1. You'll attend the meeting and discuss the issue. 你將出席這個會議并討論這個問題。

　1) attend用作及物動詞，意為“出席；參加; 上(學, 教堂)；陪伴”，用作不及物動詞，構成下列短語：

attend on/upon服侍, 照料; 陪, 隨從; 　　attend to傾聽, 注意, 留心

attend a meeting /lecture/school 出席會議/聽演講/上學

May good luck attend you! 祝你幸運!

2) n. issue 1)論點, 問題, the issue of something …的問題

raise an issue 提出問題complex issue 復雜問題sensitive issue 敏感問題

2) 出版, 發行, (報刊等)期、號, issue of

the January issue of Newsweek the current/latest issue Have you seen the latest issue?

3) [transitive]官方的發布命令，警告等

Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.

attend，join，join in，take part in用法辨析：

(1) attend是正式用語，一般指參加會議、典禮、婚禮、葬禮及去聽課、聽報告等。

(2) join指加入某黨派、某組織或某社會團體，以及參軍等，還可表示參與某種活動。如：

(3) join in通常指參加某種活動，尤其指和其他人一起參加某項活動。如：

(4) take part in指參加群眾性活動、會議、勞動、游行等，往往指參加者持有積極的態度，起一定作用，有時與join in可互換。如：

　　Will you take part in the English evening? 同我們一起參加英語晚會好嗎？

如：a. I will never forget the day when I _______ the Party.

b. Will you_______ us for dinner? 請你和我們一起吃飯好嗎？

c. May I _________ the game? 我可以參加這個游戲嗎？

d. I hope you'll all ________ the discussion. 我希望你們大家都參加討論。

e. Would you ____ (和我一起去散步)?

f. We should ____ (積極參加) school activities.

g. She didn't come to the party because she had to ____ (出席一個會議).

a. joined b. join c. join in/ take part in d. take part in/ join in e. join me in a walk f take an active part in g attend a meeting )

2．Summarize v.概述, 總結 The authors summarize their views in the introduction.

3. content: 1). n. 內容，目錄 (常作 ~ s ) ; 容量，容積

the contents of a book a table of contents Look up the contents at the beginning of the book.

a bucket of more than usual content

2). Adj. 滿足的，滿意的

be content to do sth be content with sth content oneself with sth

He is quite content to watch TV for hours. I’m very content with my life at present.

As there’s no butter we must content ourselves with dry bread.

4．representative cn. 1）代表

a union representative 協會代表 representative of …的代表 an elected representative of the people

2） typical of a particular group or thing 典型的；有代表性的

representative of The latest incident is representative of a wider trend

a representative collection of ancient Greek art 古希臘藝術代表作品集

5．have access to access用作名詞，意為“通路；訪問；接近；入門”，常與to連用。

1）have access to a car/a computer etc 有可供使用的車，電腦等

2） gain/get access (to something) t能夠得以見到某人/某物或進入某地

The police managed to gain access through an upstairs window.

6．Violence 暴力

physical violence 身體暴力 domestic violence 家庭暴力 racial/ethnic violence 種族暴力 use/resort to violence 使用暴力

7．All too 意為“實在太… ” “太過… ” 后常接形容詞或副詞，主要用來表達遺憾之意。

Eg. It was all too early when we reached the top of the hill. The sun hasn’t risen yet.

Only too + adj./adv. 也含有此意。表示“極為”“非常”“遺憾地”

eg. I’d be only too pleased to help, but I’m busy now

8．Stress vt. 1)著重，強調 也可說為lay/place/put stress on sth 2) 重讀

The report stressed that student math skills need to improve.

Crawford stressed the need for more housing downtown.

She stressed the importance of a balanced diet.

The word 'machine' is stressed on the second syllable.

9．equality [uncountable] 同等，平等

equality of 。。。的平等，均等 All people have the right to equality of opportunity.

equality with 與… 平等 Women have yet to achieve full equality with men in the workplace.

equality between 在… 之間的平等 equality between men and women

racial/sexual equality 種族/性別平等 The government must promote racial equality.

