詞匯導(dǎo)練
1．Kids get____________(難為情)if their mums kiss them in front of their friends.
2．There were no signs that the fire had been set____________(故意地)．
3．She____________(發(fā)誓)that she hadn’t told anyone，but her friends still didn’t forgive her.
4．He’s still____________(猶豫)about joining the expedition.
5．His recent behavior____________(使困惑)me.
6．Don’t be so m____________to your brother.Give him some chocolates.
7．Harry awkwardly a____________to the lady for stepping on her left foot.
8．I told him it was a bad idea，but Dave’s so s____________that he just never listens.
9．My tooth hurts badly，and I want to see my d____________.
10．He was so a____________in thought that he didn’t hear what you said.
11．You are 18 years old and you should pay attention to your____________(behave)．
12．He’s always____________(anxiety)about his mother’s health.
1.embarrassed 2.deliberately 3.swore 4.hesitating 5.puzzled 6.mean 7.apologized 8.stubborn 9.dentist 10.absorbed 11.behavior 12.anxious
短語(yǔ)匯集
1．________________ 與某人友好相處
2．________________ 對(duì)……感到慚愧
3．________________ 因?yàn)槟呈孪蚰橙说狼?/p>
4．________________ 一次難以忘懷的經(jīng)歷
5．________________ 當(dāng)眾使某人尷尬
6．________________ 參加學(xué)校羽毛球隊(duì)
7．________________ 對(duì)某人在某方面嚴(yán)格
8．________________ 等不及去做某事
9．________________ 對(duì)……有不同的態(tài)度
10．________________ 遭受?chē)?yán)重的污染
11．________________ 導(dǎo)致，造成
12．________________ 由于某種原因
13．________________ 破壞友誼
14．________________ 與……一致
1.get along well with sb. 2.be/feel ashamed of... 3.apologize to sb.for(doing)sth./make an apology to sb.for(doing)sth. 4.an unforgettable experience 5.embarrass sb.in public 6.join the school badminton team 7.be strict with sb.in sth. 8.can’t wait to do sth.9.have/take different attitudes towards... 10.suffer from serious pollution 11.lead to/result in/contribute to12.for one reason or another/for some reason 13.ruin the friendship 14.be consistent with...
語(yǔ)句試譯
1．(回歸課本P2)________they must have laughed behind my back！他們?cè)谖冶澈笙氡厥切Φ煤喜粩n嘴了！
2．(回歸課本P2)I ________ ________ ________very proud of myself after the test，________loudly how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good mark.
考試之后，我的口氣聽(tīng)上去想必很是自鳴得意，因?yàn)槲胰氯轮f(shuō)那份試卷有多么容易，還說(shuō)我肯定能夠取得好的分?jǐn)?shù)。
3．(回歸課本P2)I was so upset________I felt like________.
我太難過(guò)了，甚至直想哭出來(lái)。
4．(回歸課本P3)Football is very important to me，but________ ________our friendship.
足球?qū)ξ液苤匾覀兊挠颜x同樣重要。
1.How 2.must have sounded；saying 3.that；crying 4.so is
核心知識(shí)
1.admit v． 承認(rèn)，贊同；接納
(回歸課本P2)We went to wash our hands in the girls’ toilets before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done.
午飯前我們?nèi)ヅ词珠g洗手，我承認(rèn)了自己的考試成績(jī)是那么糟糕。
歸納拓展
admit (to) sth.承認(rèn)某事
admit doing sth.承認(rèn)做了某事
admit (that) 承認(rèn)……
admit...to be 承認(rèn)……為……
admit...to/into...允許……進(jìn)入……
be admitted to 被接納入……
admit of sth.容許，有……可能
admission n.允許進(jìn)入，供認(rèn)
[溫馨提示]
(1)admit后接名詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式，但不能直接接動(dòng)詞不定式。
(2)admit的過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞要雙寫(xiě)字母t，即admitted，admitted和admitting。
例句探源
①Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.
只有比賽項(xiàng)目達(dá)標(biāo)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員才有資格成為參賽者。
②Our hall admits 3,000 persons.
我們的禮堂可以容納三千人。
③The matter admits of no delay.
這件事不容拖延。
④(朗文P27)Dana admitted feeling hurt by what I said.
