學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航

XUE XI MU BIAO DAO HANG 學(xué)習(xí)提示

話

題 1.Talk about science and scientific achievement.

2.Write a persuasion essay. 1.重點(diǎn)掌握與中心話題“科學(xué)成就”有關(guān)的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)和技能。

2.學(xué)會(huì)寫(xiě)說(shuō)明文。

功

能 1.If I got the money, I would…

I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to…

I hope that…; My plan is to…

2.I’ d like to…

I’ m thinking of… 練習(xí)表示intentions（意圖）和wishes（愿望）的常用句型，熟練掌握其用法。

詞

匯 likely, overseas, grasp, master, arrange, rely, failure, achieve, announce, locate 1.掌握本單元單詞的常見(jiàn)用法，注意其構(gòu)成。

2.重點(diǎn)掌握并能熟練運(yùn)用所列詞組的用法。

set foot, rely on, put forward, come to life

語(yǔ)

法 Word Formation (abbreviation) ：

ad (advertisement) 廣告

CSA (Chinese Space Agency) 中國(guó)航天局

IT (information technology) 信息技術(shù)

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 北大西洋公約組織 1.了解英語(yǔ)中最常用的派生法、復(fù)合法和轉(zhuǎn)換法三種構(gòu)詞方法。

2.重點(diǎn)掌握下列四種縮略構(gòu)詞法：截?cái)嘣~，首字母連寫(xiě)詞，首字母拼音詞和拼綴詞。

單元要點(diǎn)

Word

study

1.engineering 2.solar 3.significant 4.mankind 5.constitution 6.zone 7.private 8.grasp 9.master 10.perfect 11.arrange 12.rely 13.failure 14.locate 15.valley 16.brand 17.luggage 18.achieve 19.organ 20.boom 21.breakthrough 22.agency 23.announce 24.evolution 25.supercomputer 26.likely 1.工程；工程學(xué) 2.太陽(yáng)的；日光的 3.意義重大的 4.人類 5.憲法 6.區(qū)域；地帶 7.私人的；非公開(kāi)的 8.抓��；理解 9.碩士；主人 10.完美的；理想的 11.安排；整理；布置 12.依靠；指望 13.失��；失敗的人 14.把……設(shè)置在；使……坐落于；指出……的位置 15.山谷 16.商標(biāo)；牌子 17.行李 18.大道；實(shí)現(xiàn)；完成19.器官；機(jī)關(guān)；風(fēng)琴 20.繁榮期；迅速發(fā)展期 21.重大突破 22.代理（機(jī)構(gòu)） 23.宣布；宣告 24.發(fā)展；展開(kāi) 25.超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī) 26.可能的；預(yù)期的

Useful expressions 1.genetic engineering 2.the theory of gravity 3.nuclear science 4.solar energy 5.great scientific achievements 6.have something in common 7.the first person to travel in time 8.a cure for AIDS 9.a manned space ship 10.start a company 11.spend time doing sth. 12.in store 13.it is likely that 14.more than 15.set up 16.in the late 1990s 17.the Chinese Academy of sciences 18.within the next ten years 19.a growing number of

1.基因工程 2.萬(wàn)有引力理論 3.核科學(xué) 4.太陽(yáng)能 5.偉大的科學(xué)成就6.有共同之處 7.時(shí)間旅行第一人 8.艾滋病治療方法 9.載人飛船 10.開(kāi)辦一家公司 11.花時(shí)間做某事12.存儲(chǔ) 13.很有可能…… 14.不僅僅，多于 15.建立 16.在20世紀(jì)90年代末 17.中科院 18.在接下來(lái)的十年里 19.不停增加數(shù)量的

Useful expressions 20.make it possible for sb.to do sth.21.follow one’s dreams 22.top scientists 23.master’s degree 24.a dream come true 25.set foot in… 26.run a small company 27.have a positive effect on… 28.rely on 29.build the future 30.deal with 31.learn from… 32.be excited about… 33.be located in… 34.contribute to… 35.in the near future 36.be filled with 37.enjoy a boom 38.put forward a plan 39.make many breakthroughs 40.sth.be used to do 41.manned space flight 42.allow sb.to do sth.43.human genetic project 44.for the first time ever 45.the deadly disease 20.使某人做某事成為可能 尋某人的夢(mèng)想 22.頂級(jí)科學(xué)家 21.追23.碩士學(xué)位 24.一個(gè)夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn) 25.涉足于…… 26.開(kāi)辦一家小公司 27.對(duì)于……有積極影響 28.依靠于 29.創(chuàng)造未來(lái) 30.處理 31.向……學(xué)習(xí) 32.對(duì)于……很興奮 33.位于…… 34.作貢獻(xiàn)于…… 35.在不久的將來(lái) 36.充滿 37.經(jīng)歷迅速發(fā)展期 38.提出一個(gè)計(jì)劃 39.取得許多突破 40.某物被用來(lái)做41.載人太空飛行 42.允許某人做某事 43.人類基因組計(jì)劃 44.第一次 45.致命的疾病

Sentence

patterns &

Communicative

English 1.If I got the money,I would …

2.My plan is to …

3.I hope that …

4.I want/wish/hope/intend/plan to …

5.I’d like to …

6.I’m thinking of …

Grammar Word-formation:

1.prefix and suffix

2.compounds 構(gòu)詞法:

1.前綴，后綴

2.合成詞

Topics &Writing 1.Talk about science and scientific achievement.

2.Practise expressing intensions and wishes.

3.Learn about Word-formation.

4.Write a persuasion essay.

Language points.

1．constitution

1) 憲法the Constitution of the United States / the American Constitution

2) 體格，體質(zhì)He has a weak constitution

3) 構(gòu)造，構(gòu)成the constitution of starch (淀粉的構(gòu)成)

2．a(chǎn)chievement (U)取得，完成（C）成就，成績(jī)（V）achieve

development government movement equipment

vt 完成 達(dá)到（目的），得到

1） By hard working we can achieve anything.

2） We have achieved success in developing the product.

