用……進 sooner or later遲早
行交換 pick up無意地/偶然地買到，順
sth． be traded with sb． 便去買
trade sth． for sth． else packs of許多
hand out發放 kind of……某種
here and there到處 at the beginning起初
look round仔細查看 be mixed with與……混合
3．交際用語與句型
（1）交際用語
Hello． Can I speak to Zhou Lan, please?
This is Zhou Lan speaking． But I've only just got home．
I would like to ask you about some stamps．
What a pity! What a shame! I'll ring you if I have any news．
It' s a pity I didn' t think of it earlier
（2）句型
Coins can be of different sizes, shapes, and of different metals．硬幣可能大小、重量、形狀不同，金屬不同。
It is known that thousands of Chinese worked in the gold mines in the late 19thcentury． 據說成千上萬的中國人在19世紀后期在這個金礦里勞動過。
It is possible that one of them kept a kind of bank where the workers could keep their money safe．可能他們中有一人開設了一種錢莊，工人們可以把錢放在那里安全保存。
It is common to have the head of a famous person on one side．
通常在硬幣的一面有一個名人的頭像。
4．語法
（1）復習ing形式作主語的用法
Following your teacher's advice is important．
Seeing is believing．
It is no use crying over split milk．
（2）-ing形式作賓語的用法
A．作動詞賓語。注意下面動詞之后要求接-ing form做賓語，
Enjoy, finish, keep, practise, consider, suggest, advise, mind,
Have you finished rewriting the article?
I suggest using body language to help you to communicate with other people．
B．下面動詞之后要求接to do,或-ing form做賓語，
Like, hate, love, begin, remember, forget, intend．
C．作介詞賓語
Sorry for ringing you so early．．
（3）復習動詞不定式的用法
To complete the project is a great success．
You are the right person to play the part of Charlie Chaplin．
Do you need someone to help with the typing?
（二）能力訓練點
1．通過對話學習，掌握打電話的英語表達方式。
2．通過閱讀課文 Coin, Collecting stamps,掌握怎樣領會主題句，提高閱讀能力。
3．通過寫作，掌握怎樣寫回信和描寫物體。
教案內容：
內容1：教學重點與難點
內容2：語法擴散思維
教學設計2. Lesson 21
學習目標：
通過對話課的學習，復習打電話用語；通過對課文的學習，了解古幣的演變歷史和有關集郵的知識，完成有關課文內容的練習，并在課后模仿課文寫一篇介紹物品的說明文；通過語法 練習，復習第一至第五單元學習過的語法項目。
教案內容：
內容1：Teaching Procedures
教學設計3. Lesson 22
學習目標：
復習總結
教案內容：
內容1：Teaching Procedures
教學設計4. Lesson 23
學習目標：
復習總結
教案內容：
內容1：Teaching Procedures
教學設計5. 高二英語 Uint 6 Mailny revision
學習目標：
教學目的和要求：
⒈ 單詞和詞組：
shape ring(n.) collection bank material hide hand out L.22四會
here and there look round
envelope sooner or later pick up pack packs of L.23
cheaply
cock shame coin L.21三會
silver penny(pl. pence) mine(n.) possibly whenever L.22
trade whatever afford L.23
seashell L.22二會
⒉ 日常交際用語
復習第一至第五單元出現過的日常交際用語。
⒊ 語法：
復習第一至第五單元學習過的語法項目。
教案內容：
【關于“Mainly revision”的常見問題】
常見問題1: Mainly revision
問題：
The reason _______________ we should plant more trees is the forest can help stop the soil from being washed away.(1998年全國中學 生英語競賽高二初賽試題)
A. what, because B. for which, because
C. why, that D. that, for
解答:
解題指導：此題the reason后帶有一個定語從句，應用why, that或for which 引導，is后是一個表語從句。當主語為reason時，后接表語從句，一般不用because而用that引導。故答案為C.
常見問題2: Mainly revision
問題：
Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _______________ who had already taken them.(NMET 92)
A. the ones B. ones
C. some D. the others
解答:
解題指導：英語中常可用one或ones代替上文出現過的可數名詞，表類指。此題可用the one s代替前面的可數名詞復數pupils。不可用ones，因為這里是特指“已經拿走書的學生”， 所以ones前要用定冠詞the。答案為A.
常見問題3: Mainly revision
問題：
It's very cold. Let's make a fire _______________ ourselves up.
A. warm B. to warm
C. warming D. to be warming
解答:
解題指導：此題極易錯選A或C。選A或C即把make當成了使役動詞。而在此題中make a fire 意為“生火”，其后接帶to的不定式作目的狀語，即(in order) to warm ourselves up.答 案為B.
常見問題4: Mainly revision
問題：
Tom is_____that we all like him.