達(dá)納承認(rèn)我說(shuō)的話(huà)傷害了他。
⑤(牛津P26)It was generally admitted that the government had acted too quickly.
普遍認(rèn)為，政府行動(dòng)過(guò)急。
1．完成句子
(1)那個(gè)學(xué)生承認(rèn)打破了窗戶(hù)。
(2)幸運(yùn)的是，今年他被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取了。
Luckily，he______ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________this year.
答案：was admitted to/into a key university
(3)這家電影院可容納大約3000名觀眾。
The cinema________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：admits about 3,000 audience
2．(2009年高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)If you leave the club，you will not be ________ back in.
A．received B．a(chǎn)dmitted
C．turned D．moved
解析：選B。句意：如果你離開(kāi)俱樂(lè)部，你將不會(huì)被允許返回。admit準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)(加)入。
2.forgive vt. 原諒，寬恕，饒恕
(回歸課本P2)I don’t think I can ever forgive her.
我覺(jué)得我無(wú)法原諒她。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P809)If anything happened to the kids，I’d never forgive myself.
如果孩子們出了什么事，我永遠(yuǎn)也不能原諒自己。
②I made the mistake of saying what I thought，and he won’t forgive me for it.
我不該說(shuō)出我的想法，為此他不會(huì)寬恕我的。
③(牛津P799)She’d forgive him anything.
她會(huì)原諒他的任何事。
易混辨析
forgive，excuse，pardon
(1)forgive與pardon有時(shí)可通用，但forgive除了表示免予懲罰和追究之外，往往還含有進(jìn)一步的“不記舊賬，從心里寬恕”等意思。還可用于forgive sb./sth.或forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原諒、寬恕某人做某事。
(2)excuse原諒，語(yǔ)氣較輕，賓語(yǔ)一般是過(guò)錯(cuò)、疏忽或犯過(guò)失的人，常用于口語(yǔ)中。除excuse sb.for(doing)sth.外，還可用于excuse oneself for(doing)sth.為自己(干)……辯解。
(3)pardon原意為“赦免”，在普通用法中也有“免予懲罰或追究”之意。只用于pardon sb.for(doing)sth.饒恕某人(干)某事。
①Children begin with loving their parents；as they grow older they judge them；sometimes they forgive them.
②After the revolution all political prisoners were pardoned.
③There are some acts of injustice which no national interest can excuse.
3．完成句子
(1)I think you should ________(原諒) him his rudeness and ________(道歉)to him first.After all，he is your brother.
答案：forgive；apologize
(2)如果你道歉，老師也許會(huì)原諒你的疏忽。
If you apologize，the teacher may ________________________.
答案：forgive your negligence
(3)我無(wú)法原諒自己，因?yàn)樵谖医憬阌欣щy時(shí)我沒(méi)能幫助她。
I couldn’t forgive myself________ ________ ________ ______ ________help my sister when she was in trouble.
答案：for not being able to
3 .focus v．& n． 集中注意力；聚焦
n． 焦點(diǎn)，關(guān)注點(diǎn)
(回歸課本P3)The other team was brilliant and we really had to focus.對(duì)手非常優(yōu)秀，我們必須集中精力。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer.
我們將繼續(xù)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注顧客的需要。
②(朗文P794)The gallery’s show focuses on works painted after 1945.
那家美術(shù)館的展覽把注意力集中于1945年以后創(chuàng)作的繪畫(huà)作品上。
③(牛津P786)The visit helped to focus world attention on the plight of the refugees.
這次訪(fǎng)問(wèn)促使全世界關(guān)注難民困境．
4.Most of us know we should cut down on fat，but knowing such things isn’t much help when it ________ shopping and eating.
A．refers to B．speaks of
C．focuses on D．comes to
解析：選D。when it comes to意為“說(shuō)到，一提起”。其他選項(xiàng)的主語(yǔ)都是人，而不是it。refer to意為“涉及，指的是，參考，適用于”；speak of意為“說(shuō)到，論及”；focus on意為“集中在”。
5. (2011年山東濟(jì)南模擬) All her energies are ________upon children and she seems to have little time for anything else.
A．guided B．a(chǎn)imed
C．directed D．focused
解析：選D。guide“指導(dǎo)，指引”；aim“針對(duì)；目標(biāo)”；direct“指引，給某人指路”；focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on/upon...“集中注意力/視線(xiàn)/精力于……”。句意：她所有的精力都集中在孩子身上，她似乎很少有時(shí)間關(guān)注其他任何事情。
6．While skating，you should________your attention________ the way you move.