3．Mankind 人類 manmade (adj) Manly 有男子氣概的；剛強(qiáng)的

4．in store(for sb./sth.):coming in the future;about to happen

e.g.There is a surprise in store for you.

I can see trouble in store.

5．Likely 1) be likely to do sth 很可能（發(fā)生某種情況）Our team is likely to win the game.

2) it is likely that + 從句

It is likely that we’ll go on a picnic in the forest tomorrow.

辨析：likely, possible與probable

Likely 常用詞，指“從表面現(xiàn)象看很有可能”

Possible 指“由于有適當(dāng)?shù)臈l件和方法，某事可能發(fā)生或做到”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“客觀上有可能”，但“實(shí)際希望很小”。

Probable 語(yǔ)氣比possible 強(qiáng)，指“有根據(jù)、合情理、值得相信的事物，帶有大概，很可能的意思”

Likely 之后常跟不定式（be likely to do sth） 而possible與probable之后通常不跟不定式；

Likely 的主語(yǔ)可以是人，而possible與probable的主語(yǔ)不能是人。

6．set up

1) 建立，成立 Set up home

Edison set up a chemical lab of his own at the age of ten.

2) 樹(shù)立起來(lái)Let’s set up the tent first.

3) 使（自己或他人）從事某職業(yè)（as）

He has set himself up as a bookseller. 他開(kāi)始經(jīng)營(yíng)書(shū)籍。

set about doing sth 著手做 set out to do sth Set an example

set fire to 點(diǎn)火；放火Set off 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身Set foot in (on) 登上；涉足；訪問(wèn)

set foot in/on sth.: enter or visit(a place);arrive

e.g. Don’t ever set foot in this house again!

Who was the first man to set foot on the moon.

7．Private adj 私人的；私立的；不公開(kāi)的

Private property Private school

a private door 便門(mén)in private 在私下，秘密地in public 公開(kāi)地

8．grasp vt

1) 抓住 grasp sb by the arm

2) (= understand ) 掌握， 領(lǐng)會(huì)

Grasp sb’s meaning

3) n (常用單數(shù))　緊握；把握；理解；理解力

　　Beyond sb’s grasp 力量達(dá)不到 Grasp all, lose all. 樣樣都要，全數(shù)失掉。 Within sb’s grasp 力量達(dá)得到

9．Master n 碩士；（男）主人；能手；雇主；大師

Mistress n 女主人 Masterless adj 無(wú)主的

Mastermind n 非常聰明的人 Masterkey n 萬(wàn)能鑰匙

Masterpiece(masterwork) n 杰作 The master of the house 家長(zhǎng)

Master and man雇主與雇工 A master in literature 文學(xué)大師

Master of Arts (MA) 文學(xué)碩士 Master of Science (MS) 理學(xué)碩士

Bachelor 學(xué)士 doctor 博士

vt 掌握；精通；控制；統(tǒng)治

Master a foreign language

Man can master nature.

10. perfect adj 理想的；完美的；絕對(duì)的；完全的；（動(dòng)詞的）完成的

His reading is perfect.

He is a perfect stranger to us.

The perfect tense

vt 使完美

They worked hard to perfect their dance.

Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

Be perfect in English 精通英語(yǔ)

11．a(chǎn)rrange

vt 安排，籌劃；整理，布置

1） We have arranged a party.

2） He arranged the books on the shelf.

n arrangement

(C pl) 安排；準(zhǔn)備工作 （U，C）整理；排列；布置

12. have an effect on 對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響

Take effect 開(kāi)始生效；開(kāi)始實(shí)行

In effect = in fact 實(shí)際上

13. rely on / upon : depend on…依賴，依靠；信賴，信任

We should rely on our own efforts. 我們應(yīng)該自力更生。

You may rely on it that she won’t be late.你可以放心，她不會(huì)遲到的。

14．make it clear （that）…表明，講清楚

e.g. She made it clear that she objected to the proposal.

She made clear her objections.

15．Failure (v fail) 失敗(U)，失敗的人或事（C）

Failure is the mother of success.

He is a failure as an artist, but a success as an art teacher.他不是一個(gè)成功的藝術(shù)家，但是個(gè)成功的美術(shù)老師。

16．come to life: back to normal state, esp. of mind蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)，恢復(fù)生氣，活躍起來(lái)

After three hours’ saving, the injured man came to life.

When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids came back to life at once.

17. mark

n 痕跡；符號(hào)；商標(biāo)；分?jǐn)?shù)；特征

an ink mark a question mark full marks make a mark 作標(biāo)記

vt 做標(biāo)記；留痕跡于；表明；批分?jǐn)?shù)，評(píng)成績(jī)

a dirt road marked with footprints 留有腳印的泥路

be marked with 標(biāo)著……；(人、動(dòng)物等身上)具有

Her face is marked with sadness. 她面露悲哀。

mark examination papers.

18. outstanding

1) 杰出的，突出的 （ stand out ）一名杰出的學(xué)生 an outstanding student

2) 未完結(jié)的；未清的；未付的

Outstanding debts 未付清的欠款

19．Breakthrough n 重大突破，突圍；突破性的發(fā)現(xiàn)，成就

A military breakthrough 軍事突破A scientific breakthrough 科學(xué)成就

20．enable

en-使+able能……的

enrich enlarge

strengthen strength(力量)+ en (使) vt 加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng) vi 變強(qiáng)

they strengthened the city wall..

the wind strengthened.

deep--deepen

Sharp-sharpen

Wide--widen

21. organ n 器官；風(fēng)琴；機(jī)構(gòu)，機(jī)關(guān)

The eyes are the organ of sight.

state organs

a government organ

adj organic 有機(jī)物的；有機(jī)體的

n organism (C)生物，有機(jī)體，有機(jī)組織

vt organize 組織

N organization 團(tuán)體，機(jī)構(gòu)，組織

22. put forward 提出（建議、意見(jiàn)）；推薦，提名

He put forward a better plan.

We put her forward as chairman of the committee.

23. aim (sth) at sth/doing sth (把……)瞄準(zhǔn)；目的在于；企圖

He aimed his gun at the target.