10．responsibility （plural responsibilities）1）un. 責任，責任感

Kelly's promotion means more money and more responsibility.

responsibility for (doing) something

The Minister will have responsibility for coordinating（調整）childcare policy.

with responsibility for something 具有，帶有對… 的責任

a manager with responsibility for over 100 staff

it is somebody's responsibility to do something 做某事是某人的責任。

It's your responsibility to inform us of any changes.

take responsibility for (doing) something 負責某事

Who do you trust to take responsibility for Britain's defence?

Be careful you don't take on too much responsibility

claim responsibility (for something) 聲稱對… 負責

No one has yet claimed responsibility for yesterday's bombing.

11．take action 1) 采取行動 2）開始生效

The government must take action now to stop the rise in violent crime

They took action to stop him.

The police took action to deal with this thing immediately.

The medicine will not take action for several hours.

使用take 的其他短語

take notes: 作筆記，記錄

Eg: Do you takes notes of the lectures?

He sat quietly in the corner taking notes carefully.

takes effect 開始起作用，見效，生效

The pill takes effect as soon as you swallow it.

take turns 輪流 take measures/steps 采取措施

take place 發生 take care 照顧

take medicine 吃藥 take time從容進行 take cold感冒， 受涼， 傷風

take notice 注意 take sides 偏袒

12．willing to do something

How much are they willing to pay?

13. put an end to 結束，毀掉

Eg: Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.

The discussion was put an end to by his sudden arrival.

The wind put an end to the pier.

Sth come to an end 結束了 make an end of終止, 結束, 除掉

bring sth to an end 結束, 完成, 終止

on end 1）直立，豎立 2）連續地 They argued for two hours on end

His hair stands on end.

14．harmony （plural harmonies）

in harmony with意為“與……和諧相處”、“與……協調”。如：

My cat and dog live in perfect harmony. 我的貓和狗相處得十分和睦。

We must ensure that tourism develops in harmony with the environment.

我們必須確保旅游的發展與環境相協調。

be out of harmony with與。。。 不相和諧

15. put an end to意為“結束”、“終結”。如：

How can we put an end to the fighting? 我們如何才能結束這場戰斗呢？

16．wipe out phrasal verb 徹底的除掉，除去，抹去

Whole villages were wiped out by the floods.

Nothing could wipe out his bitter memories of the past.

2）wipe somebody out 使某人感覺非常的疲勞 The heat had wiped us out.

17．alternative 1） [only before noun]選擇性的, 二中擇一的

alternative ways/approach/methods etc alternative approaches to learning

Have you any alternative suggestions?

2）Alternative cn. 可供選擇的辦法，事物。常指在兩者之間做出選擇。 choice 常指一般意義上的選擇

alternative to Is there a viable alternative to the present system?

have no alternative but 除...外別無選擇; 只有; 只好

I had no alternative but to report him to the police.

18．defend vt./vi. 保護，防衛

a struggle to defend our homeland

defend something against/from something 使某物免受侵害

the need to defend democracy against fascism（法西斯主義）

defend yourself (against/from somebody/something) 是某人免受侵害

advice on how women can defend themselves from sex attackers

defend against 抵抗，防衛 We need to defend against military aggression.

2）vt. 辯護 She was always defending her husband in front of their daughter.

Students should be ready to explain and defend their views.

19．Affect vt. 1)影響 2）感動

the areas affected by the hurricane a disease that affects the central nervous system

decisions which affect our lives We were all deeply affected by her death.

20．advise somebody to do something 建議某人做某事 advise doing ;

Evans advised him to leave London.

You are strongly advised to take out medical insurance when visiting China.

advise somebody against (doing) something 建議某人不做某事

I'd advise you against saying anything to the press.

advise that 接虛擬語氣

Experts advise that sunscreen be reapplied every one to two hours.