A．focus；on B．focus；in
C．pay；on D．pay；in
解析：選A�？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)focus one’s attention on sth.，若用pay，則是pay one’s attention to sth.。
7．The students listened carefully to the teacher with their eyes________on the blackboard.
A．to focus B．focusing
C．being focused D．focused
解析：選D。此處用了with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，focus與eyes之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。
4.stand vt. 容忍，忍受；經(jīng)受，遭受
(回歸課本P3)I fell really guilty because I said some really cruel things too，but I can’t stand seeing our team lose.
我現(xiàn)在感到很內(nèi)疚，因?yàn)槲乙舱f(shuō)了一些很無(wú)情的話(huà)，可我就是無(wú)法容忍我們隊(duì)輸球。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①Our tent won’t stand another storm like the last one.
我們的帳篷經(jīng)受不起像上次那樣的風(fēng)暴了。
②(朗文P2002)How can you stand letting her talk to you like that.你怎能容忍她那樣給你講話(huà)。
③(牛津P1962)She couldn’t stand being kept waiting.
叫她等著，她會(huì)受不了。
8．用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：
(1)I can’t stand________(work)with Jane in the same office.
答案：working
(2)I can’t________(stand)it when you do that.
答案：stand
9．Modern plastics can________very high and very low temperature.
A．stand B．hold
C．carry D．support
解析：選A。句意“現(xiàn)在的塑料可以耐高溫和低溫”，stand經(jīng)受，忍受。
5.blame vt. 責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；把……歸咎于
n． 過(guò)失；責(zé)備
(回歸課本P5)If she is a good friend，you should apologize for blaming her.
如果她是你的好朋友，你就應(yīng)該為責(zé)備她向她道歉。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①He blames you for neglecting of duty.
他指責(zé)你玩忽職守。
②(牛津P192)Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故原因歸咎于危險(xiǎn)駕駛。
③(朗文P185)Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire.
官員們認(rèn)為不只一人應(yīng)該為這次火災(zāi)承擔(dān)責(zé)任。
易混辨析
blame，scold
blame意思是“責(zé)備，責(zé)怪”，語(yǔ)氣較輕；而且blame的意思是“將過(guò)失歸咎于某人”。
scold意思是“責(zé)罵，訓(xùn)斥”，指大聲呵斥、責(zé)備，常用于長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩、上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)的關(guān)系。
①She doesn’t blame anyone for her father’s death.
②He scolded them for arriving late.
10. (2011年上海高三一次聯(lián)考) ________for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.
A．Blaming B．Blamed
C．To blame D．To be blamed
解析：選B。選擇非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，首先要看它與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系。Alice與blame之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。to be blamed位于句首作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的，而本空為原因狀語(yǔ)，因此排除D。
11.Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one ________.
A．blamed B．blaming
C．to blame D．to be blamed
解析：選C。句意：格林先生站了出來(lái)保護(hù)那個(gè)16歲的男孩，他說(shuō)這個(gè)男孩不該對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)。to blame在此句作the one的定語(yǔ)。to blame為固定用法，只能用主動(dòng)形式，能這樣用的短語(yǔ)還有to let(出租)等。
12．I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child.
A．is to blame B．is going to blame
C．is to be blamed D．should blame
解析：選A�？疾閎lame的用法。be to blame for“應(yīng)受責(zé)備，該對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)”，這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)your husband。
6.delay n．&.vt.& vi. 耽擱；延遲，推遲
(回歸課本P5)Do not delay.不要拖延。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any delay when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April，2009.
世界衛(wèi)生組織，在2009年4月H1N1病毒一在墨西哥發(fā)現(xiàn)就毫不耽擱地向公眾發(fā)出了警告。
②(朗文P532)There was some delay in asking for help.
尋求幫助有些晚了。
③(牛津P527)He delayed telling her the news，waiting for the right moment.