Those girls worked out every morning, aiming at losing weight.

知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解

1． You and your team are working on a cure for Aids. 你和你的隊(duì)員正在從事艾滋病的治療工作。

（1）work on “從事于（某項(xiàng)工作）”；“設(shè)法說(shuō)服” eg:

They worked on the old car late into the night. 他們修這輛舊汽車(chē)一直修到深夜。

What are you doing? We are working on some wood-cuts. 你們?cè)诟墒裁囱�？我們正在�?chuàng)作一些木刻。

Can you work on him to change his mind?你能說(shuō)服他改變主意嗎？

（2）work at “學(xué)習(xí)，研究，致力于……” eg:

They have worked at this subject for many years. 他們研究這門(mén)科學(xué)好多年了。

（3）work out 做出；算出；設(shè)計(jì)出 eg:

This problem will not work out. 這道題算不出來(lái)。

They have worked out a method of sending a spacecraft to Mars.

他們已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出一種向火星發(fā)射宇宙飛船的方法。

2．extremely adv. to a very high degree 極端地；極度地 eg:

It was an extremely difficult and dangerous task. 這是一項(xiàng)極度困難和危險(xiǎn)的工作。

extreme adj. reaching the highest degree 極度的 eg:

extreme patience/kindness 極度的耐心/仁慈 in extreme pain 在極度痛苦中

3． cure (1)n. ①[C] curing or being cured 治療；治愈。 eg:

His cure took six months. 他的病花了六個(gè)月治療。

②[C]substance or treatment which cures 治療的藥物；治療法 eg:

Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? 迄今對(duì)癌癥有治療方法嗎？

（2）vt. & vi. bring sb. back to health; get rid of one’s illness/habits eg:

This medicine will cure your headache. 這藥可以治好你的頭痛。

A few days’ rest will cure you. 休息幾天你就痊愈了。

③（詞組） cure sb. of one’s illness or bad habits 治愈疾病，改掉壞習(xí)慣 eg:

Moving to the country cured her of asthma. 搬到鄉(xiāng)下她的哮喘病就好了。

He was cured of his habit of smoking. 他改掉了吸煙的壞習(xí)慣。

4． You are working on sending a manned spaceship to Mars. 你正在從事向火星發(fā)射載人宇宙飛船的工作。

（1）manned adj. (of machines esp. in space) having men on board （飛船等）載人的 eg:

the development of manned from unmanned space craft從無(wú)人向載人飛船的發(fā)展

（2）man-made adj. produced by the work of men; not found in nature 人造的 eg:

The lake is a man-made one. 這是個(gè)人工湖。

We have sent up many man-made satellites. 我們發(fā)射了多少顆人造衛(wèi)星。

生詞和詞組

1．likely adj. (1) that is expected 很可能發(fā)生的；有希望的 eg:

Is he likely to win? 他有可能獲勝嗎？

The most likely result is a draw. 最可能的結(jié)果是不分勝負(fù)。

(2)that seems reasonable, suitable or right for a purpose 似乎合理的 eg:

That’s a likely excuse. 那似乎是個(gè)合理的借口。

(3)be likely to do… 很可能會(huì)……

It’s likely that… 可能會(huì)（有，發(fā)生）…… eg:

He is not likely to succeed. 他大概不會(huì)成功。

It is likely that he will be late. =He is likely to be late. 他可能會(huì)遲到。

2． grasp vt. , vi. & n.

(1)v. ①seize firmly with hand(s) or arm(s) 抓��；抱��；緊握 eg:

The boy grasped his mother’s hand firmly. 那個(gè)小男孩緊握住媽媽的手。

He grasped the rope and pulled it. 他抓緊繩子用力拉。

②understand with the mind 領(lǐng)悟；理解 eg:

I couldn’t grasp the teacher’s meaning. 我沒(méi)領(lǐng)悟老師的意思。

(2)n. firm hold or grip; power of grasping 緊握；抓緊；領(lǐng)悟力 eg:

He doesn’t have a thorough grasp of the problem. 他沒(méi)有徹底理解這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

(3)短語(yǔ)：beyond/within a person’s grasp 為某人所不能/能抓到的；為某人所不能/能理解的。

3． master vt. , vi & n.

(1) vt. ①become the master of; overcome 成為……的主人；征服；控制

eg: master one’s temper/feelings 控制脾氣/感情

It’s difficult to master nature. 征服大自然是困難的。

②gain as a skill 精通；熟練 eg:

master English 精通英語(yǔ) master foreign affairs 精通外交事務(wù)

He never mastered the art of the public speaking. 他從未掌握當(dāng)眾演講的藝術(shù)。

(2)n. ①man who has others working for him 主人，雇主

②male head of a household 家里的男主人

③captain of a merchant ship 商船的船長(zhǎng)

④male teacher 男教師 eg:

the master of the house 一家之長(zhǎng)

the maths master 數(shù)學(xué)教師 a master’s degree 碩士學(xué)位

4．a(chǎn)rrange vt. & vi.

(1)put in order 安排；排列；布置 eg:

She is good at arranging flowers. 她擅長(zhǎng)插花。

Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 他離開(kāi)之前，他把業(yè)務(wù)都安排好了。

(2)make plans in advance 預(yù)做計(jì)劃 eg:

The Tourist Bureau arranged everything for our journey to Rome. 旅游局為我們?nèi)チ_馬的旅行準(zhǔn)備了一切。

(3)arrange+ n. +for +n. 為……安排…… eg:

Mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist. 母親替我向牙醫(yī)預(yù)約掛號(hào)。

(4)arrange sb. to do … 安排某人做…… eg:

I have arranged him to meet her. 我安排他和她見(jiàn)面。

(5)arrange with sb. to do … 約定與某人做…… eg:

We arranged with his team to play a game of baseball. 我們約好和他們隊(duì)打一場(chǎng)棒球。

(6)arrange that … 商定，安排。 eg:

He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week. =

He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week. 他安排把會(huì)議延后一周召開(kāi)。

5． failure n.

(1)[U] failing; lack of success 失��；不成功 eg:

Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。

(2)[C] instance of failing; person, attempt or thing that fails 失敗的事例；失敗的人，企圖或失敗的事物 eg:

He was a failure as a teacher. 他不是個(gè)好老師。

Success came after many failures. 失敗多次之后終于成功。

6． locate vt. & vi.

(1)discover, show the locality of 找出……的位置，指出……的位置 eg:

locate a town on a map 在地圖上找出一城市的位置

(2)establish in a place 在一地點(diǎn)設(shè)置 eg:

a new school to be located in the suburbs 將設(shè)置在郊區(qū)的一所新學(xué)校

(3)be located 位于 eg:

Our school is located in the center of the town. 我們學(xué)校坐落于市中心。

(4)比較location n.

[U] locating or being located 指定位置

[C] position or place 位置；地方 eg:

The hill is a good location for the new church. 那山丘是建筑新教堂的好地點(diǎn)。

7． organ n.

(1)any part of an animal body or plant 動(dòng)植物器官 eg:

the organs of speech, the tongue, teeth, lips, etc. 語(yǔ)言器官（如舌、牙、唇等）

(2)organization 組織，機(jī)構(gòu) eg:

Parliament is the chief organ of the government. 國(guó)會(huì)是政府的主要機(jī)關(guān)。

(3)musical instrument from which sounds are produced by air forced through pipes, played by keys pressed with the fingers and pedals pressed with the feet 風(fēng)琴

同、近義詞辨析

1．likely, possible 與probable

（1）三者均表可能性，但意思有別。possible指客觀上有可能性，但往往含有希望很小的意味；probable比possible可能性稍大，有“較為可能、大概”，指有實(shí)際依據(jù)；likely是從外表跡象判斷有可能發(fā)生的事。 eg：

It’s possible, though not probable, that he will come tomorrow. 他明天可能來(lái)，但也不一定準(zhǔn)來(lái)。

She is likely to ring me tonight. 今晚她很可能給我來(lái)電話。

（2）possible 不能用人做主語(yǔ)。possible 常用于下列句型：

It is possible to do sth. It is possible for sb. to do sth.

It is possible that … eg:

Is it possible to say so?可能這樣說(shuō)嗎？

It is possible for me to do it. 我可能做那件事。

（3）probable 也不能用人做主語(yǔ)。一般只用于下面句型中：

It is probable that … eg:

It is probable that he will come. 他很可能要來(lái)。

（4）likely 既可用人作主語(yǔ)，也可用物做主語(yǔ)。通可用于“It is likely that …”句型中。 eg:

He is likely to come. = It is likely that he will come. 他可能要來(lái)。但不能說(shuō)：It is likely for him to come.

（5）impossible, improbable, unlikely 用法與上述類似。

2．catch, grasp, seize 與snatch

catch是普通用語(yǔ)，用“設(shè)法抓住，捉住”的意思； grasp表示牢牢地“抓住”；seize指“突然用力抓住使不逃脫”；snatch 表示迅速的拉扯動(dòng)作、出其不意地“抓取”。 eg:

The police caught the thief as he ran. 小偷逃跑時(shí)被警察抓住了。

He grasped his gun and rushed out. 他抓起槍就沖了出去。

He seized the gun from the enemy soldier. 他從敵人士兵手中奪過(guò)了槍。

The thief snatched her handbag and ran off. 小偷搶走了她的手提包就跑了。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充

1．Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 無(wú)論中國(guó)將來(lái)會(huì)有什么樣的成就，其中許多可能就誕生在北京的西北部。

（1）in store 就要到來(lái)，必將發(fā)生 eg:

Who knows what the future has in store for us? 誰(shuí)知道我們將來(lái)注定如何？

（2）in store 也有儲(chǔ)存著，備用的意思 eg:

The runner kept some energy in store for spurting at the end. 那名賽跑的人為最后沖刺貯存精力。

2． Zhongguancun was set up as a special economic zone in the late 1990s and quickly became the leader of China’s hi-tech industry. 在20世界90年代末中關(guān)村作為高新科技特區(qū)被創(chuàng)立并迅速成為中國(guó)高科技工業(yè)的先鋒。

（1）set up-establish 建立 eg:

The government has set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立工作組調(diào)查此問(wèn)題。

（2）in the late 1990s 又可寫(xiě)成in the late 1990’s 二十世紀(jì)九十年代末

in the early 1980s 二十世紀(jì)八十年代初

（3）hi-tech= high technology 高科技，高技術(shù)

3． When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt. 當(dāng)我獲得碩士學(xué)位時(shí)，我想回到家鄉(xiāng)，可是我沒(méi)能找到學(xué)有所用的公司。

（1）本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。When I got my master’s degree 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wanted。wanted和couldn’t find為并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由并列連詞but連接。where I could use what I had learnt為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞company。what I had learnt 為賓語(yǔ)從句。

（2）a master’s degree 碩士學(xué)位 a doctor’s degree 博士學(xué)位a bachelor’s degree 學(xué)士學(xué)位

又如：Master of Arts 文學(xué)碩士 Doctor of Law 法學(xué)博士Bachelor of Science 理學(xué)學(xué)士

4．I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記當(dāng)再次踏上中國(guó)土地和我的朋友及親人團(tuán)聚時(shí)，那種感覺(jué)有多幸福。

（1）本句是復(fù)合句。How happy I was …為賓語(yǔ)從句。when I set foot in China again and was back with … 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

（2）set foot in/on 進(jìn)入，踏進(jìn) eg:

She said she wouldn’t set foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned.