A．such a great fun B．such great fun
C．so great fun D．so great a fun
解答:
導析：fun通常作不可數名詞，前面不用a，故排除A、D。名詞前需用such修飾，答案：C
常見問題5: Mainly revision
問題：
The mother wonder where her child ___________.
A．hid himself B．was hidden
C．was hiding D．hid himself
解答:
導析：hidden表示主語所處的狀態，意為“躲避、隱藏”。hide用于主動語態，側重某人把某物藏在何處，故答案C是錯誤的。本句意思是“媽媽不知道她孩子躲在哪兒了。”答案：B
常見問題6: Mainly revision
問題：
-- Excuse me,is this Mr Brown's office?
--Sorry.He__________works here.He left about three months ago.
A．no longer B．no more C．not now D．not still
解答:
導析：D填入題干空白處，句子結構不對，故排除。談到時間，我們用no longer，而指數量或程度時，用no more，答案：A
常見問題7: Mainly revision
問題：
He said he wouldn't________ three weeks away from work.
A．waste B．spend C．afford D．cost
解答:
導析：四個選項都可以后接表時間的詞語。waste some time doing some thing，浪費時間做某事，spend some time doing something，花費時間做某事，cost指花費金錢(時間，勞力)等。本題題意為“他舍不得三個星期不上班”。
答案：C
常見問題8: Mainly revision
問題：
It's nearly seven o'clock.Jack_________be here at any moment.
A．must B．need C．should D．can
解答:
導析：根據題意，空白處應填一個表推測的情態動詞，need不表推測；can表推測意義時，常用在疑問句和否定句中，故排除B、D。must表示對談論的事情較有把握的推測；should表示委婉的推測，意為“應該、可能。”符合題意。又如：The report is written after careful investigation，so it should be reliable.這份報告是經過周密調查而寫成的，所以應該是可靠的。答案：C
常見問題9: Mainly revision
問題：
I'm going to the post office.Do youhave any letters_________?
A．to post B．to be posted C．posting D．being posted
解答:
導析：have something to do與have something to be done的區別是前者表示某人自己要做某事，后者則表示某人有某事讓別人去做，而不是自己做，
答案：B
常見問題10: Mainly revision
問題：
--Hello.May I speak to Bill，please?
--_______________________________.
A．Bill speaking B．I'm Bill
C．I'm speaking D．You are speaking
解答:
導析：A是This is Bill speaking的省略形式。B、C、D三個答案均不符合英美人的習慣。答案：A
常見問題11: Mainly revision
問題：
--I must apologize for________ahead of time.
--That's nothing.
A．letting you not know B．not letting you know
C．letting you know not D．letting not you know
解答:
導析：v-ing的否定形式是在其前面加not構成。例如：Excuse me for not coming here on time.對不起，我沒能準時來。What troubled the child most was his not being allowed to visit his motherin hospital.最使這小孩苦惱的是不允許他去醫院看望媽媽。答案：B
課后練習1：課后練習
一、從A、B、C、D中選出一個最佳答案
1. The ones you decide not to keep with other people .
A. that ; trading B. which ; can be traded
C. which ; will trade D. that ; to trade
2. The boy his knife a cricket bat .
A. traded ; with B. traded ; for C. changed ; by D. used ; as
3. You can then look for new ones your collection .
A. to add to B. added up to C. added up D. to add up
4. Old stamps have not been used usually more expensive ones .
A. which ; shall ; as used B. that ; are ; than used
C. which ; to be ; as using D. that ; to be ; than using
5. I saw him at the desk , .
A. sat ; to think B. seated ; thinking
C. seating ; thought D. to sit ; thinking
答案：1- 5 BBABB
二、以下各句可能多一詞 , 可能少一詞 , 也可能用詞錯誤 , 請你動動腦筋給予“矯枉過正”。
1. This kind of computer will on show next week .
2. His sister turned an engineer while he remained a worker .
3. The ice is so thick that ，I think ，all of us can skate on .
4. The ice is not thick enough for us to skate on it ，I think .
5. The book was written in such easy language that all of them could read it .
6. Would you mind going to there alone ?
7. I don't think she is an easy girl to get along .
8. They stood there all day and quarrelling .
9. Not only everything he had been taken away from him ，but also his German citizenship .
10. When he went back to buy the shirt ，he was told that it had already sold .
11. Tom is fatter than any boy in his class .
12. This information is much more important than that one .
13. Yesterday I bought a new pen ，but I lost .
14. Have you heard of the accident happened yesterday ?
15. Try a cup of coffee even you don't like it .
16. What water is known to us all .
17. He will go there on foot instead of car .
18. The news that Lincoln was murdered filled the American people's hearts deep sorrow .
19. If you want to telephone him , you'll have to look the number in the telephone directory .
20. She has been ill from last Sunday .
21. We've missed the last bus . I'm afraid we have no choice but take a taxi .
22. Do give an answer when you are spoken .
23. Can you make a room on that desk for more books ?
24. Luckily ，a child as he is ，Jack knows how to book 20 plane tickets .
25.－Both you and Jack seem to be getting along well .