他沒(méi)有馬上把消息告訴她,等有了適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)再說(shuō)。
13．完成句子
(1)延誤送出請(qǐng)?zhí)悄阕约旱腻e(cuò)。
It is your own fault to delay________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：sending out these invitations
(2)火車(chē)被延誤了五個(gè)小時(shí)。
The train________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：was delayed five hours
(3)如果這個(gè)人沒(méi)被立刻送到醫(yī)院，他可能就救不過(guò)來(lái)了。
The man couldn’t have been saved，if he hadn’t been sent to hospital________ ________.
答案：without delay
7.persuade vt. 說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)
(回歸課本P9)I’m so glad I persuaded you to talk to Rachel.
我很開(kāi)心終于說(shuō)服了你跟雷切爾談話(huà)。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他說(shuō)服了一些人跟他一起返回格陵蘭島。
②(朗文P1525)McFadden must now persuade the jury of her innocence.麥克法登現(xiàn)在必須讓陪審團(tuán)相信她是無(wú)辜的。
③(牛津P1482)I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition.我擱不住人家的勸說(shuō)，就參加了比賽。
易混辨析
persuade，advise
(1)persuade sb.to do sth.意為“說(shuō)服某人干某事”，其結(jié)果是成功的。try to persuade sb.to do sth.意為“盡力說(shuō)服某人干某事”，與advise sb.to do sth.同義。
(2)advise sb.to do sth.意為“勸說(shuō)某人干某事”，其結(jié)果可能是勞而無(wú)功(即“說(shuō)”而未“服”)。
①Tom persuaded his father to take more exercises at last.
②She advised her parents to give up their plan，but they wouldn’t listen.
14．一句多譯
他說(shuō)服她參加/不參加這次聚會(huì)。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：He persuaded her to/not to go to the party.
He persuaded her into/out of going to the party.
15.It’s no use trying to________him to change his mind；he is pigheaded.
A．make B．suggest
C．discourage D．persuade
解析：選D�？疾閯�(dòng)詞辨析和詞語(yǔ)用法。根據(jù)后半句中的內(nèi)容可知想“說(shuō)服”他改變注意沒(méi)有用，因?yàn)樗虉?zhí)。假如選擇A項(xiàng)，題干中的第二個(gè)to要去掉；如果選擇B項(xiàng)則搭配不當(dāng)；C項(xiàng)表示“使灰心”，語(yǔ)意不符合。
8.respond vi. 回答，答復(fù)；響應(yīng)，反應(yīng)
(回歸課本P18)When asked they usually hesitate before responding，...
當(dāng)被問(wèn)起時(shí)，他們回答之前通常猶猶豫豫，……
歸納拓展
例句探源
①He responded to my question.
他回答了我的問(wèn)題。
②(朗文P1743)How did they respond to your criticism?
他們對(duì)你的批評(píng)作何反應(yīng)？
③(牛津P1699)The product was developed in response to customer demand.
這種產(chǎn)品是為了滿(mǎn)足顧客的需要而開(kāi)發(fā)的。
16．完成句子
(1)你還沒(méi)有答復(fù)我們的請(qǐng)求。
(2)政府為對(duì)付經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力而采取了行動(dòng)。
The government acted________ ________ ________economic pressure.
答案：in response to
9.get along 相處；進(jìn)展
(回歸課本P1)What do you think the proverbs tell us about friendship and getting along with others?
你覺(jué)得這些諺語(yǔ)在友誼和與他人交往方面給我們一些什么樣的啟示呢？
歸納拓展
get through(to sb.)(用電話(huà))接通，打通，聯(lián)系上；到達(dá)(某人處)
get through to sb.使某人理解，使某人接受(所講的話(huà))
get through(sth.)順利通過(guò)(考試等)；用完，耗盡；處理，完成，做完
get over解決，克服，控制；從(疾病、震驚等)中恢復(fù)常態(tài)
get sth.over to sb.向某人講清某事；讓某人明白某事
get about走動(dòng)，到處跑；消息傳來(lái)
get back回來(lái)；恢復(fù)；取回
get into進(jìn)入；陷入；被錄取
get off從……下來(lái)
get rid of擺脫，除掉
get out of出去，離開(kāi)
get up起床；站起來(lái)
get round/around傳開(kāi)；繞開(kāi)困難；傳播
get into the habit of...染上……習(xí)慣
get together聚會(huì)；碰頭
get down to sth.開(kāi)始做某事；開(kāi)始認(rèn)真注意(或?qū)Υ?某事
例句探源
①I(mǎi)’m getting along well with a boy in my class.