她說(shuō)直到這屋子收拾好了她才住進(jìn)去。

No man has ever set foot on that deserted island. 沒(méi)有人曾光顧過(guò)那個(gè)荒蕪的島。

5． “Relying on science, technology, and knowledge to increase economic power”- makes it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. “依靠科學(xué)，技術(shù)，知識(shí)發(fā)展經(jīng)�！�，它闡明了科學(xué)和商業(yè)能夠且必須結(jié)合在一起共創(chuàng)未來(lái)。

（1）此句為復(fù)合句。it為形式賓語(yǔ)，代表that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。

（2）rely on/upon信賴，依賴 eg: He can always be relied upon or help. 他的幫助是永遠(yuǎn)可依賴的。

You may rely on my early arrival. 你放心好了，我會(huì)早到的。

（3）make…clear 表明，講清楚 eg:

Have I made myself clear? 我講清楚了嗎？

They wanted to make it clear that they did an important and necessary job. 他們想說(shuō)明他們做著一項(xiàng)重要且必要的工作。

6． …but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguanzun. 但是我們?yōu)樗�有這些在中關(guān)村富有活力的新技術(shù)和卓越的想法而感到激動(dòng)。

（1）that are coming to life in Zhongguancun 為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞ideas。

（2）come to life 蘇醒；恢復(fù)生氣 eg:

We all thought he was drowned, but after an hour’s artificial respiration he came back to life.

我們都以為他淹死了，但經(jīng)過(guò)一小時(shí)的人工呼吸后，他又蘇醒了。

When I told the students the good news, they all came to life.

當(dāng)我告訴學(xué)生們這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，他們都活躍起來(lái)了。

典型病句診斷

1． 病句：Yufang has come to China for three years.

診斷：Yufang has been in China for three years.

點(diǎn)撥：come為終止性動(dòng)詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)，不能與表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

2． 病句：Where has he gone is to be found out.

診斷：Where he has gone is to be found out.

點(diǎn)撥：主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。

3． 病句：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return back to China.

診斷：When I got my master’s degree, I wanted to return to China.

點(diǎn)撥：return意思是“come back”，不與back連用。

4． 病句：I would rather you tell me the truth.

診斷：I would rather you told me the truth.

點(diǎn)撥：would rather 后面帶的賓語(yǔ)從句表示一種愿望，動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式來(lái)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

5． 病句：The old man stays very health.

診斷：The old man stays very healthy.

點(diǎn)撥：stay為系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持（狀態(tài)）”，后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。

6． 病句：Great changes have been taken place in China.

診斷：Great changes have taken place in China.

點(diǎn)撥：take place “發(fā)生，舉行”，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

7． 病句：This lesson is more easier than that one.

診斷：This lesson is much easier than that one.

點(diǎn)撥：形容詞比較級(jí)前不可用more, 而可以用much, even, still, a great deal, a lot, far等加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。

8． 病句：All the answers are not correct. I can’t find one correct answer.

診斷：None of the answers are correct. I can’t find one correct answer.

點(diǎn)撥：all…not和not all…表示部分否定，意為“并非都……”，而none表示全部否定，意為“都不……”。

9． 病句：I don’t like the way which you speak to me.

診斷：I don’t like the way that you speak to me.

點(diǎn)撥：在way后面引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可用that, in which 或省略。

10． 病句：Zhongguancun has had a positive affect on business as well as science.

診斷：Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.

點(diǎn)撥：affect vt. “影響”； effect n. “影響”，have a good/bad effect on 意為“對(duì)……有好/不良的影響”。

典型例題精析

<1>Chinese arts have won the ________ of a lot of people outside China.

A.enjoyment B.appreciation

C.entertainment D.reputation

解析：enjoyment意為“快樂(lè)，高興”；appreciation意為“欣賞”；entertainment意為“招待，對(duì)待”；reputation意為“名譽(yù)，名聲”，根據(jù)句意來(lái)看選B項(xiàng)。答案：B

<2>The environmentalists said wild goats, ________ on the vast grasslands was a good phenomenon of the better environment.

A.escape B.absence

C.attendance D.appearance

解析：該題也是一個(gè)詞匯辨析題，同時(shí)也考查構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)。escape意為“逃跑，避免”，absence意為“缺席”，attendance意為“到場(chǎng)、出席，護(hù)理、照料”，這三個(gè)詞都與句意不相符，只有appearance“出現(xiàn)”符合題意。答案：D

<3>Mr. Smith used to smoke ________ but he has given it up now.

A.seriously B.heavily

C.badly D.hardly

解析：該題考查詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞搭配和構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)。從詞義上看，hardly為頻度副詞，要放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面，首先應(yīng)將D選項(xiàng)排除掉。另外三個(gè)詞均為方式副詞，雖然都可以置于不及物動(dòng)詞之后，但含義搭配各不相同。只有heavily習(xí)慣上與 “drink, smoke, rain, snow” 等動(dòng)詞搭配。故B為正確選項(xiàng)。答案：B

思路開(kāi)拓

1.(2004年高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to before the party.

A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change

解析：本題考查get的用法。題意是“薩拉，快點(diǎn)吧!恐怕在宴會(huì)前你沒(méi)時(shí)間換衣服”。get可用作系動(dòng)詞，后接過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如：get lost“迷路”，get dressed“穿上衣服”，get injured“受傷”，get paid“領(lǐng)取工資”等。此處get changed意為“換衣服”。答案為A。又如本單元課文中的一句話：The centre itself got started in the early 1980s, when Chen Chunxian, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, opened a private research and development institute.答案：A

2.(2004年高考湖南卷)I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.

A.how B.which C.where D.that

解析：本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。題意是“我在一家公司上班，在這里幾乎每個(gè)人都在等待著飛黃騰達(dá)的機(jī)會(huì)”。句中almost everyone is waiting for a great chance是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾前面的先行詞business。由句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，business在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)是作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，即almost everyone is waiting for a great chance in the business，故引導(dǎo)詞要用關(guān)系副詞where。答案為C。又如本單元課文中的一句話：I want to return home but couldn’t find a company where I could use what I had learnt.答案：C

3.(2004年高考北京卷)Now that she is out of a job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A.had considered B.has been considering

C.considered D.is going to consider

解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)別。從題干中的is和hasn’t decided兩個(gè)動(dòng)作來(lái)看，句子用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，可先排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。題意是“露西失業(yè)了，她一直在考慮回去上學(xué)，但還沒(méi)有最終決定”�？芍獞�(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示一段時(shí)間以來(lái)一直在做某事。故答案為B。又如本單元課文中的一句話：Since the early 1990s, China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technology development. 答案：B

4.(2004年上海春招)Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage the girl and took her away, into the woods.

