V-ing 的用法導(dǎo)學(xué)案

一、V-ing的基本形式是有動(dòng)詞+ing構(gòu)成，具有名詞、形容詞、及副詞的性質(zhì)。否定形式為not doing。有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化

時(shí) 態(tài) 和 語(yǔ) 態(tài)

形式 主 動(dòng) 被 動(dòng)

一般式 doing being done

完成式 having done having been done

二、V-ing在句子中的作用

V-ing在句子中可以做_____________________________________。

（一）v-ing 形作主語(yǔ)

Eg: Reading makes a man perfect.

Writing an English composition is not easy

用it作形式主語(yǔ) , V-ing形式作真正的主語(yǔ) ，常用這些句型結(jié)構(gòu) ：

(二)、 v-ing形式作表語(yǔ)

1. V-ing 形式作表語(yǔ)，表示抽象的一般性的行為，這種V-ing形式功能相當(dāng)于名詞。

eg: My job is teaching English.

His hobby is collecting stamps.

2. V-ing形式作表語(yǔ)，意為“令人……的”。此時(shí)的V-ing形式的功能相當(dāng)于形容詞，說(shuō)明人或物所具有的特征。

His job is very interesting.

這類V-ing形式常見的有：

(三) v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)

1.作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

eg: We don’t allow _________(smoke)

I enjoy __________(listen) to English songs.

在英語(yǔ)中只接v-ing作賓語(yǔ)的常見動(dòng)詞有

2.、作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

常見的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)，后接-ing或名詞。

(四) v-ing形式作定語(yǔ)

1.單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作________，一般具有兩種含義

① 說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的______________。

a reading room =a room which is used for reading

a swimming pool=a pool which is used for swimming

② 表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),在意思上接近_______________________________________________________。

a developing country =a country that is developing

a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping

2. V-ing短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，放在被修飾的名詞之后， V-ing作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示_____________________________________________。

They lived in a house facing south.

The man standing by the window is our teacher.

（五）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

能跟v-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常見動(dòng)詞有感官動(dòng)詞五看（_____________________________________,兩聽（_____________）,

一感覺（______）; 使役動(dòng)詞三讓（_________________）。v-ing與其前面的賓語(yǔ)是________關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作_________。

I heard the girl _____________(sing) in the classroom at that time.

When I passed by his room, I saw her___________(play) the piano.

Don’t leave the water__________(run).

We kept the fire __________(burn)all night long.

I could feel the cold wind _________( blow) on my face

(六)作狀語(yǔ)

V-ing作作狀語(yǔ)，表______、_______、______、______、_______等。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的__________________________等從句。

動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與__________主語(yǔ)保持一致。

1.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

相當(dāng)于when, while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句; v-ing形式前可保留when, while

When the students heard the bell , the students began to enter the classroom.

_______________________________________________________________

When I see the picture , I can’t help thinking of the days in America.

__________________________________________________________________

2.作原因狀語(yǔ)

相當(dāng)于as, because, since等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)

Because she was ill, she didn’t attend the class.

________________________________________________________________

Because he didn’t know the way, he couldn’t go there.

________________________________________________

3.作條件狀語(yǔ)

相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句

If you work hard, you’ll surely succeed.

______________________________________________________

If you use your head, you will have a good idea.

_____________________________________________________

4.作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句

The child slipped and fell ,hitting his head against the door.

_____________________________________________________________________

Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family worse off.

____________________________________________________________________

He was caught in the rain, making himself catch a bad cold.

_________________________________________________________

5.作行為方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)and于引導(dǎo)的并列句

Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.

__________________________________________________________________

She sat at the desk, reading a newspaper

____________________________________________________________________

6. 作讓步狀語(yǔ)

相當(dāng)于though, even though/if 等引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)

Though he is young , he knows a lot about computer.

____________________________________________________________

Even if he worked hard, he did’t pass the exam.

__________________________________________________

Practice

一、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境按照單詞的正確形式填空

1.The stranger said something in a _______ voice and the little girl was very much________. （frighten）

2.Not________(complete) the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks

3. “We can’t go out in this weather”, said Bob, ______ (look)out of the window.

4. Though _____(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.

5. Generally speaking, ______(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

6.As is known to us all, traveling is __(interest) , but we often feel ____(tire) when we are back from travels.

7.John’s bad habit is ______ (read)without thorough understanding.

8.People________(live) in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.

9.Sitting by her side, I could feel her heart_________(beat).

10.Tell Mary that there’s someone ________(wait)for her at the door.

11.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _________(repair) my car.

12. The classroom wants _________(clean).

13. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __________(wait) for us.

14. We should often practise __________(speak) English with each other.

15. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂貴), it is worth _________(buy).

17. He devoted his life to __________(study) the atomic theory.

18. The parents suggested __________(sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.

19. It is no good ___________(smoke).

20.He has been used to __________(live) in America.

二、單句改錯(cuò)題

1. The heavy rain kept us waited for two days.

2. As you know, seeing is to believe.

3. Take exercises does good to your health.

4.I want to buy a washed machine for my mother.

5. His job is teach.

6. Mary doesn’t feel like to study abroad. her parents are old.

7. She looks forward to visit the garden.

8. His room needs painting, so he must have it painting.

9. The man worked for extra hours got extra an extra pay.

10. seen from the top of the hill, we find the city beautiful.

11. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.

12. I haven’t finished read the novel

三、語(yǔ)法填空

Let children learn 1._________ (judge) their own work. A child 2._______(learn) to talk does not learn by 3.____________(correct) all the time; if 4.______(correct) to much, he will stop 5._______(talk). He notices a thousand times a day the

difference between his language and others’ language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes 6._____________(make) his language like other people’s. In the same way,

children learn 7._______(do) all the other things. They learn 8._________(talk), run, climb, ride a bicycle by 9.___________(compare) their own behaviors with those of more 10._________(skill) people, and slowly make the 11.________(need) changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance 12.___________(find) out his

mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him 13. ___________(correct)

himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would fail 14. ________(notice) a mistake if they did not point it out to him. They act as if the student would

never correct it unless he 15. __________(make) to. Soon he becomes dependent on

the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other

children if he 16. ________(want) it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem.