Grammar:
The Nonfinite Verbs and the Verbs in the Rational Cloze學案
2008年9月24日
Daily famous saying：Seeing is believing.=To see is to believe.
Step1. Presentation:
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
Step2: 非謂語動詞：
1. 定義: 在句子中充當除謂語動詞以外的各種句子成分的動詞形式叫做非謂語動詞。
2. 種類: 非謂語動詞有四種：
動名詞（動詞的-ing形式－－doing）
不定式（to＋動詞原形－－to do）
現(xiàn)在分詞（動詞的-ing形式－－doing）
過去分詞（動詞的-ed形式－－done）
3. 非謂語動詞在句子中可充當各種句子成分:
a. 非謂語動詞在句中做定語時:
to do 表示目的, 將來
doing 表示主動, 動作正在進行
done 表示被動, 完成
e.g.
1. I borrowed some books _________ (read) during my holiday.
2. ---an online journal _________ (publish) by the Public Library of Science.
3. The pen________ (lie) on the table belongs to me.
4. There is a __________ (swim) pool in our school.
b. Competition: （To check the knowledge of the Nonfinite Verbs）
Group1
1. ________ (say) is easier than to do.
2. ________ (lose) money made me angry.
3. When _______ (start) is unimportant.
4. ---- What made him angry?
---- ________.
A.Because he lost money. B. Because he had lost money. C. Losing money. D. Lost money.
Group2
1. My job is ________ (teach).
2. Your dream is _______(go) to college.
3. This is an ________ (excite) film.
4. We are very _________ (excite).
作表語: 不定式( 動作)
動名詞( 動作)
分詞主語(人) 或修飾人: 主語(物) 或修飾物:
Group3
1. I saw him __________ (leave).
2. He was seen _________ (cry).
3. I saw him _________ (interest) in it.
4. She raised her voice to make herself ___________ (understand.)
﹡see sb. + --- / --- / --- / ---
非謂語動詞解題三步曲：
看似紛繁復雜的各種非謂語動詞考題實際上是有解題規(guī)律可尋的,
1. 基本上確定成分,
2. 確定主被動關(guān)系,
3. 確定動作所發(fā)生的時間
1. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
2. When first ___________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
3.“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _______(run) away.
4. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases (_______(know) only to people with specific knowledge.)
Conclusion
雖然非謂語動詞題題型千變?nèi)f化，也會考到獨立成分、主語、賓語等其它成分，但最難、最易考到的就是非謂語動詞用作定語、狀語、補語，學會用以上三步法來解題，相信會有很大的幫助。
Step3: Comparison
1.He was a good king, well ________ (like) by his people.
2.The computer centre , _______ (open) last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
3.Democrat Pat Moynihan __________ (serve) in the Senate from nineteen-seventy-seven to two-thousand-one.
4.These new rulers ________ (speak) only French for several hundred years.
5.A big wedding ________ (require) clothing, flowers, food preparation, photographs and music.
Step4: Practice
Practice 1
1. She caught the student (cheat) in exams.
2. When I got there, I found him (repair) farm tools.
3. When I got there, I found the farm tools . (repair)
4. Just then he heard someone (call) for help.
5. He worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise)
6. The missing boys were last seen (play) near the river.
7. (compare) with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.
8. The workers had the machines (run) all night long to finish the work on time.
9. People in the south have their houses (make of ) bamboo.
10. (lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
Practice 2
11. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his point ____________. ( understand)
12. The scientists were waiting to see the problem . (settle).
13. The library's study room is full of students busy ___________ (prepare) for the exam.
14. The ground is (cover )with (fall) leaves.
15. Lessons (learn) easily were soon forgotten.
16. The wallet (steal) several days ago was found (hide)in the dustbin
outside the building.
17. A person (learn) a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language
(forget ) all about his own.
18. (produce)different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their
quality.
19. The students in the university are all taking courses (lead) to a degree.
20. Many things (consider) impossible in the past are very common today.
Practice 3
21. (tell)many times, he still couldn't understand.
22. The old sick lady entered the hospital, (support) by her two sons.
23. China is one of the largest countries in the world, (cover) 9.6 million
square kilometres.
24. We must keep a secret of the thing (discuss) here, the general said, seriously
(stare) at the man in charge of the information office.
25. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, (add) that he had
enjoyed his stay here.
26. Can you read? Mary said .angrily (point) to the notice.
27. (write) the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the
room.
28. Were you (frighten) when you saw that wild animal?
29. Properly (mark) with numbers, the books can be easily found.
30. The child sat in the dentist's chair (tremble)
Practice 4
31. At this moment the bell rang (announce)the end of class.
32. He walked down the hills, (sing) softly to himself.
33. I had to shout to make myself (hear) above the noise.
34. The graduating students are busy (collect) material for their reports.
35. The cars (produce) in Beijing are as good as those
(produce) in Shanghai.
36. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li (examine) a patient.
37. (give) a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very
quickly.
38. (give) a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover
from his illness very soon.
39. He wrote a letter to me (inform) that his trip to Japan had been put off
because of the bad weather.
40. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself (inform) about what's
going on in the world.
Step 5 綜合實踐
1
We are ______1_____ (interest) in the story about Snow White because it is a very _______2_______ (interest) story. Once upon a time, there was a princess ___3_____ (name) Snow White. She was the most beautiful girl in the world but she had a step-mother who treated her very badly. She even ordered a guard to kill her. The guard didn’t kill Snow White. Instead, he asked Snow White to escape at once. ______4______ (terrify) by some strange sounds, she ran quickly through the forest and came to a wooden house which belonged to the seven dwarfs. A moment later, the seven dwarfs came back to the wooden house and they saw a beautiful girl _____5____ (lie) on the bed. After that Snow White and the seven dwarfs lived happily. They often played on the grass, ________6_______ (sing and dance) together. _______7_____ (know) the news of Snow White, the Queen dressed up as an old woman. The bad woman took a poisonous apple and went to the wooden house. Snow White believed the old woman and bit that red but poisonous apple and fell down. One day, a handsome prince came here. He shook her by accident and with a shock the poisonous piece of apple ___8____ (bit) off by Snow White came out of her throat. And before long she opened her eyes. _____9_____ (see) the prince and the seven dwarfs, Snow White smiled. Snow White decided to go with the prince and said “Goodbye” to the seven dwarfs. She married the Prince and lived happily. Let’s look back at the bad Queen. What happened to her? ______10________ (not satisfy) with the news, the bad Queen felt very angry. A few days later, she died.
2
There is a 1 (grow) debate about the most effective way for students to study. Traditionally 2 (study) alone was thought to be the best way to ensure good exam results. When 3 (study) alone you can focus your mind better than when you are with others. You also have the freedom to choose what topic 4 (study) and when, as you don’t need find agreement of others. Students 5 (prefer) to study alone often say that when they study with their classmates they waste a lot of time because the discussion is often about non-study topics such as television or holidays.
In the last few years, however, more and more students have started 6 (study) in groups. There are several reasons why many students prefer this method. First, they find that studying is more fun as they can share the experience with others rather than 7 (stay)in their rooms. In groups, they can discuss the subject together and when something 8_________ (not understand)they can ask each other questions. They can use the knowledge of their classmates 9 (help) improve their own knowledge. Finally by 10 (discuss) the topic, they are able to both understand and remember it better.
Step5. Assignment:
1．Review what you have learnt.
2．完成語法表格(六) 非謂語動詞