A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing

解析：本題考查識(shí)別句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。題意為“突然，一個(gè)駕駛著一輛金色馬車(chē)的男人搶走了那個(gè)女孩，之后消失在那片樹(shù)林里”。句子的主語(yǔ)是a tall man；driving a golden carriage是分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)；句中的and連接的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞seized和took；因?yàn)槎禾?hào)不能起連接作用，故第二個(gè)空白處的動(dòng)詞與前面的seized和took不是并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而應(yīng)是作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)；因?yàn)閐isappear與man是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。答案為D。又如本單元課文中的一句話：In 2001, Chinese scientists announced that they had completed mapping out their part of the international human genome project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best.答案：D

5.(2003年高考上海卷)The discovery of new evidence led to .

A.the thief having caught B.catching the thief

C.the thief being caught D.the thief to be caught

解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)lead to的用法。lead to意為“導(dǎo)致，引起”，其中to是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。題意是“新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了那個(gè)賊的被捉”。顯然，catch與the thief之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。答案為C。又如本單元中的一句話：The programme was started in March 1986 and has led to several breakthroughs in science and technology.答案：C

能力提升

§6.1 單項(xiàng)填空

1.The theory by Einstein was later to prove true, but at that time few people could accept it.

A.put out B.put together C.put aside D.put forward

解析：“愛(ài)因斯坦提出的理論”。put out“撲滅”；put together“組合；整理”；put aside“擱置；存放”；put forward“提出；推薦”。答案：D

2.I don’t think Jack is a man to be when we are in trouble and need his help.

A.hoped for B.related to C.expected from D.relied on

解析：“杰克是一個(gè)不可靠的人”。rely on“依靠；信賴”。答案：D

3.An earthquake shook the city last night and hundreds of houses .

A.got to damage B.got damaged C.got damage D.got damaging

解析：“get+done”是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一種形式，get damaged意為“被毀壞”。答案：B

4.Later, I wanted to return home but couldn’t find a company I could use I had learnt.

A.that;what B.when;what C.where;what D.where;that

解析：“在公司里我可以使用我所學(xué)的知識(shí)”。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。答案：C

5.Mr.White is now in Beijing and runs a company in Zhongguancun together with some Chinese friends.

A.to base B.basing C.to be based D.based

解析：公司坐落在中關(guān)村，即以中關(guān)村為基地，用過(guò)去分詞based作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于which is based。答案：D

6.The earliest influences upon children will most likely have the strongest effects their personalities.

A.toward B.on C.over D.for

解析：have effect on/upon是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)……有影響”。答案：B

7.Now there is just one point I wish you to make quite clear.

A.where B.which C.whether D.when

解析：point在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作make的賓語(yǔ)，故引導(dǎo)詞用which。答案：B

8.Just as the doctor , your wife is not exactly fat, but rather well-built for her age.

A.gets it B.makes it C.puts it D.means it

解析：get it“明白了，知道了”；make it“到達(dá)；成功”；put it“說(shuō)，表達(dá)”；mean it“說(shuō)話算數(shù)”。答案：C

9.They say the recorder costs 150 dollars. But I don’t think it’s worth much.

A.that B.as C.even D.rather

解析：“不值那么多錢(qián)”，用that much，此時(shí)that相當(dāng)于so。答案：A

10.When I mentioned our plans for a trip abroad, the kids life at once.

A.came to B.got to C.return to D.went to

解析：come to life是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“變得活躍起來(lái)”。答案：A

11.He got full marks in this math exam, that he was among the class’ best.

A.to prove B.proved C.having proved D.proving

解析：此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于and proved。答案：D

12.Firemen said the fire wasunder control, but they warned that the change in the weather might new fires.

A.lead to B.bring in C.result from D.break out

解析：天氣的變化可能引起新的火災(zāi)。lead to“引起，導(dǎo)致”；bring in“引進(jìn)，賺錢(qián)”；result from“起因于”；break out“爆發(fā)，發(fā)生”，是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。答案：A

13. great progress we have made, we should not be conceited.

A.However B.How C.Whatever D.What

解析：whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于no matter what。因progress是名詞，故前面不能用however。

答案：C

14.He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.

A.is B.are C.have been D.has been

解析：此處定語(yǔ)從句修飾the only one，故從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。答案：D

15.The success you have achieved today may be for your whole future.

A.accessible B.significant C.temporary D.challenging

解析：你今天取得的成功或許對(duì)你整個(gè)人生都很重要。accessible“可使用的”；significant“重要的”；temporary“暫時(shí)的”；challenging“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的”。答案：B

課文譯文

中關(guān)村

不管中國(guó)將來(lái)會(huì)創(chuàng)造出多么偉大的成就，他們很有可能就誕生在北京的西北部。中關(guān)村，在北京海淀區(qū)，是中國(guó)科技的新中心。它是中科院以及北京大學(xué)、清華大學(xué)等十幾所著名高校的所在地。

中關(guān)村在20世紀(jì)90年代末的時(shí)候才建為一個(gè)特別經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)，但很快就成了中國(guó)高新技術(shù)工業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量。該中心本身創(chuàng)辦于20世紀(jì)80年代初，中科院研究員陳春賢首先在此開(kāi)辦了一家私人研究發(fā)展學(xué)院。在接下來(lái)的10年里，大約有一百多家科技公司搬到這個(gè)地區(qū)來(lái)，這樣，新的科技中心圍繞著當(dāng)初的中關(guān)村花園發(fā)展起來(lái)了。他們都有自己的特色，但他們也都有共同點(diǎn)，即:使得中關(guān)村成為一個(gè)成功典范的創(chuàng)新精神和科學(xué)技術(shù)。

中關(guān)村也擁有一批人數(shù)正在逐年增長(zhǎng)的海外歸來(lái)的學(xué)子，他們抓住機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望。項(xiàng)余方就是在海外學(xué)習(xí)工作后歸國(guó)的學(xué)子之一。中關(guān)村實(shí)現(xiàn)了利用自己所學(xué)為國(guó)效力的夢(mèng)想。