－Right . I like him even better before .
26.－What happened to you ?
－I had my finger cut with knife .
27. It is necessary that a person drinks several glasses of beer if he feels thirsty .
28. What a fun it is to swim in summer !
29. Is this the watch you wish to have it repaired ?
30. I met several your classmates at the party yesterday .
31.－You can't answer my question ?
－Yes . I know quite little about it .
32. The jobs aren't easy . I don't know how to do well .
33. If you don't believe the result of the experiment, why not to try doing it in another way ?
34. The city has population of 2 million ，which surprises the visitors .
35. I'm told the shop will be in charge of Mr Li .
36. I feel an honour to be invited to speak here .
37.－Would you like me to turn off the radio for you ?
－No . I'm used to working with the radio .
38. The boy was to return yesterday，but he asked to stay another week .
39.－Do you need milk in the bottle ?
－No ，it's full enough already .
40. I did recognize him although he said we had met before .
參考答案
1. will 后加 be 。2. 去 掉an ; 或者改 turned 為 became。3. on 后加 it。4. 去掉 it 。5. such后加 an。6. 去掉 to。7. along 后加 with。8. quarrelling 改為 quarrelled ; 或者去掉 and。9. only 后加 had。10. sold 前加been。11. any 后加 other。12. 去掉 one。13. lost 后加 it。14. accident 后加 that / which 。15. even 后加 if / though。16. is 后加 is。17. of 后加 by。18. hearts 后加 with。19. look 后加 up。20. from改為since。21. but 后加 to。22. spoken后加 to。23. 去掉 a 。24. 去掉 a。25. better 后加 than。26. with 后加 a 。27.drinks改為drink 或者在drink前加should 。28. 去掉 a。29. 去掉 it 。30. several 后加 of ; 或者去掉 several 。31. Yes 改為 No ; 或者 quite 后加 a。32. do 后加 them。33. 去掉 to 。34. has 后加 a。35. in 后加 the。36. feel后加 it 。37. radio 后加 on 。38. he 后加 was 。39. need 后加 more 。40. did 后加 not。
課后練習1：課后練習
詞組句式運用
1.-Hello. May I speak to Zhou Hua?
-Yes._______________
A. My name is Zhou Hua. B.I am Zhou Hua.
C. This is Zhou Hua speaking D. Zhou Hua is me.
2.The bus stopped at the bus stop and _______________ 10 passengers.
A. carried away B. took away
C. picked up D. picked out
3.Please keep the door _______________ but the windows _______________.
A. closed, open B. open, closing
C. closed, opened D. opening, closed
4.In those days they couldn't _______________ a doctor.
A. afford to call B. afford to call in
C. afford to D. afford calling
5.To go fishing on Sunday is _______________.
A. great fun B. a great fun
C. great funny D. a great funny
6.Zhang Lan and I are _______________.
A. of same old B. of the age same
C. same old D. of the same age
7.Work hard and you'll succeed _______________.
A. right away B. in a hurry
C. at last D. sooner or later
8.The reason for his absence is _______________ he had to look after his
sick wife.
A. why B. because C. that D. whether
9.Millions of people die of illnesses _______________ by smoking.
A. caused B. causing
Cit. be caused D. being caused
10.It's generally considered unwise to give a child ____________ he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. Whenever
課內課外閱讀
In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the basic goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as realization of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness t o do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I'll do it”.The resulting difference can serve as a basis for the student to correct his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial and error(錯誤).
1.According to the passage, the present tense in English is ______________.
A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future
B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future pain
C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish
D. not the most difficult problem for foreign student
1.According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of
their mistakes by ______________.
A. asking native speakers for explanations
B. reading good books in the foreign language
C. comparing(對比) their speech with that of native speakers
D. speaking without regard to native speakers
2.According to the passage, foreign language students who do not interact with
native speakers will NOT ______________.
A. learn very much about the foreign culture
B. learn about the history of the foreign language
C. have to worry about making mistakes
D. take advantage of(利用) useful language models
3.According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much a bout making mistakes because ______________.
A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language
B. communication is the basic goal of language learning
C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes
D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language
4.The author's main conclusion about the use of mistakes in foreign language
learning is that ______________.
A. mistakes are not important in the course of learning a language
B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes
C. making mistakes can help me learner discover the rules of the language
D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their
mistakes
課后練習1：課后練習答案
詞組句式運用
1-5 CCABA 6-10 DDCAB
課內課外閱讀
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C