我跟班上的一位男同學(xué)一直相處得很好。
②Hi，Bob，how are you getting along with your spoken report?
嗨，鮑勃，你的口頭報(bào)告準(zhǔn)備得怎么樣了？
③I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t get through.
我試著往她辦公室打電話(huà)但就是打不通。
④I’d love to.But I’m just getting over the flu.
我很樂(lè)意去，但我的流感還在恢復(fù)中。
⑤Public transport provides a cheap way to get around in Beijing.
公共交通為人們游覽北京提供了低價(jià)位的出行方式。
⑥(朗文P866)We’re expecting more business as word gets around.
隨著消息傳開(kāi)，我們預(yù)期會(huì)有更多的業(yè)務(wù)。
⑦Isn’t it time you got down to marking the papers?
不是到了你開(kāi)始批改試卷的時(shí)間了嗎？
17．(2010年高考福建卷)We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do.Let’s________it.
A．keep up with B．do away with
C．get down to D．look forward to
解析：選C。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的意義辨析。句意：我們剛搬到一所更大的大房子里，有很多事情要做，我們開(kāi)始干吧。get down to開(kāi)始做……符合題意。keep up with跟上，趕得上；do away with廢除；look forward to期待，盼望。
18．(2010年高考浙江卷)After that，he knew he could________any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.
A．get away with B．get on with
C．get through D．get across
解析：選C。句意：在此之后，他知道他只要盡全力就能成功應(yīng)對(duì)一切緊急事件。get through“度過(guò)(艱難等)”，符合語(yǔ)意。get away with“從輕發(fā)落”；get on with“與……和睦相處”；get across“被傳達(dá)，被理解”。
19.(2011年山東省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三二模)-He thought he would be able to________cheating in the exam!
-What a fool！He deserves the punishment.
A．take the place of B．look forward to
C．bring about D．get away with
解析：選D。句意：--他還以為他考試作弊會(huì)免受懲罰呢！--真愚蠢！他應(yīng)受懲罰。take the place of，“代替”；look forward to，“盼望”；bring about，“導(dǎo)致，造成”；get away with，“做壞事而免受懲罰”。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。
20.I don’t think that your lecture________the audience，for they appeared quite puzzled.
A．got across to B．got close to
C．got away with D．got along with
解析：選A。句意：我認(rèn)為觀眾不會(huì)理解你的演講，因?yàn)樗麄兛瓷先ビ行┟曰蟛唤�。get across to，“使……被理解；傳達(dá)”；get close to，“靠近，臨近”；get away with，“做壞事而免受懲罰”；get along with，“與……相處”。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。
10.in trouble 有麻煩，處于困難中
(回歸課本P3)A friendship in trouble.
處于困境中的友誼。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?
身處困境時(shí)，你會(huì)很容易灰心喪氣嗎？
②He took the trouble to gather the materials for us.
他不辭辛苦地為我們收集材料。
③(朗文P2209)I just told him the truth-I didn’t mean to get you into trouble.
我只是把實(shí)情給他講了--我不是故意要給你惹麻煩的。
21．完成句子
(1)沒(méi)有一件事要比幫助陷入困境的人帶給他更大的快樂(lè)。
Nothing gives him more pleasure than helping someone
________ ________.
答案：in trouble
(2)你不必麻煩去做那些復(fù)雜的實(shí)驗(yàn)。
You needn’t________ ________ ________ ________
________those complicated experiments.
答案：take the trouble to do
(3)孩子們?cè)谏钛┲行凶哂悬c(diǎn)困難。
The children________ ________ ________in the deep snow.
答案：had trouble walking
11.keep one’s word 信守諾言
(回歸課本P2)I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah and told her we weren’t going to be friends any more because she couldn’t keep her word.
我非常生氣，于是徑直走到漢娜跟前告訴她我們將不再是朋友因?yàn)樗皇刂Z言。
歸納拓展
break one’s word食言，失信，不守諾言
word by word一字不差地，逐字地
eat one’s words收回前言，道歉認(rèn)錯(cuò)；食言
have a word with sb.與某人談話(huà)
have words with sb.與某人發(fā)生口角
get in a word插話(huà)
in other words＝that is(to say)換句話(huà)說(shuō)，也就是說(shuō)in a/one word＝in short/to be short簡(jiǎn)言之；總之word came that...有消息傳來(lái)說(shuō)
【注意】 word“諾言，保證”，多用作單數(shù)，其前往往有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格修飾；word“消息，信息”，用作不可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。
例句探源
①Busy as he was，he kept his word.
