Lesson 10
1. Once they were known as “aborigines”, which means “the first people of a country”, 這些人曾被稱為“土著人”，意思是“一個地方最早的居民”，be known as … 大家公認……; 被稱為……；be known for… 因……而著名; be known to…為……所知; be known by… 憑……可知道; e.g. Mr. Wang is known as an authority on Mathematics in our school. 王老師被認為我校的數學權威。Mr.Chen is known to everyone as a good headmaster. 人人都知道陳先生是個好校長。Guilin is known for its beautiful sceneries. 桂林以風景優美而出名。This fact is known to us all. 這個事實眾所周知。A bird is known by its note and a man by his talk. 聞其鳴而知其鳥，聽其聲而知其人。
2. They developed a strong system of society. 他們形成了一種牢固的社會制度。develop vt. 發育；成長；發生；沖洗（膠卷）；e.g. Plants develop from seeds. 植物由種子發育而成。He developed a cough. 他咳嗽起來了。
3. Their spiritual faith and their gods were very important to them, and knowledge, customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race. 對他們來說，他們的宗教信仰，他們信奉的神是非常重要的；他們的知識，生活習慣以及他們所懷念的事情都是由他們的祖先傳授下來的。 hand down 把傳下來 e.g. The story was handed down from generation to generation. 這個故事世代相傳。 Our forefathers have handed a rich national culture down to us. 我們的祖先給我們留下了豐富多彩的民族文化。In poor families, clothes may be handed down from the elder child to the younger. 在窮人家庭中，大孩子穿過的衣服小的接著穿。
4. Kooris developed a way of life that was suitable for this hot and in many places dry country. 古利人形成了一種適合于這個炎熱并在許多地方非常干燥的國家的生活方式。be suitable for 對于……適合的；適宜于…… e.g. I don’t think he is suitable for the post. 我認為他不適合干這個工作。Do you think this present is suitable for a little boy? 你認為這件禮物送給小嬰兒合適嗎？***suitable 與 fit 的區別： suitable后面可接for sth.和to sb.; 而fit做形容詞只能接介詞for，而且句子的主語必須是人 e.g. The manager isn’t fit for his position. 經理不勝任他的職務。The work was not suitable to me. 那工作不適合我干。
5. a curiously shaped piece of wood 一塊形狀奇特的木頭
6. They lived by hunting animals, birds and fish, and by gathering roots, nuts and wild fruits.他們靠打獵，捕鳥，打魚生活，靠采集蘆根，堅果以及野生水果生活。live by 以……為生, by后接動名詞表示方式或手段；live on 以……為主食; 以……為生，on后面接名詞表示主食或生活來源 e.g. Teachers live by teaching and farmers live by farming. 教師靠教書為生，農民靠種地為生。They live on a small income. 他們靠微薄的收入維持生活。
7. They became experienced at finding underground springs. 他們尋找地下泉水很有經驗。become experienced at / in (doing) sth. 逐漸積累經驗; be experienced at / in sth對有經驗（表示狀態）e.g. His uncle is experienced at / in repairing cars. 他叔叔修理汽車很有經驗。 He is quite experienced in this kind of work.. 他干這類工作相當有經驗。underground adj. 地下的；不公開的；adv.秘密地；n. 地下鐵道; e.g. underground movement 地下活動 This news has been passed on underground. 這個消息已經被秘密地傳開了。 She likes
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to travel by underground. 她喜歡乘地鐵。
8. As a result, the Kooris have been able to live for thousands of years in a desert land in which a foreigner would quickly starve or die from lack of water. 所以古利人能夠在一個外國人可能會很快餓死或者因為缺水而死去的沙漠土地上生存數千年之久。starve vt.（使）餓； （使）餓死；starve to death餓死; starve for / be starved of 渴望; 急需; e.g. They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他們在沙漠中迷路餓死了。The lonely boy is starving for friendship. 那個孤獨的男孩子渴望得到友誼。the lack of water缺水 The plants died for lack of water. 那些植物因缺水而死。
9. Just over 200 years ago Kooris made up 100% of the population, but today they only made up a little over 1% of the population. 就在兩百多年前，古利人占人口的100%，但今天他們只占人口的1% 稍多一些。 make up 組成；構成；占……； 編造； e.g. Workers and peasants make up the majority the population of our country. 工人農民占我國人口的大多數。Eleven players make up a football team. 十一名隊員組成一支足球隊。 He is good at making up an excuse. 他擅長于編造借口。This makes up 12% of their total income. 這是他們總收入的百分之十二。make up for 彌補；補償； e.g. Have a good sleep and it can make up for a tiring day. 好好睡一覺就可以補足勞累的一天。We have to drive fast to make up the hours we lost. 我們必須把車開快一些，把耽誤的時間補回來。
10. Kooris do not believe in owning possessions or land and they could not understand how settlers took land as their own..古利人不贊成私人擁有財產和土地，所以他們無法理解移民們是如何把土地據為己有的。 believe in 在這個句子中的意思是“主張”；“贊成”；“覺得好”后接動名詞。 e.g. I believe in keeping early hours.我主張早睡早起。He believed in Lesson 10 being taught on the translation method. 他覺得第十課用翻譯法教學比較好。
11. Education was intended for white settlers only. 教育只是為白人移民而設立的。 intend vt.打算；設計；intend for打算；設計; e.g. He intended to study abroad next year. 他打算明年去國外留學。 He intended his son to be a doctor. 他打算讓兒子當醫生。 This book is intended for the students of Senior Three. 這本書是專門為高三學生編寫的。 What he said was intended for someone else, not for you. 他的話是說給另外一個人聽的，不是針對你的。
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