“我在國(guó)外求學(xué)是因?yàn)槲蚁攵嗫匆豢词澜�，能和我所研究領(lǐng)域的頂級(jí)科學(xué)家們一起工作。在國(guó)外，我從沒(méi)感到很舒適，我想念在中國(guó)的一切。獲得碩士學(xué)位的時(shí)候，我想回國(guó)，但苦于找不到一家公司施展我的才學(xué)。我在國(guó)外工作了幾年，后來(lái)我聽(tīng)說(shuō)了中關(guān)村，我知道它很適合我。”

項(xiàng)余方和幾個(gè)在北京的大學(xué)同學(xué)說(shuō)了這事，他們安排他回國(guó)。他辭去了在外國(guó)公司的工作，回到了北京。

“我非常高興，太棒了，就像一個(gè)夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了一樣。我能做我想做的并且能為國(guó)家作貢獻(xiàn)的事情了，我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記當(dāng)我第一腳踏上中國(guó)的土地，再次見(jiàn)到我的朋友和家人時(shí)我是多么的興奮！”

余方現(xiàn)在已在中國(guó)四年了，做得很棒。他住在北京，和兩個(gè)朋友以中關(guān)村為基地開(kāi)辦了一家小公司。

中關(guān)村不僅對(duì)商業(yè)，對(duì)科學(xué)也有積極的影響�，F(xiàn)在，中關(guān)村大約有八千多家高新技術(shù)公司，其中一半以上與IT（信息技術(shù)）產(chǎn)業(yè)有關(guān)。該園里也有中國(guó)電腦產(chǎn)業(yè)巨頭“聯(lián)想”和“方正”以及20多家知名國(guó)際公司。中關(guān)村的著名格言之一“依靠科學(xué)、技術(shù)、知識(shí)來(lái)增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力”，說(shuō)明科學(xué)和商業(yè)能夠并且一定要聯(lián)合在一起共建未來(lái)。另外一句格言幫我們解釋該園的成功秘訣:“鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)造性工作，接受失敗”。偉大的科學(xué)成就都是多年失敗的結(jié)晶，多年的嘗試創(chuàng)造以前從未存在的東西。

中關(guān)村的科學(xué)研究人員都知道，如果他們勇于面對(duì)失敗，并且從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)，他們就能夠達(dá)到頂峰。不是所有的公司都能成功的，但他們所代表的創(chuàng)造精神是比金錢(qián)都還重要的。正如余方所說(shuō):“我們還沒(méi)有掙很多錢(qián)，但對(duì)于中關(guān)村所激活的新技術(shù)和偉大的想法我們激動(dòng)不已”。

綜合技能

火熱的成就

中國(guó)的歷史充滿了科技方面的偉大成就。自從20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，中國(guó)的科技迅猛發(fā)展。中國(guó)政府提出“科技興國(guó)”戰(zhàn)略；在科技方面已經(jīng)獲得了許多重大突破。結(jié)果是顯而易見(jiàn)的。

空間探索

CSA，中國(guó)航天部，已經(jīng)成功地研發(fā)了長(zhǎng)征系列火箭。這些火箭很安全，已經(jīng)用來(lái)向太空發(fā)射衛(wèi)星，并且準(zhǔn)備發(fā)射我們國(guó)家第一次載人太空飛行。

探索生命奧秘

中國(guó)在利用基因技術(shù)提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量方面一直都處于領(lǐng)先位置。最重要的成就之一就是一種能增加產(chǎn)量的水稻。在過(guò)去的二十年時(shí)間里，中國(guó)加入了研究人類身體的國(guó)際組織。2001年，中國(guó)科學(xué)家宣布，他們已經(jīng)成功地完成了他們那一部分的國(guó)際人類基因組測(cè)序工程，再一次證明中國(guó)科學(xué)家是全球最棒的。

電子革命

中國(guó)可以說(shuō)是一眼就愛(ài)上了比特�；ヂ�(lián)網(wǎng)正在越來(lái)越受歡迎，一種新的寬帶互聯(lián)網(wǎng)即將問(wèn)世。中國(guó)計(jì)算機(jī)工程師們研發(fā)了神威級(jí)超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)，運(yùn)算速度，世界第48位，還研制了第一代人工智能機(jī)器人。

戰(zhàn)勝癌魔

人類歷史中第一次，科學(xué)家能創(chuàng)造出一種戰(zhàn)勝癌細(xì)胞的化學(xué)元素。

知識(shí)記憶

1.significant adj.意義重大的，重要的，有意義的a significant date 一個(gè)重要的日期

It is a significant change in the system.這是制度上的重大改變。

The Olympic Games is a significant event for the country.舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)是對(duì)該國(guó)具有重大意義的事件。

Penicillin was an extremely significant medical discovery.青霉素是一項(xiàng)極其重要的醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。

He gave her a significant look.他意味深長(zhǎng)地看了她一眼。

be significant of… 意味著，表示……

His silence was significant of his displeasure.他的沉默顯示了他心中的不快。

The laughter was significant of the crowd’s respect for the speaker.這笑聲表示觀眾對(duì)演講人的尊敬。

2.likely adj.很可能的

①sb./sth.is likely to do sth. “某人或某事可能會(huì)……”

He is likely to win.他可能會(huì)贏。

Are we likely to arrive on time?我們會(huì)按時(shí)到達(dá)嗎？

It is likely to rain tonight.今晚可能下雨。

An accident is likely to happen if you are not careful enough.如不小心，你就可能出事故。

②It is likely that… “很可能會(huì)……”

Is it likely that he will arrive so late?他可能會(huì)來(lái)得很晚嗎？

It is not likely that she should have said so.她不可能這么說(shuō)。

adv.大概，或許，很可能；通常與most, very, quite等連用。

He will very likely pass the exam.他可能會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。