雖然很忙，他還是信守了諾言。
②In a word，good listening can really enable us to get closer to each other.
總之，認(rèn)真傾聽(tīng)確實(shí)能使我們拉近彼此的距離。
③In other words，there are not many people in the world like me.
換句話(huà)說(shuō)，世界上像我這樣的人并不多見(jiàn)。
④He told me all you said，word for word.
他把你的話(huà)逐字逐句地告訴了我。
⑤I was very angry and had words with him over money.
我很生氣，和他就錢(qián)的事吵了起來(lái)。
⑥Where is Peter？I want to have a word with him.
彼得在哪里？我想跟他說(shuō)句話(huà)。
22．完成句子
(1)小心點(diǎn)，杰克經(jīng)常不履行他的諾言。
Be careful.Jack often________ ________ ________.
答案：breaks his word
(2)你可以相信我，我會(huì)信守諾言的。
You can trust me to________ ________ ________.
答案：keep my word
(3)你去開(kāi)會(huì)之前，我們能說(shuō)句話(huà)嗎？
Could we________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________before you go to the meeting?
答案：have a word with each other
(4)總而言之，我不信任他。
________ ________/________ ________，I don’t trust him.
答案：In a/one word
(5)家里傳來(lái)消息要我回去。
________ ________ ________I was wanted at home.
答案：Word came that
23.Mr.Jackson often depends on others.______，he doesn’t do things by himself.
A．In a word B．In one word
C．In other words D．In no word
解析：選C。句意：杰克遜先生經(jīng)常依靠別人，換句話(huà)說(shuō)，他不自己做事情。in other words“換句話(huà)說(shuō)”；in a/one word“總之，一句話(huà)”。
12.discourage sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
(回歸課本P11)Mum discourages me from chatting online.
媽媽不讓我上網(wǎng)聊天。
歸納拓展
同義短語(yǔ)還有以下幾種表達(dá)方式：
prevent sb. from doing sth.
stop sb. from doing sth.
ban sb. from doing sth.
keep sb. from doing sth.
prohibit sb. from doing sth.
例句探源
①(朗文P574)Schools discourage youngsters from being involved in gangs.學(xué)校勸阻青少年不要加入幫派。
②(劍橋P2215)They’ve put barriers up to stop people (from)getting through.他們筑起了街壘，阻止人們通行。
③Motor vehicles are prohibited from driving in the town centre.
機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛禁止在市中心行駛。
24．完成句子
(1)艱難的形勢(shì)并沒(méi)有阻擋她追求她的夢(mèng)想。
The severe situation did not________ ________ ________ ________her dream.
答案：discourage her from following
(2)你不能阻止我吃我想吃的東西。
You can’t________ ________ ________ ________whatever I want.
答案：prevent me from eating
(3)她已經(jīng)被禁止開(kāi)車(chē)達(dá)六個(gè)月之久。
She________ ________ ________ ________ ________for six months.
答案：has been banned from driving
25. (2011年華師附中檢測(cè)題) His parents made every effort to________him from going abroad，for they thought it unnecessary.
A．encourage B．discourage
C．enforce D．disagree
解析：選B。句意：“他父母盡力阻止他出國(guó)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為沒(méi)必要”，discourage sb.from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。
句型解析
1【教材原句】 I was so upset that I felt like crying.(P2)
我當(dāng)時(shí)覺(jué)得太難過(guò)了，甚至都想哭出來(lái)了。
【句法分析】 so...that...如此……以至于……
①He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him.
他跑得那么快，我沒(méi)趕上他。
②I was so busy here (that) I had no time to write a letter.
我在這里很忙，沒(méi)時(shí)間寫(xiě)信。
歸納拓展
(1)so...that...“如此……以至于……”，可引導(dǎo)表示結(jié)果的狀語(yǔ)從句。
(2)so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常和can，may，should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，而且主句和從句之間不使用逗號(hào)，意為“以便，為了，使能夠”。
(3)so that句型也可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“因此，結(jié)果”，這時(shí)其從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。這種結(jié)構(gòu)和so...that...引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果在含義上有很大的區(qū)別。so that句型所表示的結(jié)果往往同主句有因果關(guān)系，而so...that...句型所表示的結(jié)果往往表明so后面形容詞或副詞的程度。
①The workers did so well that he was pleased with them.
工人們干得很好，他對(duì)他們很滿(mǎn)意。
②They got up early so that they could catch the early bus.
為了能趕上早班車(chē)，他們?cè)缭缇推鸫擦恕?/p>
26．完成句子
(1)他沒(méi)有把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒(méi)有按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
He didn’t plan his time well，________ ________he didn’t finish his work on time.
答案：so that
(2)天氣熱得我不能入睡。
It’s so hot________I can’t sleep.
答案：that
27.(2010年海淀質(zhì)檢)Keep ourselves and our hearts open________we can experience the great joy that friendship can bring.
A．so that B．even if
C．a(chǎn)s if D．ever since
解析：選A。句意：敞開(kāi)心扉，我們就能體驗(yàn)到友誼給我們帶來(lái)的快樂(lè)。so that在此處表結(jié)果，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
2【教材原句】 Football is very important to me，but so is our friendship.(P3)
足球?qū)ξ液苤匾�，但我們的友誼也同樣重要。
【句法分析】 so＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)，此句型用法只限于肯定句中，表示“某人或某物情況也是這樣”。so意為“也”。
①He was very excited，so was everyone present at the party.
他非常興奮，出席晚會(huì)的每個(gè)人都很興奮。
②If she goes there，so shall I.
如果她去那兒，我也去。
(1)neither/nor＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)，表示前面的否定情況也適用于后者。
(2)It is the same with＋名詞/代詞賓格或So it is with＋名詞/代詞賓格，表示前者的混合情況(句中既有肯定又有否定或兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)無(wú)統(tǒng)一的助動(dòng)詞)適用于后者。意為“也”。
(3)so＋主語(yǔ)＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，表示對(duì)前面或?qū)Ψ剿f(shuō)情況的贊同或證實(shí)，主語(yǔ)指的是同一個(gè)人或物，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，意為“的確如此”。
28．完成句子
(1)--我從未去過(guò)南京。
-I have never been to Nanjing.
--湯姆也沒(méi)去過(guò)。
-________/________ ________Tom.
答案：Neither/Nor has
(2)瑪麗喜歡彈鋼琴，但是她彈不好。
-Mary likes playing the piano，but she can’t play it well.
她的哥哥也是這樣。
-So________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
＝________ ________ the same ________ ________ ________.
答案：it is with her brother；It is，with her brother
(3)瑪麗最終考試及格了。
-Mary has finally passed the exam.
的確如此。
-________ ________ ________.
答案：So she has
29．-My cousin is very clever but he doesn’t work hard at his lessons.
-________.
A．So is my little brother
B．Neither does my little brother
C．So it is with my little brother
D．Neither is my little brother
解析：選C。當(dāng)表示一個(gè)人的多種情況與另一個(gè)人一樣時(shí)，需用so it is/was with sb.或it is/was the same with sb.。
作文指導(dǎo)
記敘文(例：記人)
【體裁導(dǎo)航】
在高考寫(xiě)作中，要求直接對(duì)人物描述的文章不是很多，但寫(xiě)人的記敘文卻是同學(xué)們必須掌握的。《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》對(duì)記敘文的寫(xiě)作作了明確要求，所以，記敘文的寫(xiě)作，應(yīng)引起同學(xué)們的重視。
記敘文的寫(xiě)作，一般應(yīng)考慮六個(gè)要素：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件的起因、經(jīng)過(guò)和結(jié)果。遇到以圖表的形式提供的材料時(shí)，注意要點(diǎn)應(yīng)齊全。
寫(xiě)記敘文時(shí)，由于多是敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以，敘述中常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，當(dāng)然有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或其他時(shí)態(tài)，尤其是在直接引語(yǔ)里。
寫(xiě)人、記事、描述地點(diǎn)或刻畫(huà)場(chǎng)景，最常用的文體可能就是記敘文了。因而，平時(shí)遇到一些好句子，就應(yīng)當(dāng)多記。例如：
Joan is a pretty gentle lady in her early twenties.
My sister is a boyish girl.She has short and straight hair like a boy’s.