Most likely his attempt will fail.很可能他的嘗試會(huì)失敗。

3.private adj.私立的，私人的，非公開(kāi)的

He attended a private school in town.他曾就讀于城里的一所私立學(xué)校。

You can get a private doctor to operate on him.你可以找個(gè)私人醫(yī)生為他做手術(shù)。

This is my private view.這是我個(gè)人的看法。

He is here on private business.他是因私事來(lái)這里的。

It’s wrong to read people’s private letters without permission.未經(jīng)允許看私人信件是不對(duì)的。

I wish to have a private talk with you.我想私下與你談?wù)劇?/p>

in private“私下地，秘密地，不公開(kāi)地”

It isn’t the sort of thing one should talk of in private.這不是那種可以私下談?wù)摰氖虑椤?/p>

He can be very rude in private, though in public he’s usually polite.他雖然在公共場(chǎng)合彬彬有禮，但私底下卻很粗野。

4.grasp vt.抓住，抓牢，理解

He reached out, grasped my hand, and shook it.他伸出手，抓住我的手握了一下。

He grasped her firmly by the arm.他緊緊抓住她的手臂。

If you grasp the rope I will pull you up.你抓緊繩子，我把你拉上來(lái)。

Grasp your chances while you can.只要有可能，就要抓住你的機(jī)會(huì)。

You must grasp this opportunity to study abroad.你要抓住這次出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。

I didn’t quite grasp what he was talking about.對(duì)他所講的，我不太理解。

I grasped the main points of the speech.我理解了這次講話的要點(diǎn)。

5.set foot in到達(dá)，進(jìn)入，踏上

I left him, determined never to set foot in that house again.我離開(kāi)了他，決心再也不踏進(jìn)那個(gè)家門(mén)。

She had never set foot in a place as grand as this before.她以前從沒(méi)到過(guò)這么大的地方。

I’ll never set foot in Tokyo again.我再也不會(huì)踏進(jìn)東京一步。

6.failure n.失敗[U]；失敗的事或人[C]

Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。

His plans ended in failure.他的計(jì)劃以失敗而告終。

It was clear that the policy was a failure.很明顯，那項(xiàng)政策失敗了。

But this plan, too, can be nothing but a failure.但這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃也只能會(huì)失敗。

Gary was a failure as a football player.作為一個(gè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員，加里是個(gè)失敗者。

Success comes after many failures.成功是源于很多次的失敗后得來(lái)的。

7.locate vt.設(shè)置(機(jī)關(guān)、店鋪等)，設(shè)立(工廠、辦公室等)；確定……的位置

They decided to locate their new office in Hong Kong.他們決定在香港設(shè)立新的辦事處。

We located the island on the map.我們?cè)诘貓D上確定那個(gè)島的位置。

be located in/on… 坐落于……，位于……

Our school is located in the centre of the town.我們學(xué)校坐落于市鎮(zhèn)的中心。

The country is located in the southern part of Africa.該國(guó)位于非洲南部。

8.luggage n.(總稱)行李

He did not have much luggage.他沒(méi)有很多行李。

You are only allowed to take one piece of hand luggage onto a plane.你只可攜帶一件手提行李上飛機(jī)。

They left their luggage at the station.他們把行李忘在了車(chē)站。

注：luggage是不可數(shù)名詞。

9.put forward提出，建議，推薦

He had no desire to put forward his plan.他不想提出他的計(jì)劃。

Are you serious in putting forward such a view?你真的要提出這種觀點(diǎn)嗎？

The theory was laughed at when it was first put forward.這個(gè)理論剛提出時(shí)，就受到了嘲笑。

We put him forward for the position of chairman.我們推舉他當(dāng)主席。

10.announce vt.宣布，宣告，顯示

He phoned me to announce his decision.他打電話給我，宣布了他的決定。

The government announced its new economic policies.政府發(fā)布了新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。

We have announced our engagement to some friends only.我們只告知某些朋友有關(guān)我們訂婚的事。

It has been announced that he will resign.他已經(jīng)將辭職的消息宣布了。

He announced that he would pay his debts.他宣布他將償還債務(wù)。

Please announce to your class that there will be no school tomorrow.請(qǐng)告知你們班的學(xué)生明天不上課。

A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.溫暖的陽(yáng)光顯示春天即將來(lái)到。

發(fā)散思維

1.rely on 依靠，依賴，信賴，指望

We may rely on his promises.我們可以信賴他的諾言。

The man is not to be relied on.這個(gè)人不可靠。

We must rely on our own efforts.我們一定要靠自己的努力。

They rely heavily on us for help.他們很依賴我們的幫助。

rely on sb.to do sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人會(huì)做某事

You can rely on Peter to do what he promises.你可以相信彼特會(huì)做他答應(yīng)做的事的。

I rely on her to pay back the money.我相信她會(huì)還錢(qián)。

rely on one’s doing sth.指望某人做某事，相信某人會(huì)做某事

Don’t rely on my seeing you off.不要指望我為你送行。

We can’t rely on his coming in time.我們不能指望他會(huì)按時(shí)來(lái)到。

rely on it that… 相信……，指望……

You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.你放心好了，他會(huì)來(lái)接見(jiàn)你的。

2.arrange vt.安排，籌劃，整理，布置

I have to arrange my affairs before going away.在走之前，我得把我的事情安排好。

Please arrange the books on the shelves.請(qǐng)把架子上的書(shū)整理好。

She helped me arrange the flowers.她幫助我養(yǎng)花。

The travel agency has arranged everything for our trips to Canada.旅行社已為我們的加拿大之行準(zhǔn)備好一切。

arrange to do sth. 安排做某事，預(yù)定做某事

I’ve arranged to see her tomorrow morning.我安排明天上午會(huì)見(jiàn)她。

He arranged to meet us at the hotel at one o’clock.他預(yù)定1點(diǎn)到賓館與我們見(jiàn)面。

arrange for 安排，準(zhǔn)備

I have to arrange for everything.我必須準(zhǔn)備好一切。

I’ll arrange for a car to pick you up at the airport.我會(huì)安排一輛汽車(chē)到機(jī)場(chǎng)去接你。

They have arranged for another man to take his place.他們已安排另一個(gè)人去接替他的位置。