He is a handsome young man with bright eyes and broad shoulders.
以上例句都是用于描述人的好句子，應(yīng)首先學(xué)會(huì)靈活套用。長(zhǎng)此以往，潛移默化，同學(xué)們的表達(dá)自會(huì)在不知不覺(jué)中達(dá)到“即便信手拈來(lái)，卻也恰到好處”的境界。
寫(xiě)人的記敘文當(dāng)然離不開(kāi)記事，但兩者的側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。記人者，以人為主導(dǎo)，所寫(xiě)的事都是為襯托人物服務(wù)的，所以，記述時(shí)，外貌的描寫(xiě)、性格的刻畫(huà)等等，都要服務(wù)于人物，不可喧賓奪主、本末倒置。
【寫(xiě)作示例】
請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面所提供的資料，寫(xiě)一篇介紹潘瑋柏(Will Pan)的英語(yǔ)短文。
潘瑋柏，當(dāng)今著名歌手，英俊瀟灑，身高1.74米，1980年8月6日在上海出生。會(huì)漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)兩種語(yǔ)言。他喜歡籃球，最喜歡的音樂(lè)是Hip Hop、R&B和華語(yǔ)流行音樂(lè)(Chinese Pop Music)。他為人隨和、活潑好動(dòng)、笑容燦爛。他的愿望就是能夠成為“super idol”(超級(jí)偶像)。
注意：1.可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)以使行文連貫；
2．詞數(shù)：120左右。
【寫(xiě)作要領(lǐng)】
一．審題要點(diǎn)
1．體裁：記敘文；
2．時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；
3．人稱(chēng)：第三人稱(chēng)。
二．內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)
1．潘瑋柏的概況描述；
2．他的業(yè)余愛(ài)好及性情；
3．他的愿望。
【金點(diǎn)模板】
一、開(kāi)頭
參考句式：
1．Will Pan, who was born on...，is a．..
2．Will Pan, one of the...，was born...
3．Born on...，Will Pan is a．..
4．Will Pan was born...and he is one of the...
二、主體
參考句式：
1．He can speak...as well as...
2．He can not only...but also...
3．He likes...most and dislikes...
4．He is fond of...and...
5．Everyone likes him very much.
6．He is very popular among young men.
為使各項(xiàng)內(nèi)容銜接自然，可以適當(dāng)添加過(guò)渡詞。如：
as well as；not only...but also... ；though；although... ；however；but...
三、結(jié)尾
參考句式：
1．Wish he will succeed!
2．Wish his dream come true!
3．Good luck to him!
4．Wish him a fantastic future!
【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】
Will Pan
①Will Pan, one of the most famous pop stars now in China, was born on August 6, 1980 in Shanghai.He is about 1.74 meters tall and is a handsome young man.
②Will Pan can speak English as well as Chinese.His most favorite songs are Hip Hop, R & B, and the Chinese Pop Music and he himself sings many good songs of this kind.During his free time, he is fond of taking part in sports, and his favorite sport is basketball.
③Though he is famous, he is easy to get along with.He is lovely and actively.④He always wears a big smile on his face, so more and more young men and women become his fans.
Pan has many wishes.⑤ To become a super idol becomes the biggest one of them.
⑥Wish his dream come true!
點(diǎn)評(píng)：
①one of the most...作Will Pan的同位語(yǔ)使句子靈活。
②as well as用得好，也可用not only...but also...。
③轉(zhuǎn)折詞使用得當(dāng)。
④wear a big smile表示帶著微笑，使句子增色很多。
⑤用動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)避免了文章句式的單調(diào)。
⑥加上祝愿語(yǔ)使得文章活潑生動(dòng)。
【類(lèi)題嘗試】
請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文，介紹一下該人物，要求根據(jù)所給信息作適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，且須包括以下三部分內(nèi)容：
1．對(duì)該人物的簡(jiǎn)單介紹；
2．喜歡該人物的理由；
3．從該人物身上得到的啟示。
㏒琰茞 Thomas Edison
inventor；
creative；diligent；
full of wisdom
“Genius is one percent
inspiration and ninetynine
percent perspiration.”
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One possible version：
Thomas Edison
Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.In fact, he was a man full of imagination.
I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.He had more than 1,000 inventions.In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”．He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions.
What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.” Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking learner.From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.